esxi7官方下载地址

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mob64ca14068b0b 2024-09-14 21:38:58

文章标签 esxi7官方下载地址开发工具 shell 数据库 oracle 文章分类 架构后端开发

虚拟机： VMWare ESXi 5.0 / VMWorkstation 8.0
主机环境：RedHat Enterprise Linux 5 / CentOS 5.8 / CentOS 6.2
数据库： Oracle11gR2.0.1 / Oracle11gR2.0.3

1。操作系统安装，RHEL5的安装比较简单，只对其中的重点进行说明
磁盘分区：这一部分需非常注意，尤其是SWAP分区的大小，应该是RAM的1~·1.5倍大小

Package安装部分，选择Customize now，勾选中以下Package Groups：

Desktop Environments

GNOME Desktop Environment

Applications

Editors

Graphical Internet

Text-based Internet

Development

Development Libraries

Development Tools

Legacy Software Development

Servers

Server Configuration Tools

Base System

Administration Tools

Base

Java

Legacy Software Support

System Tools
X Window System

CentOS 安装mini desktop 即可

共享内存：这个值在/etc/fstab文件中配置，用 df -h /dev/shm查看默认情况下，RHEL5会使用50%RAM来使用，我手工指定一个最大值

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=3276M 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0

修改之后需要重新加载

[root@enterprice64 ~]# umount /dev/shm
[root@enterprice64 ~]# mount /dev/shm

# rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' \binutils compat-db

# yum -y install binutils compat-db compat-gcc-34 compat-gcc-34-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-* libXp.so.6 libXt.so.6 libXtst.so.6 libgcc_s.so.1 ksh libXp libaio-devel numactl numactl-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel pdksh

如果：pdksh包在CentOS环境下yum不到，需要手工安装

# rpm -e ksh 如果和 ksh有冲突，可以把ksh卸载掉

# rpm -i pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.i386.rpm

# rpm -i pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm2。

2．准备工作

系统服务：禁用掉一些系统服务，也可以进行细粒度设置

chkconfig iptables off

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config （连接目录是 /etc/sysconfig/selinux）

内核参数：在 /etc/sysctl.conf文件中修改/添加如下内核参数

------- 11g配置-------------------

kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

------- 10g配置-------------------

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max=65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=1048576
net.core.rmem_max=1048576
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144

参数修改之后，使用 /sbin/sysctl -p 把参数立刻生效

Shell Limits配置：为了让Oracle数据库在Linux系统上获得更佳的表现，Oracle推荐对Shell Limits进行配置

vi /etc/security/limits.conf
# Added for Oracle Shell Limits

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240

vi /etc/pam.d/login
# Added for Oracle Shell Limits
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

如果是CentOS 5上安装Oracle10gR2，还需要修改这里，满足OUI的安装检查

cp /etc/redhat-release /etc/redhat-release.original
echo “redhat-4″ > /etc/redhat-release

创建用户，组，目录

组和用户 
# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall 
# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba 
# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -m oracle 
# passwd oracle 安装目录 
# mkdir -p /u01/app/ 
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ 
# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/ 环境变量 
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle 
export ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_BASE}/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 
export ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=${ORACLE_HOME} 
export ORACLE_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/rdbms/admin 
export ORACLE_SID=data 
export PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin 
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/lib 
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8  

3  安装数据库之后的配置 修改默认的初始化参数 
-- enable AMM 
alter system set memory_max_target=1000m scope=spfile; 
alter system set memory_target=1000m scope=spfile; 
alter system set sga_target=0 scope=spfile; 
alter system set pga_aggregate_target=0 scope=spfile; 
-- misc 
alter system set processes=1000 scope=spfile; 
alter system set open_cursors=3000; 
alter system set undo_retention=86400; 
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=8G; 
-- archive log 
-- mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/archived 
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/archived/'; 
alter system set log_archive_format = '%T_%S_%r.arc' scope=spfile; 
-- startup mount 
-- alter database archivelog; 
静态监听：默认是动态监听，可以设置成静态
LISTENER =  
  (DESCRIPTION =  
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))  
  )  

SID_LIST_LISTENER =  
  (SID_LIST =  
    (SID_DESC =  
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = data)  
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)  
      (SID_NAME = data)  
    )  
  ) 
TNSNAMES.ORADATA211 =  
  (DESCRIPTION =  
    (ADDRESS_LIST =  
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.254.211)(PORT = 1521))  
    )  
    (CONNECT_DATA =  
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)  
      (SERVICE_NAME = data)  
    )  
  )  
4。 其他 

中文乱码 
如果有中文乱码，设置 export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8 
VIM显示GBK 
Vim中可以直接查看文件编码 :set fileencoding 即可显示文件编码格式。  
文件编码转换 
如果想查看其它编码格式的文件或者想解决用Vim查看文件乱码的问题，那么可以在 
~/.vimrc 文件中添加以下内容： 
set encoding=utf-8 fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936 

其中encoding是vim的默认显示编码格式，fileencodings是vim打开文件时检测的编码格式，存在这种类型的编码即转换为utf-8编码。 
这样，就可以让vim自动识别文件编码（可以自动识别UTF-8或者GBK编码的文件），其实就是依照fileencodings提供的编码列表尝试，如果没有找到合适的编码，就用latin-1(ASCII)编码打开。

RLWrap

安装 rlwrap 实现 sqlplus 上下键功能

PS:如果不想安装，看这里转载：Static Version of rlwrap for sqlplus

如果默认没有安装readline，OS的安装光盘里提供了readline包.

# rpm -Uvh readline*
error: Failed dependencies: libtermcap-devel is needed by readline-devel-5.1-1.1.i386.rpm
# rpm -Uvh libtermcap-devel-2.0.8-46.1.i386.rpm
# rpm -Uvh readline*
package readline-5.1-1.1 is already installed
# rpm -Uvh readline-devel-5.1-1.1.i386.rpm

安装rlwrap

Download：
http://utopia.knoware.nl/~hlub/uck/rlwrap/rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz

# tar -zxvf rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz
# cd rlwrap-0.30
# ./configure
# make
# make install

# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
添加
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'

自动启动

# vi /etc/oratab 
data:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y 

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart  和 dbshut 
# First argument is used to bring up Oracle Net Listener 
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME 

方法1：# vi /etc/rc.local 
su - oracle -c "dbstart" 
su - oracle -c "emctl start dbconsole" 方法2：
# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d 
# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle11g 
#!/bin/bash 
# chkconfig: 345 99 10 
# description: Startup Script for Oracle Databases 
# /etc/init.d/oracle11gexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle 
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 
export ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME 
export ORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin 
export ORACLE_SID=data 
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bincase "$1" in 
    start) 
    su oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart" 
    su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole" 
    touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle11g 
    echo "OK" 
    ;; 
stop) 
    echo -n "Shutdown Oracle: " 
    su oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut" 
    rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle11g 
    echo "OK" 
    ;; 
*) 
    echo "Usage: '$0' start|stop" 
    exit 1esac 
exit 0 
可以使用chkconfig工具来配置自动启动
# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d 
# chmod +x oracle11g 
# chkconfig –add oracle11g 
# chkconfig oracle11g on 
也可以手工建立软连接
# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle11g /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S99oracle11g 
# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle11g /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S99oracle11g 
# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle11g /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S99oracle11g 
# 
# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle11g /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/K10oracle11g 
# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle11g /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/K10oracle11g 
# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle11g /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/K10oracle11g

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