在软件开发过程中难免需要批量上传与下载,生成报表保存也是常有之事。

1.Excel的下载

    

  


public ActionForward downLoadExcelModel(ActionMapping actionMapping,
           ActionForm actionForm, HttpServletRequest request,
           HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
           String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(
            "/resources");
           String fileName = "成员模版.xls";
           String filePath = path + "\\" + fileName;
           DownLoadUtil.downLoadFile(filePath, response, fileName, "xls");
           return null;
        }



    2)工具类DownLoadUtil中:


<span style="background-color: rgb(191, 205, 172);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">public static boolean downLoadFile(String filePath,
        HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String fileType)
        throws Exception {
        File file = new File(filePath);  //根据文件路径获得File文件
        //设置文件类型(这样设置就不止是下Excel文件了,一举多得)
        if("pdf".equals(fileType)){
           response.setContentType("application/pdf;charset=GBK");
        }else if("xls".equals(fileType)){
           response.setContentType("application/msexcel;charset=GBK");
        }else if("doc".equals(fileType)){
           response.setContentType("application/msword;charset=GBK");
        }
        //文件名
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=\""
            + new String(fileName.getBytes(), "ISO8859-1") + "\"");
        response.setContentLength((int) file.length());
        byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];// 缓冲区
        BufferedOutputStream output = null;
        BufferedInputStream input = null;
        try {
          output = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
          input = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
          int n = -1;
          //遍历,开始下载
          while ((n = input.read(buffer, 0, 4096)) > -1) {
             output.write(buffer, 0, n);
          }
          output.flush();   //不可少
          response.flushBuffer();//不可少
        } catch (Exception e) {
          //异常自己捕捉       
        } finally {
           //关闭流,不可少
           if (input != null)
                input.close();
           if (output != null)
                output.close();
        }
       return false;
    }
    这样,就可以完成文件的下载,java程序将文件以流的形式,保存到客户本机!!</span>

2、Excel的上传与解析(此处方面起见,ExcelN行两列,以为手机号,另一为短号)

   对于数据批量上传,就涉及到文件的上传与数据的解析功能,此处运用了第三方jar包,方便快捷。对于文件上传,用到了commons-fileupload-1.1.1.jar与commons-io-1.1.jar,代码中并没有导入common-io包中的内容,而fielupload包的上传依赖于common-io,所以两者皆不可少;而对于Excel的解析,此处用到了jxl-2.6.jar。下面通过代码对各步骤进行解析。

<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 1)jsp文件:
      对于文件的上传,强烈推荐使用form表单,并设置enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post",action为处理文件的路径
      <form id="fileUpload" action="excel.do?method=exportMemberExcel" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
      <input id="excelFile" name="file" type="file"/>
      <input type="button" value="提交" οnclick="submitExcel()"/>
  </form>
    2)js文件:
      通过js文件对上传的文件进行初识的格式验证,判断是否为空以及格式是否正确,正确的话提交表单,由后台对上传的文件处理,此处用的是jQuery,需要导入jquery-***.js,此处使用的是jquery-1.4.2.min.js(最后提供下载地址)。
    function submitExcel(){
       var excelFile = $("#excelFile").val();
       if(excelFile=='') {alert("请选择需上传的文件!");return false;}
       if(excelFile.indexOf('.xls')==-1){alert("文件格式不正确,请选择正确的Excel文件(后缀名.xls)!");return false;}
       $("#fileUpload").submit();
    }
    3)Action中:
     使用common-fileupload包中的类FileItemFactory,ServletFileUpload对请求进行处理,如果是文件,用工具累ExcelUtil处理,不是文件,此处未处理,不过以后开发可以根据需要处理,此处不纍述。(因为如果Excel中如果存在错误记录,还需供用户下载,所以若有错误信息,暂保存在session中,待用户下载后可清空此session)。
      public ActionForward exportMemberExcel(ActionMapping actionMapping,
          ActionForm actionForm, HttpServletRequest request,
          HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      int maxPostSize = 1000 * 1024 * 1024;
      FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
      ServletFileUpload servletFileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
      servletFileUpload.setSizeMax(maxPostSize);
      try {
      List fileItems = servletFileUpload.parseRequest(request);
      Iterator iter = fileItems.iterator();
      while (iter.hasNext()) {
          FileItem item = (FileItem) iter.next();
          if (!item.isFormField()) {// 是文件
          Map map = ExcelUtil.excel2PhoneList(item.getInputStream());
     String[][] error = (String[][]) map.get("error");
     
     if (error.length != 0) {
      //如果存在错误,存入内存,供用户保存
      request.setAttribute("errorFlag", "ture");
      request.getSession().setAttribute("exportMap", map);
     } else {
      request.setAttribute("errorFalg", "false");
      // 获取正确的值填写json
      String phoneJson = JsonUtil
        .phoneArray2Json((String[][]) map
          .get("current"));
      request.setAttribute("phoneJson", phoneJson);
     }
    } else {    //不是文件,此处不处理,对于text,password等文本框可在此处理
        logger.error("wrong file");
    }
   }
  } catch (Exception e) {
   logger.error("invoke fileUpload error.", e);
  }
  return actionMapping.findForward("queryAccounts");
 }</span>




<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">4、工具类ExcelUtil
   主要借助jxl包对Excel文件进行解析,获取正确信息以及错误信息,供用户取舍。
   public static Map excel2PhoneList(InputStream inputStream) throws Exception {
     Map map = new HashMap();
     Workbook workbook = Workbook.getWorkbook(inputStream);  //处理输入流
     Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(0);// 获取第一个sheet
     int rows = sheet.getRows();   //获取总行号
     String[][] curArr = new String[rows][2];     //存放正确心细
     String[][] errorArr = new String[rows * 2][4];   //存放错误信息
     int curLines = 0;
     int errorLines = 0;
  for (int i = 1; i < rows; i++) {// 遍历行获得每行信息
     String phone = sheet.getCell(0, i).getContents();// 获得第i行第1列信息
     String shortNum = sheet.getCell(1, i).getContents();// 短号
     StringBuffer errorMsg = new StringBuffer();
     if (!isRowEmpty(sheet, i)) { //此行不为空
        //对此行信息进行正误判断           
     }
  }// 行
  //正误信息存入map,保存
  map.put("current", current);
  map.put("error", error);
   return map;
 }
   private static boolean isRowEmpty(Sheet sheet, int i) {
    String phone = sheet.getCell(0, i).getContents();// 集团编号
    String shortNum = sheet.getCell(1, i).getContents();// 集团名称
    if (isEmpty(phone) && isEmpty(shortNum))
        return true;
    return false;
   }
  返回值由Action处理,此处为止,Excel的解析就完成了!</span>




<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">3 生成Excel
  上文中说到如果存在错误信息,可供用户下载,错误信息存在Session中,下载就需要利用Session中的数据生成Excel文档,供用户保存。
   1)Action中:
   Action从Session中获取保存的对象,调用工具类保存,然后删除Session中的内容.
   public ActionForward downErrorExcel(ActionMapping actionMapping,
      ActionForm actionForm, HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
     Map map = (Map) request.getSession().getAttribute("exportMap");
     ExcelUtil.createExcel(response, map);
     request.getSession.removeAttribure("exportMap");
     return null;
    }
  2)工具类ExcelUtil中:
     public static boolean createExcel(HttpServletResponse response, Map map) {
     WritableWorkbook wbook = null;
     WritableSheet sheet = null;
     OutputStream os = null;
     try {
       response.reset();   
       //生成文件名
       response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename="
           + new String("错误信息".getBytes("GB2312"), "ISO8859-1")
           + ".xls");
       response.setContentType("application/msexcel");
       os = response.getOutputStream();
       wbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);
       sheet = wbook.createSheet("信息", 0);
       int row = 0;
       //填写表头
       setSheetTitle(sheet, row);
       //遍历map,填充数据
       setSheetData(sheet, map, row);
       wbook.write();
       os.flush();
     } catch (Exception e) {
       //自己处理
     }finally {
         try {//切记,此处一定要关闭流,否则你会下载一个空文件
          if (wbook != null)
              wbook.close();
          if (os != null)
              os.close();
         } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
         } catch (WriteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
      }
  }
  return false;
 }
 
private static void setSheetTitle(WritableSheet sheet, int row)
   throws RowsExceededException, WriteException {
  // 设置excel标题格式
  WritableFont wfont = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL, 12,
    WritableFont.BOLD, false, UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE,
    Colour.BLACK);
  WritableCellFormat wcfFC = new WritableCellFormat(wfont);
  //设置每一列宽度
  sheet.setColumnView(0,13);
  sheet.setColumnView(1,13);
  sheet.setColumnView(2,13);
  sheet.setColumnView(3,50);
  //填写第一行提示信息
  sheet.addCell(new Label(0, row, "手机号码", wcfFC));
  sheet.addCell(new Label(1, row, "短号", wcfFC));
  sheet.addCell(new Label(2, row, "原错误行号", wcfFC));
  sheet.addCell(new Label(3, row, "错误原因", wcfFC));
 }
 private static void setSheetData(WritableSheet sheet, Map map, int row)
   throws RowsExceededException, WriteException {
  WritableFont wfont = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL, 10,
    WritableFont.NO_BOLD, false, UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE,
    Colour.RED);
  WritableCellFormat wcfFC = new WritableCellFormat(wfont);
  //从map中获取数据
  String[][] error = (String[][]) map.get("error");
  //遍历并填充
  for (int i = 0; i < error.length; i++) {
   row++;
   sheet.addCell(new Label(0, row, error[i][0]));
   sheet.addCell(new Label(1, row, error[i][1]));
   sheet.addCell(new Label(2, row, error[i][2]));
   sheet.addCell(new Label(3, row, error[i][3],wcfFC));
  }
 }</span>

 Excel文件生成之后,由response传给客户,客户选择路径,就可以下载了,至此,完成了Excel文件下载、解析、和生成的工作,大功一件,希望有所启发。