dockerfile配置yum源 dockerfile yum not found

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mob64ca1404476b 2023-09-03 15:41:41

文章标签 dockerfile配置yum源 docker linux 运维 centos 文章分类 Docker 云计算

最小化安装ifconfig命令无:(网络排查)

安装过程中可能会出现的问题:

1.正在处理依赖关系 docker-ce-selinux >= 17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos，它被软件包 docker-ce-17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 需要
软件包 docker-ce-selinux 已经被 docker-ce-cli 取代，但是取代的软件包并未满足需求”
等一大串的问题

这时我们需要通过 yum install 安装一个rpm包

通过这个地址我们查看和我们安装docker版本一直的rpm包
Index of linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/

初装centos 7时，运行config报 command not found 错误

环境变量里没有ifconfig命令的路径，因为ifconfig是在/sbin路径下的，以root用户登录才可以运行

解决办法是：yum安装ifconfig这个命令包

yum search ifconfig

通过yum search 这个命令我们发现ifconfig这个命令是在net-tools.x86_64这个包里，接下来我们安装这个包就行了

yum install net-tools.x86_64

ifconfig 看到对应输出

ifconfig命令来源于net-tools,这个包里有ifconfig, netstat, whois等命令

查看磁盘空间相关命令

df -hl 查看磁盘的剩余空间

df --h 查看某个根路径的分区大小

du -sh [目录名] 返回该目录的大小

du -sm [文件夹] 返回该文件夹总M数

du -h [目录名] 查看指定文件夹下的所有文件大小（包含子文件夹）

查看硬盘的分区 #sudo fdisk -l

查看IDE硬盘信息 #sudo hdparm -i /dev/hda

查看STAT硬盘信息 #sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda 或 #sudo apt-get install blktool #sudo blktool /dev/sda id

查看硬盘剩余空间 #df -h #df -H

优盘没法卸载 #sync fuser -km /media/usbdisk

磁盘空间不足排查(拍错:write error in swap file)

查看了一下磁盘空间，原因在于磁盘空间不够，于是执行命令:

df -h

查看该目录下的文件占用的磁盘空间,并排序

cd /

du -sh * | sort -n

====================================结果如下================================

1.4G tools
4.0K dump6379.rdb
4.0K dump6380.rdb
4.0K dump.rdb
4.0K server
8.7M run
16G usr    ---- 这个目录下的文件占了16G
35M etc
36K zookeeper.out
92K home
96K data
100M boot
244K root
404K tmp
481M var
查看网卡的配置情况
vi  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777728 
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="dhcp"  # nat会自动根据宿主主机进行获取ip,更网关密切相关192.168.227.2
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eno16777728"
UUID="9d23808e-b03e-48cd-a6d1-67e7e2165971"
DEVICE="eno16777728"
ONBOOT="yes"
配置静态IP
TYPE="Ethernet"
 BOOTPROTO="Static"
 DEFROUTE="yes"
 PEERDNS="yes"
 PEERROUTES="yes"
 IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
 IPV6INIT="yes"
 IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
 IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
 IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
 IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
 IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
 NAME="eno16777728"
 IPADDR=192.168.227.131
 NETMASK=255.255.255.0
 GATEWAY=192.168.227.2
 DNS1=192.168.227.2  ----宿主虚拟机网关
 UUID="e7b1f4e9-d4d5-4f63-a898-2f85f778c797"
 DEVICE="eno16777728"
 ONBOOT="yes"配置dns
vi  /etc/resolv.conf
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.227.2     # 在虚拟机查找,该配置为虚拟机的网关
配置如下图:
systemctl status network  查看当前网卡状态(发现下面的错误信息)
network[25416]: Bringing up loopback interface:  Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Nov 12 12:35:41 node-1 network[25416]: Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Nov 12 12:35:41 node-1 network[25416]: Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Nov 12 12:35:41 node-1 network[25416]: Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
解决方案：
发现无法加载/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo文件
给NetworkManager-wait-online服务设置开机自启动
systemctl enable NetworkManager-wait-online.service
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager
systemctl restart network  
systemctl status network
网卡信息说明:
ifconfig
1. eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
2.        inet 192.168.227.136  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.227.255
3.        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fed6:eb4d  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
4.        ether 00:0c:29:d6:eb:4d  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
5.        RX packets 120  bytes 11277 (11.0 KiB)
6.        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
7.        TX packets 77  bytes 12429 (12.1 KiB)
8.        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
1. lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
10.        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
11.        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
12.        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
13.        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
14.        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
15.        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
16.        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eno16777728 是网卡接口,address是分配给指定该接口的主机名或者IP地址

Linux系统中的网卡Io为本地环回接口,IP地址固定为127.0.0.1,子网掩码8位,表示本机

ifconfig eno16777728

第1行: UP 表示此网络接口为启用状态,RUNNING表示网卡设备已连接,MULTICAST 表示支持组播,MTU为数据包最大传输单元

第2行:依次为网卡IP,子网掩码,广播地址

第3行: ipv6地址

第4行:Ethernet(以太网),表示连接类型,ether为网卡的MAC地址

第5行:接收数据包个数,大小统计信息

route -n 显示所有的路由表

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

0.0.0.0 192.168.227.2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eno16777728

169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eno16777728

192.168.227.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eno16777728

检查kernel版本，确定overlay的内核模块是否加载
[root@docker-02 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
安装Docker 最新版本,执行下面的命令

==========================yum安装最新docker(一)==========================

[root@docker-02 ~]# yum install docker bridge-utils -y
启动docker
[root@docker-02 ~]# systemctl start docker

启动的过程发生了一点下错误

● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
    Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 六 2020-04-25 18:51:13 CST; 30s ago
      Docs: http://docs.docker.com
  Main PID: 25435 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

解决方案:

　　意思是此linux的内核中的SELinux不支持 overlay2 graph driver

　　重新编辑docker配置文件：

解决方案:
vi /etc/sysconfig/docker

OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false'
改为下面这一行

OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled=false --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false'

设置开机启动

[root@docker-02 ~]# systemctl enable docker

查看当前 docker0 ip

[root@docker-02 ~]# ifconfig docker0
 docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
         inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
         ether 02:42:4e:9b:b8:52  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
         RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
         TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
  [root@docker-02 ~]# ip addr
 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
     inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
 2: eno16777728: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
     link/ether 00:0c:29:78:21:c4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
     inet 192.168.227.132/24 brd 192.168.227.255 scope global dynamic eno16777728
        valid_lft 1541sec preferred_lft 1541sec
     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe78:21c4/64 scope link 
        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
 3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN 
     link/ether 02:42:4e:9b:b8:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
     inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0
        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever拉取镜像
[root@docker-02 ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
8a29a15cefae: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:fe8d824220415eed5477b63addf40fb06c3b049404242b31982106ac204f6700
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:latest
查看已经拉取到的镜像
[root@docker-02 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/centos    latest              470671670cac        3 months ago        237 MB
运行镜像centos 并指定名称为my-test，后台运行
[root@docker-02 ~]# docker run -itd --name my-test centos /bin/bash
5c7b37d5c51f2d3133d47e3955834c4f84114589b3a22403b178c5cfb45bd731
查看当前正在运行的容器
[root@docker-02 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
5c7b37d5c51f        centos              "/bin/bash"         28 seconds ago      Up 27 seconds                           my-test
查看容器的默认分配的IP地址
[root@docker-02 ~]# docker inspect 5c7b37d5c51f |grep -i ipaddr
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
[root@docker-02 ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
1
进入容器my-test
[root@docker-02 ~]# docker exec -it my-test /bin/bash
ping 外网是否通
[root@5c7b37d5c51f /]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (220.181.38.149) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (220.181.38.149): icmp_seq=1 ttl=127 time=9.65 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (220.181.38.149): icmp_seq=2 ttl=127 time=9.13 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (220.181.38.149): icmp_seq=3 ttl=127 time=6.70 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (220.181.38.149): icmp_seq=4 ttl=127 time=6.79 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (220.181.38.149): icmp_seq=5 ttl=127 time=8.17 ms

到此docker拉取的镜像能够连接外网了

dockerfile配置yum源 dockerfile yum not found_docker