我们知道MySql中主键可以设成auto_increment,也就是自增主键,每当新增一条记录,主键值自动加1。

在MyBatis中,执行insert,返回值为受影响的语句行数,此操作跟JDBC一致。

但是如果应用中需要将插入的值的主键返回时,这时有两种方式:

第一种方式:在mapper的insert节点中添加useGeneratedKey和keyProperty属性

第二种方式:在mapper的insert节点下添加selectKey子节点的方式

下面是具体的使用方式举例:


一、MySql中mybatis数据库的users表结构 

+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field    | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id       | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| name     | varchar(50)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| password | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field    | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id       | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| name     | varchar(50)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| password | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+


二、MyBatis配置文件 mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
	
	<!-- 在properties节点下定义的属性可以在全局中进行引用,具体引用的方式是 ${属性名} -->
	<properties>
		<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis"/>
		<property name="username" value="root"/>
		<property name="password" value="zzlibdmt"/>
	</properties>
	
	
	
	
	<!-- 为domain设置别名,注意:只能为javaBean设置别名,而不是mapper文件中的id -->
	<typeAliases>
		<package name="cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain"/>
	</typeAliases>


	<!-- environments下可以有多个environment节点,表示不同的开发环境,只要有一个与default匹配即可 -->
	<!-- 具体在开发中,可以在开发时使用development配置,上线时使用production配置等等 -->
	<environments default="development">
		<environment id="development">
			<!-- JDBC表示直接使用底层JDBC的事务管理 -->
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
			
			<!-- 配置POOLED将使用MyBatis的自带的数据库连接池 -->
			<!-- 具体属性名字可以查看该类的setter方法 -->
			<!-- org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource -->
			<dataSource type="POOLED">
				<property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
				<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
				<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
				<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
	</environments>

	<mappers>
		<mapper resource="cn/kolbe/mybatis/domain/UserMapper.xml"/>
	</mappers>
</configuration>


三、MyBatis的mapper映射文件 UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.UserMapper">
	
	<insert id="getGeneratedKey1" parameterType="cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.User">
		insert into users(name, password) values(#{name}, #{password})	
	</insert>
	
	<!-- useGeneratedKeys默认值为false,keyProperty的值对应的是User类中的主键名 -->
	<insert id="getGeneratedKey2" parameterType="cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
		insert into users(name, password) values(#{name}, #{password})	
	</insert>

	<insert id="getGeneratedKey3" parameterType="cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.User">
		<!-- 使用这种方式要注意,resultType是要设置的,否则将抛异常,该值对应的User类中的主键类型 -->
		<!-- keyProperty对应的是User类中的主键名,假设取名为user_id,则这边也要改成user_id -->
		<selectKey keyProperty="id" resultType="int">
			select LAST_INSERT_ID()
		</selectKey>
		insert into users(name, password) values(#{name}, #{password})	
	</insert>

</mapper>


四、普通的Java实体类User

package cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain;

public class User {

	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private String password;
	
	public User(String name, String password) {
		this.name = name;
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", password=" + password + "]";
	}
	
}
package cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain;

public class User {

	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private String password;
	
	public User(String name, String password) {
		this.name = name;
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", password=" + password + "]";
	}
	
}


五、测试代码

package cn.kolbe.mybatis;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.User;

public class MyBatisTest {
	
	/**
	 * 普通的插入操作
	 * 
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetGeneratedKey1() throws FileNotFoundException {
		SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
		String statement = "cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.UserMapper.getGeneratedKey1";
		User user = new User("User_01","123456");
		int result = session.update(statement, user);		// result为受影响的行数
		session.commit();
		System.out.println(user);				// 输出 User [id=null, name=User_02, password=123456]
		System.out.println("result:" + result);                 // 输入 result: 1
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在insert中添加了 useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id" 属性的插入操作
	 * 
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetGeneratedKey2() throws FileNotFoundException {
		SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
		String statement = "cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.UserMapper.getGeneratedKey2";
		User user = new User("User_02","123456");
		
		// 此时MyBatis不仅返回了受影响的行数,还将自增的id赋值给了传进去的user
		// 这时可以看到user打印出来的id是有值的!!!
		int result = session.update(statement, user);		// 受影响的行数
		session.commit();
		System.out.println(user);                               // 输出 User [id=2, name=User_02, password=123456]
		System.out.println("result:" + result);                 // 输出 result: 1
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在insert中添加子节点<selectKey>子节点的插入操作
	 * <selectKey order="AFTER" keyProperty="id">
	 *		select select last_insert_id()
	 * </selectKey>
	 * 
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetGeneratedKey3() throws FileNotFoundException {
		SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
		String statement = "cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.UserMapper.getGeneratedKey3";
		User user = new User("User_03", "123456");
		
		// 此时MyBatis不仅返回了受影响的行数,还将自增的id赋值给了传进去的user
		// 这时可以看到user打印出来的id是有值的!!!
		int result = session.update(statement, user);		// 受影响的行数
		session.commit();
		System.out.println(user);                               // 输出 User [id=3, name=User_03, password=123456]
		System.out.println("result:" + result);                 // 输出 result: 1
	}
	
	/**
	 * 初始化SessionFactory
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Before
	public void init() throws Exception {
		InputStream in = new FileInputStream("src/main/java/mybatis-config.xml");
		factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
	}
	
	private SqlSessionFactory factory;
}
package cn.kolbe.mybatis;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.User;

public class MyBatisTest {
	
	/**
	 * 普通的插入操作
	 * 
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetGeneratedKey1() throws FileNotFoundException {
		SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
		String statement = "cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.UserMapper.getGeneratedKey1";
		User user = new User("User_01","123456");
		int result = session.update(statement, user);		// result为受影响的行数
		session.commit();
		System.out.println(user);				// 输出 User [id=null, name=User_02, password=123456]
		System.out.println("result:" + result);                 // 输入 result: 1
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在insert中添加了 useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id" 属性的插入操作
	 * 
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetGeneratedKey2() throws FileNotFoundException {
		SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
		String statement = "cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.UserMapper.getGeneratedKey2";
		User user = new User("User_02","123456");
		
		// 此时MyBatis不仅返回了受影响的行数,还将自增的id赋值给了传进去的user
		// 这时可以看到user打印出来的id是有值的!!!
		int result = session.update(statement, user);		// 受影响的行数
		session.commit();
		System.out.println(user);                               // 输出 User [id=2, name=User_02, password=123456]
		System.out.println("result:" + result);                 // 输出 result: 1
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在insert中添加子节点<selectKey>子节点的插入操作
	 * <selectKey order="AFTER" keyProperty="id">
	 *		select select last_insert_id()
	 * </selectKey>
	 * 
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetGeneratedKey3() throws FileNotFoundException {
		SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
		String statement = "cn.kolbe.mybatis.domain.UserMapper.getGeneratedKey3";
		User user = new User("User_03", "123456");
		
		// 此时MyBatis不仅返回了受影响的行数,还将自增的id赋值给了传进去的user
		// 这时可以看到user打印出来的id是有值的!!!
		int result = session.update(statement, user);		// 受影响的行数
		session.commit();
		System.out.println(user);                               // 输出 User [id=3, name=User_03, password=123456]
		System.out.println("result:" + result);                 // 输出 result: 1
	}
	
	/**
	 * 初始化SessionFactory
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Before
	public void init() throws Exception {
		InputStream in = new FileInputStream("src/main/java/mybatis-config.xml");
		factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
	}
	
	private SqlSessionFactory factory;
}


注:

1)使用selectKey的方式获取主键,相当于调用了MySql的LAST_INSERT_ID()函数,意思是查询最后一次插入的ID,相当于执行了两条语句

2)两种方式的主键获取方式都是通过MyBatis为我们自动将id值赋值给传入的javaBean,而不是通过update语句返回,也就是update返回的同jdbc一致(影响的行数),获取id的方式是执行完update后调用user.getId()方法,具体可参看上面的例子。