前言:
本文只对SSM的整合进行了简单概述,并详细用图文说明如何用IDEA进行整合的流程,目的在于让读者了解用工具进行整合的流程,和需要编写的类及配置文件。
因此项目中的页面资源没有在文中体现,涉及到每个框架的知识点也没有具体提及。
如果读者们基础薄弱,可以看一看笔者之前写的,有关SSM各个框架的基础知识点,链接放在下面:
MyBatis入门概述,内置连接池源码分析Spring入门概述及基本知识点SpringMVC入门概述,执行流程及基本知识点
SSM框架构成:
该框架是由S(SpringMVC)、S(Spring)、M(MyBatis)三个开源框架整合而成,作为现在互联网项目中比较常用的框架进行使用。
因为Spring MVC是Spring中的一员,所以SpringMVC与Spring之间不需要进行整合,而SpringMVC作为控制层,不会直接操作持久层MyBatis,也不存在整合问题。因此三个框架的整合,其实只涉及到Spring与MyBatis的整合。
SSM框架调用流程图:
从0开始使用IntelliJ IDEA整合SSM:
为了方便,我们使用Maven工程构建项目,创建方式如下:
需要输入内容的只有这两步,剩下的傻瓜式下一步即可。项目创建后,我们需要如下主要目录,其中webapp是自动创建好的,我们需要手动创建其余两个目录(java和resources),并进行设置,如下图:
对java目录右键,然后进行如下配置:
对resources目录右键,进行如下配置:
目录配置好后,我们在pom文件中导入下面的内容:
<!--版本锁定-->
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--AOP相关坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring主要坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--SpringMVC坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring整合单元测试相关坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring事务管理坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring-jdbc模板坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mysql驱动包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet,jsp相关坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志相关坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring整合MyBatis坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--阿里druid连接池坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
坐标依赖导入完成后,我们开始在java中创建对应的包(类稍后再说):
对应包创建好后,进行各个配置文件的配置,需要的配置文件如下:
其实Spring整合MyBatis就是将MyBatis中加载配置文件,获取sqlSession对象的代码变为Spring配置文件中的配置,内部集成,如下:
//加载主配置文件,目的是构建SqlSessionFactory对象
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//创建SqlSessionFactory对象,创建后,已经有了configuration对象,其中就有连接池对象
SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
//使用SqlSessionFactory工厂对象创建SqlSession对象,参数设置为true,表示开启事务的自动提交(不建议使用),所以操作执行完都会默认提交
SqlSession sqlSession = sessionFactory.openSession();
各个配置文件的详细配置及解释如下:
applicationContext.xml(Spring配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--开启注解扫描,扫描service包,将加有对应注解的类控制反转-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.cx.service"></context:component-scan>
<!--配置阿里开源连接池:Druid连接池-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///ssm"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
<!--Spring框架整合Mybatis框架,SqlSessionFactoryBean就是负责整合的类,
把该类控制反转,将dao层生成的代理对象,也进行控制反转,即可使Spring操作MyBatis对象
-->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--注入连接池对象-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 加载mybatis的全局配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml"/>
<!--相当于mybatis中的mappers标签,注册映射文件-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mappers/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<bean id="mapperScannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!--扫描dao内的包,生成代理对象-->
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.cx.dao"/>
</bean>
<!--配置平台事务管理器-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--配置事务的通知-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!--配置事务增强-->
<aop:config>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(public * cn.cx.service.*ServiceImp.*(..))"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
springmvc.xml(SpringMVC配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--开启注解的扫描,扫描controller,将该类加有对应注解的类控制反转-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.cx.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!--配置视图解析器-->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--访问文件所在目录-->
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<!--访问文件后缀名-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--该配置文件中只配置了视图解析器,根据具体需求可配置异常处理器、文件上传解析器、拦截器等等-->
<!--mvc注解支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
SqlMapConfig.xml(MyBatis主配置文件)
<!--
mybatis配置文件和mappers下配置文件配合使用
-->
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--加载映射配置文件-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mappers/AccountMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
AccountMapper.xml(MyBatis映射配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--命名空间-->
<mapper namespace="cn.cx.dao.AccountMapper">
<!--查询sql语句,查询表中所有数据-->
<select id="findAll" resultType="cn.cx.domain.Account">
select * from account
</select>
<!--插入sql语句,插入一条数据-->
<insert id="addAccount" parameterType="cn.cx.domain.Account">
insert into account (name, money) values(#{name}, #{money})
</insert>
</mapper>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<!--解决post请求中文乱码问题-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/ *</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--配置前端控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--加载springmvc.xml配置文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动加载-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--配置Spring的监听器,启动服务器时,加载Spring配置文件-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--全局初始化参数,加载类路径下配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
具体类的编写:
controller层
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {
/**
* 注入业务层对象
* */
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping("/findAll")
public ModelAndView findAll(){
System.out.println("表现层(Controller):findAll方法调用...");
List<Account> accountList = accountService.findAll();
for (Account account : accountList) {
System.out.println(account);
}
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("suc");
mv.addObject("accountList",accountList);
return mv;
}
@RequestMapping("/addAccount")
public void addAccount(Account account){
System.out.println("表现层(Controller):addAccount方法调用...");
accountService.addAccount(account);
}
}
dao层
public interface AccountMapper {
public List<Account> findAll();
public void addAccount(Account account);
}
实体类
/**
* JavaBean实体类,对应数据库中表account
* */
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double money;
//下面是set,get,toString方法....
}
service层接口
public interface AccountService {
public List<Account> findAll();
public void addAccount(Account account);
}
service层实现类
/**
* 将该类控制反转到IOC容器中
* */
@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
/**
* 注入操作数据库的AccountMapper
* */
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountDao;
@Override
public List<Account> findAll() {
System.out.println("业务层(Service):findAll方法调用...");
return accountDao.findAll();
}
@Override
public void addAccount(Account account){
System.out.println("业务层(Service):addAccount方法调用...");
accountDao.addAccount(account);
}
}