工具简介
dmidecode命令主要是通过DMI获取主机的硬件信息,其输出的信息包括BIOS、系统、主板、处理器、内存、缓存等等。
什么是DMI?
DMI (Desktop Management Interface, DMI)的主要组成部分是Management InformationFormat (MIF)数据库,这个数据库包括了所有有关电脑系统和配件的信息。
安装dmidecode
1、以CentOS 7.9 操作系统为例:
[root@linuxyz~]#cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
2、安装dmidecode
[root@linuxyz~]#yum -y install dmidecode
命令语法
dmidecode [选项]
选项
-d:(default:/dev/mem)从设备文件读取信息,输出内容与不加参数标准输出相同。
-h:显示帮助信息。
-s:只显示指定DMI字符串的信息。(string)
-t:只显示指定条目的信息。(type)
-u:显示未解码的原始条目内容。
--dump-bin file:将DMI数据转储到一个二进制文件中。
--from-dump FILE:从一个二进制文件读取DMI数据。
-V:显示版本信息。
常见用法
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode # 打印所有硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -q # 打印所有硬件信息,比较简洁
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -h # 获取帮助
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode | grep 'Product Name' # 以过滤的方式来查看指定的硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode --type bios # 查看BIOS相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode --type system # 查看系统相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode --type baseboard # 查看主板相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode --type chassis # 查看机箱相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode --type processor # 查看处理器相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode --type memory # 查看内存相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost ~]$dmidecode |grep 'Serial Number' # 查看主板的序列号
[root@localhost ~]$dmidecode -s system-serial-number # 查看系统序列号
[root@localhost ~]$dmidecode -t 11 # 查看OEM信息
dmidecode支持的数字参数如下:
dmidecode支持的数字参数如下:
Type Information
--------------------------------------------
0 BIOS
1 System
2 Baseboard
3 Chassis
4 Processor
5 Memory Controller
6 Memory Module
7 Cache
8 Port Connector
9 System Slots
10 On Board Devices
11 OEM Strings
12 System Configuration Options
13 BIOS Language
14 Group Associations
15 System Event Log
16 Physical Memory Array
17 Memory Device
18 32-bit Memory Error
19 Memory Array Mapped Address
20 Memory Device Mapped Address
21 Built-in Pointing Device
22 Portable Battery
23 System Reset
24 Hardware Security
25 System Power Controls
26 Voltage Probe
27 Cooling Device
28 Temperature Probe
29 Electrical Current Probe
30 Out-of-band Remote Access
31 Boot Integrity Services
32 System Boot
33 64-bit Memory Error
34 Management Device
35 Management Device Component
36 Management Device Threshold Data
37 Memory Channel
38 IPMI Device
39 Power Supply
40 Additional Information
41 Onboard Devices Extended Information
42 Management Controller Host Interface
使用举例
01 查询内存信息
# 查询内存条数:
[root@linuxyz~]#dmidecode -t 17 | grep "Size.*MB" | wc -l
1
# 查询机器最大支持的内存总量
[root@mysql ~]#dmidecode -t 16
Handle 0x0036, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
Maximum Capacity: 96 GB ## 这里可以查看到当前服务器允许扩容的最大内存为96G。
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 12
02 更精简的信息显示
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -q
//BIOS相关的硬件信息
BIOS Information
Vendor: Bochs
Version: Bochs
Release Date: 01/01/2011
Address: 0xE8000
Runtime Size: 96 kB
ROM Size: 64 kB
Characteristics:
BIOS characteristics not supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
BIOS Revision: 1.0
//系统相关的硬件信息
System Information
Manufacturer: Bochs # 厂商
Product Name: Bochs # 服务器型号
Version: Not Specified # 版本号
Serial Number: 641ab5b5-f6c0-431f-864c-4e750d27de04 # 主板序列号
UUID: 641AB5B5-F6C0-431F-864C-4E750D27DE04 # UUID
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: Not Specified
Family: Not Specified
//机箱相关的硬件信息
Chassis Information
Manufacturer: Bochs
Type: Other
Lock: Not Present
Version: Not Specified
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Boot-up State: Safe
Power Supply State: Safe
Thermal State: Safe
Security Status: Unknown
OEM Information: 0x00000000
Height: Unspecified
Number Of Power Cords: Unspecified
//处理器相关的硬件信息
Processor Information
Socket Designation: CPU 1
Type: Central Processor
Family: Other
Manufacturer: Bochs
ID: F1 06 04 00 FF FB 8B 1F
Version: Not Specified
Voltage: Unknown
External Clock: Unknown
Max Speed: 2000 MHz
Current Speed: 2000 MHz
Status: Populated, Enabled
Upgrade: Other
//物理内存阵列
Physical Memory Array
Location: Other
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
Maximum Capacity: 2 GB
Number Of Devices: 1
//内存设备
Memory Device
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 2048 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM 0
Bank Locator: Not Specified
Type: RAM
Type Detail: None
//内存阵列映射地址
Memory Array Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x0007FFFFFFF
Range Size: 2 GB
Partition Width: 1
//内存设备映射地址
Memory Device Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x0007FFFFFFF
Range Size: 2 GB
Partition Row Position: 1
//系统引导
System Boot Information
Status: No errors detected