python openpyxl 单元格边框 无 openpyxl 设置边框

1、 安装
 pip install openpyxl想要在文件中插入图片文件，需要安装 pillow，安装文件：PIL-fork-1.1.7.win-amd64-py2.7.exe
· font(字体类)：字号、字体颜色、下划线等
· fill(填充类)：颜色等
· border(边框类)：设置单元格边框
· alignment(位置类)：对齐方式
· number_format(格式类)：数据格式
· protection(保护类)：写保护
2、 创建一个 excel 文件，并写入不同类的内容
复制代码
-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 wb = Workbook() #创建文件对象grab the active worksheet
ws = wb.active #获取第一个 sheet
Data can be assigned directly to cells
ws[‘A1’] = 42 #写入数字
 ws[‘B1’] = “你好”+“automation test” #写入中文（unicode 中文也可）Rows can also be appended
ws.append([1, 2, 3]) #写入多个单元格
Python types will automatically be converted
import datetime
 import time
 ws[‘A2’] = datetime.datetime.now() #写入一个当前时间
 #写入一个自定义的时间格式
 ws[‘A3’] =time.strftime(“%Y 年 %m 月 %d 日 %H 时 %M 分 %S 秒”,time.localtime())Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码3、 创建 sheet
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 wb = Workbook()ws1 = wb.create_sheet(“Mysheet”) #创建一个 sheet
 ws1.title = “New Title” #设定一个 sheet 的名字
 ws2 = wb.create_sheet(“Mysheet”, 0) #设定 sheet 的插入位置 默认插在后面
 ws2.title = u"你好" #设定一个 sheet 的名字 必须是 Unicodews1.sheet_properties.tabColor = “1072BA” #设定 sheet 的标签的背景颜色
#获取某个 sheet 对象
 print wb.get_sheet_by_name(u"你好")
 print wb[“New Title”]#获取全部 sheet 的名字，遍历 sheet 名字
 print wb.sheetnames
 for sheet_name in wb.sheetnames:
 print sheet_nameprint “*”*50
for sheet in wb:
 print sheet.title#复制一个 sheet
 wb[“New Title”]["A1"]=“zeke”
 source = wb[“New Title”]
 target = wb.copy_worksheet(source)w3 = wb.copy_worksheet(wb[‘new title’])
ws3.title = ‘new2’
wb.copy_worksheet(wb[‘new title’]).title = ‘hello’
Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码4、 操作单元格
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 wb = Workbook()
 ws1 = wb.create_sheet(“Mysheet”) #创建一个 sheetws1[“A1”]=123.11
 ws1[“B2”]=“你好”
 d = ws1.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)print ws1[“A1”].value
 print ws1[“B2”].value
 print d.valueSave the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码5、 操作批量的单元格
 无论 ws.rows 还是 ws.iter_rows 都是一个对象除上述两个对象外 单行，单列都是一个元祖，多行多列是二维元祖
复制代码
-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 wb = Workbook()ws1 = wb.create_sheet(“Mysheet”) #创建一个 sheet
ws1[“A1”]=1
 ws1[“A2”]=2
 ws1[“A3”]=3ws1[“B1”]=4
 ws1[“B2”]=5
 ws1[“B3”]=6ws1[“C1”]=7
 ws1[“C2”]=8
 ws1[“C3”]=9#操作单列
 print ws1[“A”]
 for cell in ws1[“A”]:
 print cell.value#操作多列, 获取每一个值
 print ws1[“A:C”]
 for column in ws1[“A:C”]:
 for cell in column:
 print cell.value#操作多行
 row_range = ws1[1:3]
 print row_range
 for row in row_range:
 for cell in row:
 print cell.valueprint “*”*50
 for row in ws1.iter_rows(min_row=1, min_col=1, max_col=3, max_row=3):
 for cell in row:
 print cell.value#获取所有行
 print ws1.rows
 for row in ws1.rows:
 print rowprint “*”*50
 #获取所有列
 print ws1.columns
 for col in ws1.columns:
 print colwb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码使用百分数
复制代码
-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 wb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 wb.guess_types = True
 ws=wb.active
 ws[“D1”]=“12%”
 print ws[“D1”].valueSave the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 #结果会打印小数
 复制代码复制代码
-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 wb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 wb.guess_types = False
 ws=wb.active
 ws[“D1”]=“12%”
 print ws[“D1”].value
 wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 #结果会打印百分数
 复制代码获取所有的行对象：
 复制代码
 #coding=utf-8
 from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 wb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 ws=wb.active
 rows=[]
 for row in ws.iter_rows():
 rows.append(row)
 print rows #所有行
 print rows[0] #获取第一行
 print rows[0][0] #获取第一行第一列的单元格对象
 print rows[0][0].value #获取第一行第一列的单元格对象的值print rows[len(rows)-1] #获取最后行 print rows[-1]
 print rows[len(rows)-1][len(rows[0])-1] #获取第后一行和最后一列的单元格对象
 print rows[len(rows)-1][len(rows[0])-1].value #获取第后一行和最后一列的单元格对象的值
 复制代码获取所有的列对象：
 复制代码
 #coding=utf-8
 from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 wb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 ws=wb.active
 cols=[]
 cols = []
 for col in ws.iter_cols():
 cols.append(col)print cols #所有列
 print cols[0] #获取第一列
 print cols[0][0] #获取第一列的第一行的单元格对象
 print cols[0][0].value #获取第一列的第一行的值print “*”*30
 print cols[len(cols)-1] #获取最后一列
 print cols[len(cols)-1][len(cols[0])-1] #获取最后一列的最后一行的单元格对象
 print cols[len(cols)-1][len(cols[0])-1].value #获取最后一列的最后一行的单元格对象的值
 复制代码6、 操作已经存在的文件
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 wb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 wb.guess_types = True #猜测格式类型
 ws=wb.active
 ws[“D1”]=“12%”
 print ws[“D1”].valueSave the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 #注意如果原文件有一些图片或者图标，则保存的时候可能会导致图片丢失
 复制代码7、 单元格类型
 复制代码
 # -- coding: utf-8 --
 from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 import datetime
 wb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)ws=wb.active
 wb.guess_types = Truews[“A1”]=datetime.datetime(2010, 7, 21)
 print ws[“A1”].number_formatws[“A2”]=“12%”
 print ws[“A2”].number_formatws[“A3”]= 1.1
 print ws[“A4”].number_formatws[“A4”]= “中国”
 print ws[“A5”].number_formatSave the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 执行结果：
 yyyy-mm-dd h🇲🇲ss
 0%
 General
 General
 #如果是常规，显示 general, 如果是数字，显示’0.00_ ’，如果是百分数显示 0%
 数字需要在 Excel 中设置数字类型，直接写入的数字是常规类型
 复制代码8、 使用公式
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbookwb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 ws1=wb.activews1[“A1”]=1
 ws1[“A2”]=2
 ws1[“A3”]=3ws1[“A4”] = “=SUM(1, 1)”
 ws1[“A5”] = “=SUM(A1:A3)”print ws1[“A4”].value #打印的是公式内容，不是公式计算后的值, 程序无法取到计算后的值
 print ws1[“A5”].value #打印的是公式内容，不是公式计算后的值, 程序无法取到计算后的值Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码9、 合并单元格
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl import load_workbookwb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 ws1=wb.activews.merge_cells(‘A2:D2’)
 ws.unmerge_cells(‘A2:D2’) #合并后的单元格，脚本单独执行拆分操作会报错，需要重新执行合并操作再拆分or equivalently
ws.merge_cells(start_row=2,start_column=1,end_row=2,end_column=4)
 ws.unmerge_cells(start_row=2,start_column=1,end_row=2,end_column=4)Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码10、插入一个图片
 需要先安装 Pilow, 安全文件是：PIL-fork-1.1.7.win-amd64-py2.7.exe复制代码
-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import load_workbook
 from openpyxl.drawing.image import Imagewb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 ws1=wb.activeimg = Image(‘e:\1.png’)
 ws1.add_image(img, ‘A1’)Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码11、 隐藏单元格
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import load_workbook
 from openpyxl.drawing.image import Imagewb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 ws1=wb.activews1.column_dimensions.group(‘A’, ‘D’, hidden=True) #隐藏 a 到 d 列范围内的列
 #ws1.row_dimensions 无 group 方法Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码复制代码
 12、 画一个柱状图-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import load_workbook
 from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.chart import BarChart, Reference, Serieswb = load_workbook(‘e:\sample.xlsx’)
 ws1=wb.activewb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.active
 for i in range(10):
 ws.append([i])values = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=1, max_col=1, max_row=10)
 chart = BarChart()
 chart.add_data(values)
 ws.add_chart(chart, “E15”)Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码13、 画一个饼图
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import load_workbook
 from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.chart import (PieChart , ProjectedPieChart, Reference)
 from openpyxl.chart.series import DataPointdata = [
 [‘Pie’, ‘Sold’],
 [‘Apple’, 50],
 [‘Cherry’, 30],
 [‘Pumpkin’, 10],
 [‘Chocolate’, 40],
 ]wb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.activefor row in data:
 ws.append(row)pie = PieChart()
 labels = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=5)
 data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=5)
 pie.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
 pie.set_categories(labels)
 pie.title = “Pies sold by category”Cut the first slice out of the pie
slice = DataPoint(idx=0, explosion=20)
 pie.series[0].data_points = [slice]ws.add_chart(pie, “D1”)
ws = wb.create_sheet(title=“Projection”)
data = [
 [‘Page’, ‘Views’],
 [‘Search’, 95],
 [‘Products’, 4],
 [‘Offers’, 0.5],
 [‘Sales’, 0.5],
 ]for row in data:
 ws.append(row)projected_pie = ProjectedPieChart()
 projected_pie.type = “pie”
 projected_pie.splitType = “val” # split by value
 labels = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=5)
 data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=5)
 projected_pie.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
 projected_pie.set_categories(labels)ws.add_chart(projected_pie, “A10”)
from copy import deepcopy
 projected_bar = deepcopy(projected_pie)
 projected_bar.type = “bar”
 projected_bar.splitType = ‘pos’ # split by positionws.add_chart(projected_bar, “A27”)
Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码14、 设定一个表格区域，并设定表格的格式
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import load_workbook
 from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.worksheet.table import Table, TableStyleInfowb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.activedata = [
 [‘Apples’, 10000, 5000, 8000, 6000],
 [‘Pears’, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000],
 [‘Bananas’, 6000, 6000, 6500, 6000],
 [‘Oranges’, 500, 300, 200, 700],
 ]add column headings. NB. these must be strings
ws.append([“Fruit”, “2011”, “2012”, “2013”, “2014”])
 for row in data:
 ws.append(row)tab = Table(displayName=“Table1”, ref=“A1:E5”)
Add a default style with striped rows and banded columns
style = TableStyleInfo(name=“TableStyleMedium9”, showFirstColumn=True,
 showLastColumn=True, showRowStripes=True, showColumnStripes=True)
 #第一列是否和样式第一行颜色一行，第二列是否···
 #是否隔行换色，是否隔列换色
 tab.tableStyleInfo = style
 ws.add_table(tab)Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码15、给单元格设定字体颜色
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.styles import colors
 from openpyxl.styles import Fontwb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.activea1 = ws[‘A1’]
 d4 = ws[‘D4’]
 ft = Font(color=colors.RED) # color=“FFBB00”，颜色编码也可以设定颜色
 a1.font = ft
 d4.font = ftIf you want to change the color of a Font, you need to reassign it::
#italic 倾斜字体
 a1.font = Font(color=colors.RED, italic=True) # the change only affects A1
 a1.value = “abc”Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码16、设定字体和大小
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.styles import colors
 from openpyxl.styles import Fontwb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.activea1 = ws[‘A1’]
 d4 = ws[‘D4’]
 a1.value = “abc”from openpyxl.styles import Font
 from copy import copyft1 = Font(name=u’宋体’, size=14)
 ft2 = copy(ft1) #复制字体对象
 ft2.name = “Tahoma”print ft1.name
 print ft2.name
 print ft2.size # copied from thea1.font = ft1
Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码17、设定行和列的字体
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.styles import Font
 wb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.activecol = ws.column_dimensions[‘A’]
 col.font = Font(bold=True) #将 A 列设定为粗体
 row = ws.row_dimensions[1]
 row.font = Font(underline=“single”) #将第一行设定为下划线格式Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码18、设定单元格的边框、字体、颜色、大小和边框背景色
复制代码
-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.styles import Font
 from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFillwb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.activehighlight = NamedStyle(name=“highlight”)
 highlight.font = Font(bold=True, size=20,color= “ff0100”)
 highlight.fill = PatternFill(“solid”, fgColor=“DDDDDD”)# 背景填充
 bd = Side(style=‘thick’, color=“000000”)
 highlight.border = Border(left=bd, top=bd, right=bd, bottom=bd)print dir(ws[“A1”])
 ws[“A1”].style =highlightSave the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)
 复制代码19、常用的样式和属性设置
 复制代码-- coding: utf-8 --
from openpyxl import Workbook
 from openpyxl.styles import Font
 from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFill
 from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Border, Side, Alignment, Protection, Fontwb = Workbook()
 ws = wb.activeft = Font(name=u’微软雅黑’,
 size=11,
 bold=False,
 italic=False,
 vertAlign=None,
 underline=‘none’,
 strike=False,
 color=‘FF000000’)fill = PatternFill(fill_type=“solid”,
 start_color=‘FFEEFFFF’,
 end_color=‘FF001100’)#边框可以选择的值为：‘hair’, ‘medium’, ‘dashDot’, ‘dotted’, ‘mediumDashDot’, ‘dashed’, ‘mediumDashed’, ‘mediumDashDotDot’, ‘dashDotDot’, ‘slantDashDot’, ‘double’, ‘thick’, ‘thin’]
 #diagonal 表示对角线
 bd = Border(left=Side(border_style=“thin”,
 color=‘FF001000’),
 right=Side(border_style=“thin”,
 color=‘FF110000’),
 top=Side(border_style=“thin”,
 color=‘FF110000’),
 bottom=Side(border_style=“thin”,
 color=‘FF110000’),
 diagonal=Side(border_style=None,
 color=‘FF000000’),
 diagonal_direction=0,
 outline=Side(border_style=None,
 color=‘FF000000’),
 vertical=Side(border_style=None,
 color=‘FF000000’),
 horizontal=Side(border_style=None,
 color=‘FF110000’)
 )alignment=Alignment(horizontal=‘general’,
 vertical=‘bottom’,
 text_rotation=0,
 wrap_text=False,
 shrink_to_fit=False,
 indent=0)number_format = ‘General’
protection = Protection(locked=True,
 hidden=False)ws[“B5”].font = ft
 ws[“B5”].fill =fill
 ws[“B5”].border = bd
 ws[“B5”].alignment = alignment
 ws[“B5”].number_format = number_formatws[“B5”].value =“zeke”
Save the file
wb.save(“e:\sample.xlsx”)