centos 7磁盘扩容、扩展分区/dev/mapper/centos-root
- 一、VMware workstation菜单栏👉虚拟机👉设置👉添加👉硬盘👉下一步
- 二、SCSI👉下一步:
- 三、创建新虚拟磁盘👉下一步
- 四、选择自己需要的硬盘大小👉立即分配磁盘取消勾选👉将虚拟磁盘存储为单个文件👉下一步
- 五、完成
- 六、重启虚拟机后,使用lsblk命令查看磁盘情况
- 七、使用fdisk创建新分区
- 八、使用mkfs.ext4命令进行格式化
- 九、挂载分区(扩容)
- 十、扩展/dev/mapper/centos-root
一、VMware workstation菜单栏👉虚拟机👉设置👉添加👉硬盘👉下一步
二、SCSI👉下一步:
三、创建新虚拟磁盘👉下一步
四、选择自己需要的硬盘大小👉立即分配磁盘取消勾选👉将虚拟磁盘存储为单个文件👉下一步
五、完成
六、重启虚拟机后,使用lsblk命令查看磁盘情况
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
发现已经成功添加新硬盘sdb。
七、使用fdisk创建新分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x03295b0a.Command (m for help):
然后输入 p ,回车:
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x03295b0aDevice Boot Start End
Command (m for help):
输入 n 回车:
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
输入 p 回车, 1 回车,回车,回车。
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759):
Using default value 10485759
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
输入 p ,回车
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x03295b0aDevice Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 10485759 5241856 83 LinuxCommand (m for help):
输入 w ,回车,保存退出。至此,磁盘分区完成。
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
八、使用mkfs.ext4命令进行格式化
先查看分区表
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 5G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
发现新分区是sdb1(我只分了一个主分区,所以是sdb1。)然后我们对sdb1进行格式化
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
327680 inodes, 1310464 blocks
65523 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280
40 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
至此格式化完成。
九、挂载分区(扩容)
我以挂载到根分区的data目录为例:
新建/data目录
[root@localhost /]# mkdir data
挂载分区到/data目录
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
查看磁盘使用情况
[root@localhost /]# df -hT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 10G 1.3G 16G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 12M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 148M 867M 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 ext4 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /data
至此,虚拟机添加磁盘操作结束。
十、扩展/dev/mapper/centos-root
扩容/dev/mapper/centos-root,前八步相同,将第九步骤换成第十步骤就可以了。
- 创建pv(给刚刚新建的分区 /dev/sdb1)
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created
- 把pv加入vg中,相当于扩充vg的大小
- 先使用vgs查看vg组
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
centos 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 40.00m<br>
- 扩展vg,使用vgextend命令
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
- 我们成功把vg卷扩展了,在用vgs查看一下
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
centos 2 2 0 wz--n- 39.50g 20.04g
- 虽然我们把vg扩展了,但是lv还没有扩展
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root centos -wi-ao---- 17.47g
swap centos -wi-ao---- 2.00g
- 扩展lv,使用lvextend命令
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +20G /dev/mapper/centos-root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 17.47 GiB (4472 extents) to 37.47 GiB (9592 extents).
Logical volume root successfully resized.
- 查看lv大小
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root centos -wi-ao---- 37.47g
swap centos -wi-ao---- 2.00g
- df -h 发现centos-root空间没有变化
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root 10G 10G 44m 100% /
devtmpfs 479M 0 479M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.7M 483M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 125M 373M 25% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0<br><br>没有变化。
- 那么我们要使用命令使系统重新读取大小
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=1144832 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=4579328, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 4579328 to 9822208
- 再使用df -h查看
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root 30G 6.7G 24G 23% /
devtmpfs 470M 0 470M 0% /dev
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 487M 8.4M 478M 2% /run
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 157M 41M 80% /boot
tmpfs 98M 12K 98M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 30G 16G 13G 54% /opt
- 到这里我们就成功扩展了。