Object类

·超类、基类,所有类的直接或间接父类,位于继承树最顶层
·任何类,如果没有书写extends显示继承某个类,都默认直接继承Object类,否则为间接继承
·Object类中所定义的方法,是所有对象都具备的方法
·Object类型可以存储任何对象
·作为参数,可以接受任何对象
·作为返回值,可返回任何对象

getClass()方法

·public final Class<?> getClass(){}
·返回引用中存储的实际对象类型
·应用:通常用于判断两个引用中实际存储对象类型是否一致

public class TestStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("aaa",111);
        Student s2 = new Student("bbb ",222);
        //判断S1和S2是不是同一个类型
       Class class1 = s1.getClass();
       Class class2 = s2.getClass();
       if (class1==class2){
           System.out.println("s1和s2是同一个类型");
       }
       else {
           System.out.println("no");
       }
    }
}
public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

hashCode()方法

·public int hashCode(){}
·返回该对象的哈希码值
·哈希值根据对象的地址或字符串或数字使用hash算法计算出来的int类型的数值
·一般情况下相同对象返回相同的哈希码

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}
public class TesthashCode {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("cc",333);
        Student s2 = new Student("dd",444);
        System.out.println(s1.hashCode());//764977973
        System.out.println(s2.hashCode());//381259350
        Student s3 = s1;
        System.out.println(s3.hashCode());//764977973
    }
}

toString()方法

·public String toString(){}
·返回对象的字符串表示(表现形式)
·可以根据程序需求覆盖方法,如:展示对象各个属性值

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    //重写

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return name+age;
    }
}
public class TesttoString {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("aaa",111);
        Student s2 = new Student("bbb",222);
        System.out.println(s1.toString());//com.common.Object.toString.Student@2d98a335 哈希值
        System.out.println(s2.toString());//com.common.Object.toString.Student@16b98e56
    }
}

equals()方法

·public boolean equals(Object ogj){}
·默认实现为(this==obj),比较两个对象的地址是否相同。
·可进行覆盖,比较两个对象的内容是否相同。
equals()方法重写步骤:
·比较两个引用是否指向同一个对象
·判断obj是否为null
·判断两个引用指向的实际对象类型是否一致
·强制类型转换
·依次比较各个属性值是否相同

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        //1、判断两个对象是否是同一个
        if (this == obj) {
            return true;
        }
        //2、判断obj是否为null
        if (obj == null) {
            return false;
        }
        //3、判断是否是同一个类型
//        if (this.getClass()==obj.getClass()){}
        //instanceof判断对象是否是某种类型
        if (obj instanceof Student) {
            //4、强制类型转换
            Student s = (Student) obj;
            //5、比较数据
            if (this.name.equals(s.getName()) && this.age == s.getAge()) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}
public class TestEquals {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("aaa",111);
        Student s2 = new Student("aaa",111);
        //equals方法判断两个对象是否相等
        System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));//false未重写
    }
}

finalize()方法

·当对象被判定为垃圾对象是,由jvm自动调用此方法,用以标记垃圾对象,进入回收队列。
·垃圾对象:没有有效引用此对象时,为垃圾对象。(没有任何引用指向他的对象)
·垃圾回收:由GC销毁垃圾对象,释放数据存储空间。
·自动回收机制:jvm的内存耗尽,一次性回收所有垃圾对象。
·手动回收机制:使用System.gc();通知jvm执行垃圾回收。

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("对象被回收了");
    }
}
public class Teatfinalize {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 =new Student("mdy",11);
        Student s2 =new Student("mdy",11);
        Student s3 =new Student("mdy",11);
        Student s4 =new Student("mdy",11);
        new Student("mdy",11);//回收
        //回收垃圾
        System.gc();
        System.out.println("回收垃圾");
    }
}