因为有个项目需求是把Excel转为图片,方便在移动端上展示,所以上网搜了好多文章,发现没有完整的、拿来即用的解决方案。特别是文字长度超过单元格宽度后如何实现文本自动换行的问题,还有由此产生的换行后文字如何上下居中的问题。所以就自己实现了上述功能,和WPS另存为图片的功能一致,还不带水印。大家需要的可以复制使用。
超长文字换行并上下居中的基本原理:
自动换行就不赘述了,网上都有成熟的文章。主要介绍多行文字如何上下居中。默认的换行后顶部会贴着上一单元格的y轴坐标,导致最后一行距离底部距离过宽,如何居中是个问题。如果是一行的话,很简单,可以通过【y + (gr.getHeight() - font.getSize())+ font.getSize()】这种方式轻松实现上下居中。但是多行文字,每行的坐标都会发生变化,所以基本计算方式是:先计算出最后一行到底部的距离,然后/2,然后drawString时,每个y坐标都加上这个底部距离就实现了上下居中。
但是这样还会有问题,就是如果文字换行后的高度超过了单元格高度(也就是单元格中的文字部分被隐藏,很常见)时,由于计算了每行的坐标,就会导致格式错乱。所以需要解决这个问题,当文字换行后的高度超过了单元格高度时,要计算单元格高度可以展示几行,向下取整,需要注意的是如果是0行时,要默认给1行。到此为止本文章的所有叙述完毕,接下来直接上代码。大家复制即可用。
package com.holocene.back.common.utils.poiimg;
import cn.hutool.core.util.ObjectUtil;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateFormatUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPicture;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFShape;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.ooxml.POIXMLDocumentPart;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.*;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.spreadsheetDrawing.CTMarker;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.*;
/**
* width:pix=getColumnWidthInPixels*1.15
* height:pix=getHeightInPoints*96/72
* <p>
* 本示例用来读取Excel报表文件,并力图将报表无差别转化成PNG图片
* 使用POI读取Excel各项数据
* 使用JAVA 2D绘制PNG
* 本示例基本实现了常见Excel的所有样式输出,但Office2007以后的版本添加了条件样式功能,,所以无法实现
* 今后可以通过关键字标注等方法,在Excel中需要加入条件样式的单元格用注解标明,使用JAVA计算得出样因为POI的API无法读取条件样式式再绘制出来
* 中文乱码问题请查看excel中字体 在本地是否安装
* 可以导出图片
* <p>
*/
public class DrawFromExcel_Test2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
String path = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\img\\gw.xlsx";
String s = DrawFromExcel_Test2.excelToImage(path, "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\img");
System.out.println(s);
}
/**
* excel转图片
*
* @param excelUrl excel路径
* @param path 图片存储路径
* @throws IOException,InvalidFormatException 异常
*/
public static String excelToImage(String excelUrl, String path) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(new File(excelUrl));
wb.close();
String draw = null;
// 获取每个Sheet表
for (int sheetIndex = 0; sheetIndex < wb.getNumberOfSheets(); sheetIndex++) {
// 图片宽度
int imageWidth;
// 图片高度
int imageHeight;
//第一个工作表
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(sheetIndex);
// 获取工作表是否存在图片
Map<String, PictureData> maplist = null;
if (excelUrl.endsWith(".xls")) {
maplist = getPictures1((HSSFSheet) sheet);
} else if (excelUrl.endsWith(".xlsx")) {
maplist = getPictures2((XSSFSheet) sheet);
}
// 获取整个sheet中合并单元格组合的集合
List<CellRangeAddress> rangeAddress = sheet.getMergedRegions();
//检查区域内是否存在数据
int rowSize = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
int colSize = 0;
Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
if (ObjectUtil.isNotEmpty(row)) {
colSize = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
}
// int colSize = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
if (rowSize == 0 || colSize == 0) {
continue;
}
// 遍历需要扫描的区域
UserCell[][] cells = new UserCell[rowSize][colSize];
int[] rowPixPos = new int[rowSize + 1];
rowPixPos[0] = 0;
int[] colPixPos = new int[colSize + 1];
colPixPos[0] = 0;
float height = 0f;
float width = 0f;
for (int i = 0; i < rowSize; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < colSize; j++) {
cells[i][j] = new UserCell();
cells[i][j].setCell(sheet.getRow(i).getCell(j));
cells[i][j].setRow(i);
cells[i][j].setCol(j);
//行列不可以隐藏
boolean ifShow = !(sheet.isColumnHidden(j) || sheet.getRow(i).getZeroHeight());
cells[i][j].setShow(ifShow);
// 计算所求区域宽度 如果该单元格是隐藏的,则置宽度为0
float widthPix = !ifShow ? 0 : sheet.getColumnWidthInPixels(j);
if (i == 0) {
width += widthPix;
}
colPixPos[j + 1] = (int) (widthPix * 1.15 + colPixPos[j]);
}
// 计算所求区域高度 行序列不能隐藏
boolean ifShow = !sheet.getRow(i).getZeroHeight();
// 如果该单元格是隐藏的,则置高度为0
float heightPoint = !ifShow ? 0 : sheet.getRow(i).getHeightInPoints();
height += heightPoint;
rowPixPos[i + 1] = (int) (heightPoint * 96 / 72) + rowPixPos[i];
}
imageHeight = (int) (height * 96 / 72);
imageWidth = (int) (width * 115 / 100);
List<Grid> grids = getGrids(wb, rangeAddress, rowSize, colSize, cells, rowPixPos, colPixPos, maplist);
// 绘图
draw = draw(imageWidth, imageHeight, grids, path);
}
return draw;
}
/**
* 根据表格制作网格
*
* @param wb excel
* @param rangeAddress 合并单元格组合
* @param rowSize 行大小
* @param colSize 列大小
* @param cells 单元格
* @param rowPixPos 需要扫描的行大小
* @param colPixPos 需要扫描的列大小
* @return 网格数据
*/
private static List<Grid> getGrids(Workbook wb, List<CellRangeAddress> rangeAddress, int rowSize, int colSize, UserCell[][] cells, int[] rowPixPos, int[] colPixPos, Map<String, PictureData> dataMap) {
List<Grid> grids = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < rowSize; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < colSize; j++) {
//当前表格
Cell cell = cells[i][j].getCell();
Grid grid = new Grid();
// 设置坐标和宽高
grid.setX(colPixPos[j]);
grid.setY(rowPixPos[i]);
grid.setWidth(colPixPos[j + 1] - colPixPos[j]);
grid.setHeight(rowPixPos[i + 1] - rowPixPos[i]);
grid.setRow(cells[i][j].getRow());
grid.setCol(cells[i][j].getCol());
grid.setShow(cells[i][j].isShow());
// 判断是否为合并单元格
int[] isInMergedStatus = isInMerged(grid.getRow(), grid.getCol(), rangeAddress);
if (cell == null || (isInMergedStatus[0] == 0 && isInMergedStatus[1] == 0)) {
continue;
} else if (isInMergedStatus[0] != -1 && isInMergedStatus[1] != -1) {
// 此单元格是合并单元格,并且属于第一个单元格,则需要调整网格大小
int lastRowPos = Math.min(isInMergedStatus[0], rowSize - 1);
int lastColPos = Math.min(isInMergedStatus[1], colSize - 1);
grid.setWidth(colPixPos[lastColPos + 1] - colPixPos[j]);
grid.setHeight(rowPixPos[lastRowPos + 1] - rowPixPos[i]);
}
// 单元格背景颜色
CellStyle cs = cell.getCellStyle();
if (cs.getFillPatternEnum() == FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND) {
grid.setBgColor(cell.getCellStyle().getFillForegroundColorColor());
}
// 设置字体
org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font font = wb.getFontAt(cs.getFontIndex());
// Font font = new Font("微软雅⿊",Font.PLAIN,30) ;
grid.setFont(font);
// 设置字体前景色
if (font instanceof XSSFFont) {
XSSFFont xf = (XSSFFont) font;
grid.setFtColor(xf.getXSSFColor());
}
// 设置文本
String strCell;
if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.NUMERIC) {
if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
strCell = DateFormatUtils.format(cell.getDateCellValue(), "yyyy-MM-dd");
} else {
NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getInstance();
strCell = String.valueOf(nf.format(cell.getNumericCellValue())).replace(",", "");
}
} else if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING) {
strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
} else if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BOOLEAN) {
strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
} else if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.ERROR) {
strCell = "错误类型";
} else {
strCell = "";
}
// 如果为空可能单元格是图片
if ("".equals(strCell)) {
PictureData pictureData = dataMap.get(i + "-" + j);
if (pictureData != null) {
grid.setData(pictureData.getData());
}
}
if (cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString().contains("0.00%")) {
try {
double dbCell = Double.parseDouble(strCell);
strCell = new DecimalFormat("#.00").format(dbCell * 100) + "%";
} catch (NumberFormatException ignored) {
}
}
grid.setText(strCell.matches("\\w*\\.0") ? strCell.substring(0, strCell.length() - 2) : strCell);
grids.add(grid);
}
}
return grids;
}
/**
* 绘图
*
* @param imageWidth 图片宽度
* @param imageHeight 图片高度
* @param grids 绘制图片的内容
*/
public static String draw(int imageWidth, int imageHeight, List<Grid> grids, String path) throws IOException {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(imageWidth, imageHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2d = image.createGraphics();
// 平滑字体
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_OFF);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_DEFAULT);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_LCD_CONTRAST, 140);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_OFF);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_DEFAULT);
g2d.setColor(Color.white);
g2d.fillRect(0, 0, imageWidth, imageHeight);
// 绘制表格
for (Grid g : grids) {
if (!g.isShow()) {
continue;
}
// 绘制背景色
g2d.setColor(g.getBgColor() == null ? Color.white : g.getBgColor());
g2d.fillRect(g.getX(), g.getY(), g.getWidth(), g.getHeight());
// 绘制边框
g2d.setColor(Color.black);
g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1));
g2d.drawRect(g.getX(), g.getY(), g.getWidth(), g.getHeight());
// 绘制文字,居中显示
g2d.setColor(g.getFtColor());
Font font = g.getFont();
FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics(font);
// 获取将要绘制的文字宽度
int strWidth = fm.stringWidth(g.getText());
g2d.setFont(font);
// 图片
if (g.getData() != null && g.getData().length > 0) {
InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(g.getData());
BufferedImage bg = ImageIO.read(inputStream);
g2d.drawImage(bg.getScaledInstance(g.getWidth(), g.getHeight(), Image.SCALE_DEFAULT),
g.getX(),
g.getY(), null);
}
// 文字
else {
/*g2d.drawString(g.getText(),
g.getX() + (g.getWidth() - strWidth) / 2,
g.getY() + (g.getHeight() - font.getSize()) / 2 + font.getSize());*/
// drawWrapString(g2d,font, g.getText(), g.getWidth(), 20, 20, 10, 10, 100);
GraphicsUtil.drawWrapString(g2d, g.getText(), g.getX(), g.getY(), g.getWidth(), g);
}
}
g2d.dispose();
//生成图片
String imgUrl = path + File.separator + UUID.randomUUID() + ".png";
ImageIO.write(image, "png", new File(imgUrl));
return imgUrl;
}
/**
* 判断Excel中的单元格是否为合并单元格
*
* @param row 当前行号
* @param col 当前列号
* @param rangeAddress 整个sheet中合并单元格组合的集合
* @return 如果不是合并单元格返回{-1,-1},如果是合并单元格并且是一个单元格返回{lastRow,lastCol},
* 如果是合并单元格并且不是第一个格子返回{0,0}
*/
private static int[] isInMerged(int row, int col, List<CellRangeAddress> rangeAddress) {
int[] isInMergedStatus = {-1, -1};
for (CellRangeAddress cra : rangeAddress) {
if (row == cra.getFirstRow() && col == cra.getFirstColumn()) {
isInMergedStatus[0] = cra.getLastRow();
isInMergedStatus[1] = cra.getLastColumn();
return isInMergedStatus;
}
if (row >= cra.getFirstRow() && row <= cra.getLastRow() && col >= cra.getFirstColumn() && col <= cra.getLastColumn()) {
isInMergedStatus[0] = 0;
isInMergedStatus[1] = 0;
return isInMergedStatus;
}
}
return isInMergedStatus;
}
/**
* 获取图片和位置 (xls)
*
* @param sheet -
* @return -
* Z
*/
public static Map<String, PictureData> getPictures1(HSSFSheet sheet) {
Map<String, PictureData> map = new HashMap<>();
List<HSSFShape> list = sheet.getDrawingPatriarch().getChildren();
for (HSSFShape shape : list) {
if (shape instanceof HSSFPicture) {
HSSFPicture picture = (HSSFPicture) shape;
HSSFClientAnchor cAnchor = (HSSFClientAnchor) picture.getAnchor();
PictureData pdata = picture.getPictureData();
// 行号-列号
String key = cAnchor.getRow1() + "-" + cAnchor.getCol1();
map.put(key, pdata);
}
}
return map;
}
/**
* 获取图片和位置 (xlsx)
*
* @param sheet -
* @return -
*/
public static Map<String, PictureData> getPictures2(XSSFSheet sheet) {
Map<String, PictureData> map = new HashMap<>();
List<POIXMLDocumentPart> list = sheet.getRelations();
for (POIXMLDocumentPart part : list) {
if (part instanceof XSSFDrawing) {
XSSFDrawing drawing = (XSSFDrawing) part;
List<XSSFShape> shapes = drawing.getShapes();
for (XSSFShape shape : shapes) {
XSSFPicture picture = (XSSFPicture) shape;
// XSSFClientAnchor anchor = picture.getPreferredSize();
//解决图片空指针报错问题 lig 2021-06-03
XSSFClientAnchor anchor = (XSSFClientAnchor) shape.getAnchor();
CTMarker marker = anchor.getFrom();
// 行号-列号
String key = marker.getRow() + "-" + marker.getCol();
map.put(key, picture.getPictureData());
}
}
}
return map;
}
}
package com.holocene.back.common.utils.poiimg;
/**
* @BelongsProject: meetingnmcommon
* @BelongsPackage: com.holocene.back.common.utils.poiimg
* @Author: wangbingkang@talentdata.com
* @CreateTime: 2024-03-14 08:51
* @Description: 转图片工具类
* @Version: 1.0
*/
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* GraphicsUtil
*
* @author KV
* @since 2022/11/16
*/
public class GraphicsUtil {
/**
* 绘制自动换行文本
*
* @param g {@link Graphics2D}
* @param str 文本
* @param x 坐标X
* @param y 坐标Y
* @param width 总宽度
*/
public static void drawWrapString(Graphics2D g, String str, int x, int y, int width, Grid gr) {
drawWrapString(g, str, x, y, width, null, null, gr);
}
/**
* 绘制自动换行文本
*
* @param g {@link Graphics2D}
* @param str 文本
* @param x 坐标X
* @param y 坐标Y
* @param width 总宽度
* @param lineHeight 每行高度(为空时取字号大小)
*/
public static void drawWrapString(Graphics2D g, String str, int x, int y, int width, Integer lineHeight, Grid gr) {
drawWrapString(g, str, x, y, width, lineHeight, null, gr);
}
/**
* 绘制自动换行文本
*
* @param g {@link Graphics2D}
* @param str 文本
* @param x 坐标X
* @param y 坐标Y
* @param width 总宽度
* @param lineHeight 每行高度(为空时取字号大小)
* @param maxLine 最大行数
*/
public static void drawWrapString(Graphics2D g, String str, int x, int y, int width, Integer lineHeight, Integer maxLine, Grid gr) {
if (g == null || StrUtil.isEmpty(str)) {
return;
}
Font font = g.getFont();
FontMetrics fontMetrics = new JLabel(str).getFontMetrics(font);
if (lineHeight == null) {
lineHeight = font.getSize() + 4;
// lineHeight = font.getSize();
}
char[] chars = str.toCharArray();
List<StringBuilder> lines = new ArrayList<>();
int s = 0;
StringBuilder p = null;
for (char c : chars) {
int cWidth = fontMetrics.stringWidth(c + "");
if (p == null || s + cWidth >= width) {
p = new StringBuilder();
lines.add(p);
s = cWidth;
} else {
s += cWidth;
}
p.append(c);
}
maxLine = maxLine == null ? lines.size() : Math.min(lines.size(), maxLine);
// 文字多行时,由于顶部贴着边,所以首先需要计算多行时最后一行到底部的距离,然后就计算出最后一行到底部距离
int marginBottom = 0;
if (maxLine > 1) {
for (int i = 0; i < maxLine; i++) {
int y_zhou = y + ((i + 1) * (lineHeight));
if (i == maxLine - 1) {
int shengyu = y + gr.getHeight() - y_zhou;
marginBottom = shengyu / 2;
}
}
}
// 多行文字换行时,要判断文字的高度和单元格的高度,如果文字的高度>单元格的高度,那么总行数要减少,否则会挤占上一单元格的空间,导致错乱
int textHeight = 0;
int oneY = 0;
int lastY = 0;
if (maxLine > 1) {
for (int i = 0; i < maxLine; i++) {
int y_zhou = y + ((i + 1) * (lineHeight));
if (i == 0) {
oneY = y_zhou;
}
if (i == maxLine - 1) {
lastY = y_zhou;
}
}
}
textHeight = lastY - oneY;
// 如果文字的高度>单元格的高度,那么总行数要减少
if (textHeight > gr.getHeight()) {
// 向下取整:最终只能取多少行
maxLine = (int) Math.floor((textHeight - gr.getHeight()) / lineHeight);
if (maxLine <= 0) {
maxLine = 1;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < maxLine; i++) {
/*// 1左对齐
g.drawString(lines.get(i).toString(), x, y + ((i + 1) * (lineHeight+3)));
*/
/*// 2x轴居中
int strWidth = fontMetrics.stringWidth(lines.get(i).toString());
if(maxLine == 1) {
g.drawString(lines.get(i).toString(), x + (width - strWidth) / 2, y + (gr.getHeight() - font.getSize())+ font.getSize());
} else {
g.drawString(lines.get(i).toString(), x + (width - strWidth) / 2, y + ((i + 1) * (lineHeight)));
// g.drawString(lines.get(i).toString(), x + (width - strWidth) / 2, (y + ((i + 1) * (lineHeight))) / 2 + font.getSize());
}*/
// 3完整的上下左右居中
int strWidth = fontMetrics.stringWidth(lines.get(i).toString());
if (maxLine == 1) {
g.drawString(lines.get(i).toString(), x + (width - strWidth) / 2, y + (gr.getHeight() - font.getSize()) / 2 + font.getSize());
} else {
// 文字高度>单元格高度,基本上下居中,所以不用再加底部高度
if (textHeight > gr.getHeight()) {
g.drawString(lines.get(i).toString(), x + (width - strWidth) / 2, y + ((i + 1) * (lineHeight)));
} else {
// 文字高度<=单元格高度
g.drawString(lines.get(i).toString(), x + (width - strWidth) / 2, y + ((i + 1) * (lineHeight)) + marginBottom);
}
}
}
}
}