Prometheus 监控 Java 应用
Prometheus 监控 Java 应用有两种方式：一种是使用官方提供的jar包，然后嵌入到应用中。这种方式一般都是新项目。我认为也是最合适的一种。不过这种情况一般是理想而已。而除了这种方式，第二种是prometheus的jmx_exporter。
我们就是用的第二种。使用jmx_exporter的方式来监控我们的java应用程序。我们的java应用基本上是使用tomcat作为服务器的。这种情况下有两种方式，一种是基于springboot的jar包启动方式，一种是直接下载tomcat软件之后，将应用打成war包部署的方式。
jmx_exporter的使用非常简单，但是如果不了解就会非常懵逼。jmx_exporter实际也是基于java的jmx通过暴露Mbean来做为代理，使用http的方式来给Prometheus进行指标采集。
1.jar 包启动应用
如果是jar包启动的方式，那么github上面就已经有示例了。可以参照：java -javaagent:./jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.3.0.jar=9151:config.yaml -jar yourJar.jar，这种方式启动。这种属于在应用启动的时候就给它加上代理。
这种方式是没有加认证的，如果需要加认证，嗯，有点麻烦，实验过一次，后来发现，还是算了。可能在虚拟机上直接运行程序还好，但是打成docker镜像就真的就有点多余了。
这种方式是监控的内嵌tomcat的启动的应用，在访问http://ip:9151/metrics,/metrics可有可无，这个时候可以看到很多tomcat指标，当然如果你的config.yaml没有改动，那么可能并不会看到，因为官网的config.yaml中rules下的pattern:Catalina*，这里是不适用与内嵌tomcat的。内嵌的tomcat需要修改为Tomcat。
---
startDelaySeconds: 0
#hostPort: 192.168.226.128:8999
#jmxUrl: service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://127.0.0.1:8999/jmxrmi
ssl: false
wercaseOutputName: true
lowercaseOutputLabelNames: true
rules:
- pattern: 'Tomcat<type=GlobalRequestProcessor, name=\"(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)\"><>(\w+):'
name: tomcat_$3_total
labels:
port: "$2"
protocol: "$1"
help: Tomcat global $3
type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Tomcat<j2eeType=Servlet, WebModule=//([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), name=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*), J2EEApplication=none, J2EEServer=none><>(requestCount|maxTime|processingTime|errorCount):'
name: tomcat_servlet_$3_total
labels:
module: "$1"
servlet: "$2"
help: Tomcat servlet $3 total
type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Tomcat<type=ThreadPool, name="(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)"><>(currentThreadCount|currentThreadsBusy|keepAliveCount|pollerThreadCount|connectionCount):'
name: tomcat_threadpool_$3
labels:
port: "$2"
protocol: "$1"
help: Tomcat threadpool $3
type: GAUGE
- pattern: 'Tomcat<type=Manager, host=([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), context=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*)><>(processingTime|sessionCounter|rejectedSessions|expiredSessions):'
name: tomcat_session_$3_total
labels:
context: "$2"
host: "$1"
help: Tomcat session $3 total
type: COUNTER
- pattern: ".*"当然，你也看到了我的pattern这里有个：".*"为啥这样？因为这样可以让所有的jmx metrics全部暴露出来，这方式有点暴力但是很好，很有用。
2.Tomcat war包应用（目前应用此方式）
进入bin目录（$TOMCAT_HOME/bin），将jmx_exporter.jar包文件和config.yaml文件复制到这里。然后修改里面的一个catalina.sh的脚本，找到JAVA_OPTS,加上代理：
#修改bin/catalina.sh 文件
添加：
JAVA_OPTS=" -javaagent:/usr/local//bin/jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.3.1.jar=9151:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/config.yaml"
#创建./bin/config.yaml 文件
---
lowercaseOutputLabelNames: true
lowercaseOutputName: true
rules:
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=GlobalRequestProcessor, name=\"(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)\"><>(\w+):'
name: tomcat_$3_total
labels:
port: "$2"
protocol: "$1"
help: Tomcat global $3
type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Catalina<j2eeType=Servlet, WebModule=//([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), name=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*), J2EEApplication=none, J2EEServer=none><>(requestCount|maxTime|processingTime|errorCount):'
name: tomcat_servlet_$3_total
labels:
module: "$1"
servlet: "$2"
help: Tomcat servlet $3 total
type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=ThreadPool, name="(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)"><>(currentThreadCount|currentThreadsBusy|keepAliveCount|pollerThreadCount|connectionCount):'
name: tomcat_threadpool_$3
labels:
port: "$2"
protocol: "$1"
help: Tomcat threadpool $3
type: GAUGE
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=Manager, host=([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), context=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*)><>(processingTime|sessionCounter|rejectedSessions|expiredSessions):'
name: tomcat_session_$3_total
labels:
context: "$2"
host: "$1"
help: Tomcat session $3 total
type: COUNTER这种启动tomcat之后，你就可以通过访问9151端口来访问metrics了。这里要记得，修改上面的config.yaml中pattern的部分，改为和github上一样就可以了，也就是pattern为Catalina**。
config.yaml下载地址：https://github.com/prometheus/jmx_exporter/blob/master/example_configs/tomcat.yml
jar包下载地址：https://github.com/prometheus/jmx_exporter
将jar包和config.yaml放在$tomcat_path/bin/ 启动tomcat就好了
Grafana图形化：Tomcat JVM.json
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