centos的远程桌面 centos远程桌面连接安装包

Oracle11g安装包：

p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

下载地址：

百度云：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1FU0NSbptjGXTXpLmLTzX6g
提取码：q03g

操作系统配置

注意：

1、如没有关闭防火墙，请先关闭：

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl status firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

2、如没有关闭selinux，请先关闭：

[root@cdh02 data]# vi /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
***SELINUX=disabled #此处修改为disabled***
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

接下来修改系统参数，在Root用户下执行以下步骤：

1）修改用户的 SHELL 的限制（资源限制），修改 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件：

$ vi /etc/security/limits.conf

按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件:

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

编辑完成后按Esc键，输入“:wq”存盘退出

2）修改 /etc/pam.d/login 文件

查找pam_limits.so文件位置：

$ find / -name pam_limits.so

获取路径/usr/lib64/security/pam_limits.so

$ vi /etc/pam.d/login

按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件:

session required /usr/lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

编辑完成后按Esc键，输入“:wq”存盘退出

3）修改 linux 内核，修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件

$ vi /etc/sysctl.conf

按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件

fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

编辑完成后按Esc键，输入“:wq”存盘退出

4）要使 /etc/sysctl.conf更改立即生效，执行以下命令

$ sysctl -p

显示如下：

linux:~ $ sysctl -p
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

5）编辑 /etc/profile

$ vi /etc/profile

按i键进入编辑模式，将下列内容加入该文件

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

编辑完成后按 Esc 键，输入“:wq”存盘退出

6）创建相关用户和组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle  #创建oracle用户，归属oinstall和dba两个组
groups oracle  # 验证oracle对应的组
passwd oracle

7）创建目录及更改权限

[root@cdh02 /]# mkdir -p /data/oracle
[root@cdh02 /]# mkdir -p /data/oraInventory
[root@cdh02 /]# mkdir -p /data/database
[root@cdh02 /]# cd /data  #验证创建情况
[root@cdh02 data]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 11 11:36 database
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 11 11:36 oracle
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 11 11:36 oraInventory
[root@cdh02 data]# cd ..
[root@cdh02 /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle  #改变目录属主为oracle
[root@cdh02 /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oraInventory
[root@cdh02 /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/database
[root@cdh02 /]# ll /data
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 6 Jul 11 11:36 database
drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 6 Jul 11 11:36 oracle
drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 6 Jul 11 11:36 oraInventory

8）修改内核版本名称

因为oracle默认不支持在centos7上安装，所以改为redhat-7

[root@cdh02 /]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@cdh02 /]# cp /etc/redhat-release /etc/redhat-release.bak #备份
[root@cdh02 /]# vi /etc/redhat-release
redhat-7

9）安装依赖包

yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers gl ibc-static kernel-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libstdc++-static make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

10）修改用户oracle环境变量

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

# 注释下面两行
# PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin  
# export PATH 

# 添加下面内容
export ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle  # 数据库安装路径
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1 
export ORACLE_SID=orcl  # 实例名
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm 
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib 
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

退出后用root用户执行下面命令，使该配置文件即时生效。

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

安装Oracle数据库

1）使用VNC远程连接服务器

2）将oracle11g安装包拷贝到centos，解压到/data/database

[root@cdh02 data]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip -d /data/database
[root@cdh02 data]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip -d /data/database
[root@cdh02 data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/database  # 修改所有者

3）开始安装oracle数据库

[root@cdh02 data]# su oracle  #切换到oracle用户安装
[oracle@cdh02 data]$ cd /database/database  #进入解压后的路径
[oracle@cdh02 database]$ ./runInstaller  #执行安装程序

4）解决DISPLAY报错

报错信息如下：

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 99804 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 8191 MB    Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors
    >>> Could not execute auto check for display colors using command /usr/bin/xdpyinfo. Check if the DISPLAY variable is set.    Failed <<<<

Some requirement checks failed. You must fulfill these requirements before

continuing with the installation,

解决方法：

[root@cdh02 src]# DISPLAY=:0.0;export DISPLAY
[root@cdh02 src]# echo $DISPLAY
[root@cdh02 src]# find / -name "xhost"
/usr/bin/xhost
[root@cdh02 src]# cd /usr/bin/
[root@cdh02 bin]# ./xhost
[root@cdh02 bin]# ./xhost +
[root@cdh02 bin]# su oracle
[oracle@cdh02 bin]$ DISPLAY=:0.0;export DISPLAY
[oracle@cdh02 bin]$ echo $DISPLAY

5）如执行./runInstaller不报错，但长时间没有弹出Oracle安装页面，则参考：

6）安装具体步骤：

仅安装数据库软件

单实例安装

语言添加Simplified Chinese

这里提示pdksh缺失，手动安装一下即可：

百度云：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mg2E5AKMy4ELfCzrAGUsdA
提取码：7peq

rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.i386.rpm --nodeps

最后一步，保留安装过程，新开一个xshell窗口，按提示要求用root登录并执行以下脚本，然后回到此界面点击OK。

[root@cdh02 /]# /data/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /data/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /data/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@cdh02 /]# /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g 

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:  # 这里直接回车
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
......

配置Oracle监听

使用oracle用户登录，执行netca 命令进入可视化监听配置界面，一路Next完成

[oracle@cdh02 ~]$ whereis netca
netca: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/netca
[oracle@cdh02 ~]$ cd /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/
[oracle@cdh02 ~]$ netca

监听配置完成。

创建Oracle创建实例：

[oracle@cdh02 bin]$ dbca  #执行配置程序

据环境变量中设置的 ORACLE_SID 设置数据库名称和SID，这里设置的是：orcl

设置密码

设置中文编码

点击Exit，部署完成。

验证是否安装成功

在centos中用sys用户登录，验证是否正常能正常登陆

[oracle@cdh02 db_1]$ sqlplus sys/password as sysdba


SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat Jul 11 14:07:00 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> SELECT * FROM v$pwfile_users;

SQL> exit;