keepalived防火墙开通命令 keepalived 防火墙端口

转载

mob64ca14137e4f 2024-04-11 12:17:05

文章标签 keepalived防火墙开通命令 nginx Nginx html 文章分类 运维

三、方案规划
VIP IP 主机名 Nginx 端口 默认主从
192.168.229.220 192.168.229.210 edu-proxy-01 88 MASTER
                192.168.229.211 edu-proxy-02 88 BACKUP

一安装Nginx
关闭防火墙
systemctl status firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl status firewalld
firewall-cmd --state
四、安装 Nginx
1、安装编译 Nginx 所需的依赖包
# yum install gcc gcc-c++ make automake autoconf libtool pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel
openssl openssl-devel

2、上传 Nginx(nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz)到 /usr/local/src 目录

3、编译安装 Nginx
# cd /usr/local/src/
# tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.6.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
# make && make install

4、配置 Nginx
# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user  root;
worker_processes  1;
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;
    server {
        listen       88;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

修改 Nginx 欢迎首页内容（用于后面测试，用于区分两个节点的 Nginx） ：
# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
192.168.229.210 中的标题加 1
<h1>Welcome to nginx! 1</h1>
192.168.229.211 中的标题加 2
<h1>Welcome to nginx! 2</h1>

5、系统防火墙打开对应的端口 88
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
## Nginx
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 88 -j ACCEPT
# service iptables restart

6、测试 Nginx 是否安装成功
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

7、启动 Nginx
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
重启 Nginx
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

8、设置 Nginx 开机启动
# vi /etc/rc.local
加入：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

192.168.229.210:88
192.168.229.211:88


五、安装 Keepalived （ http://www.keepalived.org/download.html ）
1、上传或下载 keepalived（keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz）到 /usr/local/src 目录

2、解压安装
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz
# cd keepalived-1.2.18
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
# make && make install

3、将 keepalived 安装成 Linux 系统服务：
因为没有使用 keepalived 的默认路径安装（默认是/usr/local）,安装完成之后，需要做一些工作
复制默认配置文件到默认路径
# mkdir /etc/keepalived
# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
复制 keepalived 服务脚本到默认的地址

------------------------------------------------------------------------
# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
# ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

这个地方会有问题keepalived二进制，需要这样做
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@edu-proxy-02 ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
设置 keepalived 服务开机启动
# chkconfig keepalived on

4、修改 Keepalived 配置文件
(1) MASTER 节点配置文件（192.168.229.210）
# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   ## keepalived 自带的邮件提醒需要开启 sendmail 服务。建议用独立的监控或第三方 SMTP
   router_id edu-proxy-01 ## 标识本节点的字条串，通常为 hostname
}
## keepalived 会定时执行脚本并对脚本执行的结果进行分析，动态调整 vrrp_instance 的优先级。如果
脚本执行结果为 0，并且 weight 配置的值大于 0，则优先级相应的增加。如果脚本执行结果非 0，并且 weight
配置的值小于 0，则优先级相应的减少。其他情况，维持原本配置的优先级，即配置文件中 priority 对应
的值。
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh" ## 检测 nginx 状态的脚本路径
    interval 2 ## 检测时间间隔
    weight -20 ## 如果条件成立，权重-20
}
## 定义虚拟路由，VI_1 为虚拟路由的标示符，自己定义名称
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER ## 主节点为 MASTER，对应的备份节点为 BACKUP
    interface eth1 ## 绑定虚拟 IP 的网络接口，与本机 IP 地址所在的网络接口相同，我的是 eth1     virtual_router_id 51 ## 虚拟路由的 ID 号，两个节点设置必须一样，可选 IP 最后一段使用, 相 同的 VRID 为一个组，他将决定多播的 MAC 地址
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.229.210 ## 本机 IP 地址
    priority 100 ## 节点优先级，值范围 0-254，MASTER 要比 BACKUP 高
nopreempt ## 优先级高的设置 nopreempt 解决异常恢复后再次抢占的问题
advert_int 1 ## 组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须一样，默认 1s
## 设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致
authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111  ## 真实生产，按需求对应该过来
}
## 将 track_script 块加入 instance 配置块
    track_script {
        chk_nginx ## 执行 Nginx 监控的服务
}
## 虚拟 IP 池, 两个节点设置必须一样
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.229.200 ## 虚拟 ip，可以定义多个
    }
}

(2)BACKUP 节点配置文件（192.168.229.211）:
# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id edu-proxy-02
}

vrrp_script chk_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
    interval 2
    weight -20
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth1
    virtual_router_id 51
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.229.211
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.229.200
    }
}

5、编写 Nginx 状态检测脚本 /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh (已在 keepalived.conf 中配置)
脚本要求：如果 nginx 停止运行，尝试启动，如果无法启动则杀死本机的 keepalived 进程，keepalied
将虚拟 ip 绑定到 BACKUP 机器上。内容如下：
# vi /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx –no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    sleep 2
    if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
        killall keepalived
    fi
fi
保存后，给脚本赋执行权限：
# chmod +x /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh

6、启动 Keepalived
# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [  OK  ]

7、Keepalived+Nginx 的高可用测试
(1)关闭 192.168.229.210 中的 Nginx，Keepalived 会将它重新启动
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
(2)关闭 192.168.229.210 中的 Keepalived，VIP 会切换到 192.168.229.211 中
# service keepalived stop


Keepalived 停止后，该节点的网络接口中的 VIP 将消失

查看此时 VIP 对应的 MAC，Windows 下使用 CMD 命令查看

说明此时 VIP 已经漂移到物理主机 192.168.229.211 上了

再通过 VIP 来访问 Nginx 集群，访问到的也是 192.168.229.211

(3)重新启动 192.168.229.210 中的 Keepalived，VIP 又会切回到 192.168.229.210 中来
# service keepalived start
查看虚拟 IP 状态
windows中
arp -a 192.168.229.200
arp -a 192.168.229.210
Keepalived 服务管理命令：
停止：service keepalived stop
启动：service keepalived start
重启：service keepalived restart
查看状态：service keepalived status

本文章为转载内容，我们尊重原作者对文章享有的著作权。如有内容错误或侵权问题，欢迎原作者联系我们进行内容更正或删除文章。