1 过期策略
1.0 定期删除
- 主动删除
- 定期删除设置一个时间间隔,每个时间段都会检测是否有键过期,定期随机抽取键检查和删除.
1.2 惰性删除
- 被动删除
- 惰性删除不会在键过期是立即删除,而是当外部获取这个键时删除.
1.3 定时删除
- 主动删除
- 创建键时设置过期时间,创建一个定时器,当键达到过期时间阈值时,立即删除键,删除该时刻过期的所有键,不会考虑此时机器所处状态.
2 内存淘汰
序号 | 策略 | 描述 |
1 | noeviction | 当内存不足以存储新数据写入时,新写入操作报错 |
2 | allkeys-lru | 当内存不足以存储新数据写入时,在键空间中移除最近最少使用的key |
3 | allkeys-random | 当内存不足以存储新数据写入时,在键空间中随机移除某个key |
4 | volatile-lru | 当内存不足以存储新数据写入时,在设置了过期时间的键中,移除最近最少使用的key |
5 | volatile-random | 当内存不足以存储新数据写入时,在设置了过期时间的键中,随机移除某个key |
6 | volatile-ttl | 当内存不足以存储新数据写入时,在设置了过期时间的键中,优先移除有更早过期时间的key |
3 数据过期提醒
3.1 配置过期提醒
sudo vim /etc/redis/redis.conf
notify-keyspace-events Ex
3.2 配置监听
package com.sb.config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureAfter;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheWriter;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.RedisMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
@AutoConfigureAfter(RedisAutoConfiguration.class)
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport{
@Autowired
private RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory;
@Bean
public KeyGenerator wiselyKeyGenerator(){
return new KeyGenerator(){
@Override
public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(target.getClass().getName());
sb.append(method.getName());
for(Object obj:params){
sb.append(obj.toString());
}
return sb.toString();
}
};
}
@Bean
public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration
.defaultCacheConfig()
.entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(60));
return RedisCacheManager
.builder(RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisConnectionFactory))
.cacheDefaults(redisCacheConfiguration).build();
}
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisCacheTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
return template;
}
@Bean
public RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
return container;
}
}
3.3 配置事件处理
package com.sb.util;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.Message;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.KeyExpirationEventMessageListener;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.RedisMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
@Component
public class RedisKeyExpirationListenerUtil extends KeyExpirationEventMessageListener{
static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisKeyExpirationListenerUtil.class);
public RedisKeyExpirationListenerUtil(RedisMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer){
super(listenerContainer);
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message, byte[] pattern){
String expiredKey = message.toString();
// TODO
logger.info("data expired:{}", expiredKey);
}
}
4 小结
序号 | 描述 |
1 | Redis过期清除策略有三种,定期清除,定时清除,惰性清除,其中惰性清除为被动清除,定时和定期为主动清除,定期为定期随机清除,定时为清除所有过期数据 |
2 | 数据过期事件提醒配置Redis提醒,设定监听容器及监听事件,监听事件中执行清除数据时的逻辑,同时可获取删除的key,通过key和持久化的数据库同步数据 |
3 | 缓存过期数据和硬盘数据同步存储,过期时同步删除,保证服务宕机数据不丢失 |
【参考文献】
[3]https://www.jianshu.com/p/c37ad337146f [4]https://www.jianshu.com/p/106f0eae07c8