zabbix linux监控模板 zabbix监控linux服务器

搭建Zabbix监控

一，搭建Zabbix监控 服务器 192.168.4.21

1.1 部署服务运行环境 （LAMP/LNMP）

1.2 安装zabbix 软件（源码）

 软件包：

    zabbix-3.2.3.tar.gz

    php-bcmath-5.4.45-13.el7.remi.x86_64.rpm    

    php-mbstring-5.4.45-13.el7.remi.x86_64.rpm

1.2.1 安装准备

# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++//安装编译工具

# rpm -q gcc gcc-c++

gcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64

gcc-c++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64

# useradd zabbix//创建运行帐号

1.2.2 安装Zabbix

       

# tar -zxf zabbix-3.2.3.tar.gz 
        # cd zabbix-3.2.3/
        # ./configure --help
          --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                                  [/usr/local]
          --enable-server         Turn on build of Zabbix server
          --enable-agent          Turn on build of Zabbix agent and client utilities
          --with-mysql[=ARG]      use MySQL client library [default=no], optionally
                                  specify path to mysql_config
        
        # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql
        ...
        Now run 'make install'  
        ...
        # make install
        # ls /usr/local/zabbix/
        bin  etc  lib  sbin  share

        

1.2.3 做初始化配置

# cp -r frontends/php/ /var/www/html/zabbix
        # ls /var/www/html/zabbix/
        # mysql -uroot -p123456
        MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbixdb;
        MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on zabbixdb.* to zabbixuser@'localhost' identified by '123456';
        # cd /root/zabbix/zabbix-3.2.3/database/mysql/
        # ls 
        data.sql  images.sql  schema.sql
        # mysql -uzabbixuser -p123456 zabbixdb < schema.sql 
        # mysql -uzabbixuser -p123456 zabbixdb < images.sql 
        # mysql -uzabbixuser -p123456 zabbixdb < data.sql 
        # firefox http://192.168.4.21/zabbix

        

  

         # vim /etc/php.ini 

         672 post_max_size = 16M

         384 max_execution_time = 300

         394 max_input_time = 300

   

     

      

# yum list | grep -i php-gd
        php-gd.x86_64                           5.4.16-36.el7_1            dvd          
        # yum -y install php-gd.x86_64
        # yum list | grep -i php-xml
        php-xml.x86_64                          5.4.16-36.el7_1            dvd          
        php-xmlrpc.x86_64                       5.4.16-36.el7_1            dvd          
        # yum -y install php-xml
        # rpm -ivh --nodeps php-mbstring-5.4.45-13.el7.remi.x86_64.rpm 
        # rpm -ivh --nodeps php-bcmath-5.4.45-13.el7.remi.x86_64.rpm

        

# chmod o+w /var/www/html/zabbix/conf
        # ls /var/www/html/zabbix/conf
        maintenance.inc.php  zabbix.conf.php  zabbix.conf.php.example
        # cat /var/www/html/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php
        <?php
        // Zabbix GUI configuration file.
        global $DB;
        
        $DB['TYPE']     = 'MYSQL';
        $DB['SERVER']   = 'localhost';
        $DB['PORT']     = '0';
        $DB['DATABASE'] = 'zabbixdb';
        $DB['USER']     = 'zabbixuser';
        $DB['PASSWORD'] = '123456';
        
        // Schema name. Used for IBM DB2 and PostgreSQL.
        $DB['SCHEMA'] = '';
        
        $ZBX_SERVER      = '192.168.4.21';
        $ZBX_SERVER_PORT = '10051';
        $ZBX_SERVER_NAME = 'monitor_server';
        
        $IMAGE_FORMAT_DEFAULT = IMAGE_FORMAT_PNG;

登录管理页面

初始用户名 admin  初始密码 zabbix

软件使用 ：修改语言 修改管理员登录密码 监控模版 监控主机

1.2.4 修改配置文件

# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
 38 LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.log//日志 记录启动信息 
 87 DBName=zabbixdb
103 DBUser=zabbixuser
111 DBPassword=123456

# cp /root/zabbix/zabbix-3.2.3/misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_server /etc/init.d/
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_server 
# sed -i '22s;/usr/local;/usr/local/zabbix;' /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
# sed -n '22p' /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix/
1.2.5 启动服务
# chkconfig --add zabbix_server
# chkconfig --list zabbix_server
# systemctl start zabbix_server
# systemctl status zabbix_server
# systemctl enable zabbix_server
# netstat -pantu | grep :10051
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10051           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      29635/zabbix_server 
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.21:40338      192.168.4.21:10051      TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.21:40337      192.168.4.21:10051      TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.21:40336      192.168.4.21:10051      TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.21:40335      192.168.4.21:10051      TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.21:40334      192.168.4.21:10051      TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.21:40339      192.168.4.21:10051      TIME_WAIT   -

二，监控远端主机 192.168.4.12

2.1.1 配置被监控端 12 

 a 运行 zabbix_agentd 服务 ： 装包 修改配置文件 启动服务

# rpm -q gcc gcc-c++
gcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64
# useradd zabbix
# tar -zxf zabbix-3.2.3.tar.gz 
# cd zabbix-3.2.3/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-agent
# make install
# ls /usr/local/zabbix/
bin  etc  lib  sbin  share
# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
 30 LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_agentd.log//服务日志文件 目录 
 91 Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.4.21//允许连接服务地址
132 ServerActive=192.168.4.21:10051//监控服务器的IP 和端口
# cp misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 
# chkconfig --add zabbix_agentd
# sed -i '22s;/usr/local;/usr/local/zabbix;' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 
# sed -n '22p' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start zabbix_agentd
# systemctl enable zabbix_agentd
# netstat -pantu | grep :10050
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10050           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      17579/zabbix_agentd

2.1.2 配置监控服务器 21 

登录管理界面 添加监控新主机 查看监控信息

三.监控本机

a 运行 zabbix_agentd 服务 ： 修改配置文件 启动服务
# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
# sed -n '132p' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
ServerActive=127.0.0.1:10051
# cp /root/zabbix/zabbix-3.2.3/misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 
# chkconfig --add zabbix_agentd
# sed -i '22s;/usr/local;/usr/local/zabbix;' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 
# sed -n '22p' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start zabbix_agentd
# systemctl enable zabbix_agentd
# netstat -pantu | grep :10050
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10050           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      4970/zabbix_agentd 
b 登录管理界面 添加监控新主机 查看监控信息
系统自动生成监控主机 主机名为Zabbix server

四. 自定义监控

环境准备 监控主机192.168.4.3上 sshd httpd

# systemctl stop firewalld
# setenforce 0
# sed -n '42p' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
Listen 8090
# systemctl restart httpd
# netstat -pantu | grep httpd
tcp6       0      0 :::8090                 :::*                    LISTEN      2994/httpd 
# sed -n '17p' /etc/ssh/sshd_config 
Port 2222
# systemctl restart sshd
# netstat -pantu | grep sshd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:2222            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3085/sshd  
# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
# useradd zabbix
# scp 192.168.4.21:/root/zabbix/zabbix-3.2.3.tar.gz  /root/
# tar -zxf zabbix-3.2.3.tar.gz 
# cd zabbix-3.2.3/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-agent
# make install
# ls /usr/local/zabbix/
bin  etc  lib  sbin  share
# sed -ri  '91s/(.*)/\1,192.168.4.21/' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
# sed  -n '91p;' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.4.21
# sed -i '132s/172.0.0.1/192.168.4.21:10051/' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
# sed -n '132p' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
ServerActive=192.168.4.21:10051
# cp /root/zabbix-3.2.3/misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 
# sed -i '22s;/usr/local;/usr/local/zabbix;' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
# sed -n '22p' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix
# chkconfig --add zabbix_agentd
# systemctl enable zabbix_agentd
# systemctl start zabbix_agentd
# netstat -pantu | grep :10050
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10050           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      10480/zabbix_agentd

使用软件自带的命令定义监控项

 1）创建监控模版  amytmp

 配置 ---> 模版 ---> 创建模版 

 

2）创建应用集someser

 3）创建监控项（名称 命令）

 

4）监控主机时 调用自定义模版

 5）查看监控信息

 测试 监控信息

# systemctl stop httpd

五.自定义命令 定义监控项

1）配置被监控端 主机3

a 启用自定义监控项功能

# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
 263 Include=/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/*.conf//声明自定义监控命令文件目录
 278 UnsafeUserParameters=1//允许自定义
 282 #       Format: UserParameter=<key>,<shell command>//定义命名规范
b 定义监控命令
# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/getuser.conf
 UserParameter=get_sum_users,cat /etc/passwd | wc -l
 UserParameter=get_login_users,grep -c "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd
 UserParameter=get_nologin_users,grep -v -c "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd
c 重启服务 zabbix_agentd
# systemctl restart zabbix_agentd.service
# netstat -pantu | grep zabbix_agentd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10050           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      6399/zabbix_agentd

d 测试配置
# cd /usr/local/zabbix/bin/
# ls
 zabbix_get  zabbix_sender
# ./zabbix_get -h//查看命令帮助
# ./zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -p 10050 -k get_sum_users
 45
# ./zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -p 10050 -k get_login_users
 3
# ./zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -p 10050 -k get_nologin_users
 42
2）配置监控服务器
a 测试能否时用监控端定义的命令
# cd /usr/local/zabbix/bin/
# ls
 zabbix_get  zabbix_sender
# ./zabbix_get -s 192.168.4.3 -p 10050 -k get_sum_users
 45
# ./zabbix_get -s 192.168.4.3 -p 10050 -k get_login_users
 3
# ./zabbix_get -s 192.168.4.3 -p 10050 -k get_nologin_users
 42
b 在自定义应用集添加 新的监控项（名字命令）

        c 监控主机时 调用自定义模版

d 查看监控信息

 测试 监控信息

# useradd test

六. 监控报警

监控 主机3 当系统的总用户数大于50时 发报警邮件 

给 zabbix@localhost 邮箱帐号

1）准备邮件服务器

# systemctl restart postfix.service
//收件人  zabbix@localhost
//发件人  root@localhost
测试邮件服务器
# echo 'test' | mail -s 'test'  zabbix
# mail -u zabbix
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/zabbix": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Wed Jan 10 22:23  18/595   "test"
&

2) 创建触发器 名称 ---> 监控项名称

3）创建动作   名称 ---> 动作：发邮件

3） 指定收件人 

4） 指定邮件服务器

5）测试：触发器被触发后 收件人是否收到邮件  

# useradd test1
# useradd test2
# useradd test3
# useradd test4
# useradd test5
# cat /etc/passwd | wc -l
51

//查看本机 邮箱 
# mail -u zabbix
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/zabbix": 2 messages 1 new 2 unread
 U  1 root                  Wed Jan 10 22:23  19/605   "test"
>N  2 [e-mail]  Wed Jan 10 22:50  22/996   "taruserbig50"
& 2
Message  2:
From [e-mail]  Wed Jan 10 22:50:03 2018
Return-Path: <[e-mail]>
X-Original-To: zabbix@localhost
Delivered-To: [e-mail]
From: <[e-mail]>
To: <[e-mail]>
Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2018 22:50:03 -0500
Subject: taruserbig50
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
Status: R

Trigger: taruserbig50
Trigger status: PROBLEM
Trigger severity: Warning
Trigger URL: 

Item values:

1. sumusers (host3:get_sum_users): 51
2. *UNKNOWN* (*UNKNOWN*:*UNKNOWN*): *UNKNOWN*
3. *UNKNOWN* (*UNKNOWN*:*UNKNOWN*): *UNKNOWN*

Original event ID: 26& 


# userdel -r test5
# userdel -r test4
# userdel -r test3
# userdel -r test2
# cat /etc/passwd | wc -l
47

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/13558754/2060003