springboot对接stripe的checkout

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mob64ca1402d47a 2024-11-06 19:08:36

文章标签 java 测试 json spring JSON 文章分类 架构后端开发

导读

在目前接触过的项目中大多数的项目都会涉及到： crud相关的操作，哪如何优雅的编写crud操作呢？
带着这个问题，我们发现项目中大量的操作多是创建实体、删除实例、修改实体、查询单个实体、分页查询多个实体，我们有没有好的方式解决呢？
下面我给出crud编写的四种方式循序渐进，并分析其优势劣势，希望有一种能适合你，如果你有其他方式可以留言讨论，在此权当抛砖引玉。

以下内容基于Spring Boot 、Spring MVC、 Spring Data JPA 如果你使用的也是相同的技术栈可以继续往下阅读，如果不是可以当作参考。

crud编写的四种方式

1 裸写crud

最简单最粗暴也是使用最多的一种方式，在写的多了之后可以用生成工具生成。

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author yangrd
 * @date 2019/3/4
 **/
@AllArgsConstructor

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/banner")
public class BannerController {

    private BannerRepository repository;

    @PostMapping
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.CREATED)
    public Banner save(Banner banner) {
        return repository.save(banner);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
    public void delete(@PathVariable Long id) {
        repository.deleteById(id);
    }

    @PutMapping("/{id}")
    public void update(@PathVariable("id") Banner db, @RequestBody Banner banner) {
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(banner, db);
        repository.save(db);
    }

    @GetMapping
    public Page<Banner> findAll(Pageable pageable) {
        return repository.findAll(pageable);
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Banner finOne(@PathVariable("id") Banner banner) {
        return banner;
    }
}

优势：能控制到代码的每一行并非所有的增删改查都需要

劣势：在业务简单的情况下会编写大量的类似代码这个时候我们可以用泛型与继承解决引出 AbstractCrudController

2 extend BaseCrudController

使用抽象的能力，通过抽象类对相同的代码进行封装，减少子类继续编写重复的代码。

import com.st.cms.common.spring.jpa.AbstractEntity;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * @author yangrd
 * @date 2019/3/1
 **/
public abstract class BaseCrudController<T extends AbstractEntity, D extends JpaRepository<T, String>> {

    @Autowired
    protected D repository;

    @PostMapping
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.CREATED)
    public T save(@RequestBody T t) {
        return repository.save(t);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
    public void delete(@PathVariable("id") String id) {
        repository.deleteById(id);
    }

    @PutMapping("/{id}")
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
    public void update(@PathVariable("id") T dbData, @RequestBody T t) {
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(t, dbData,"id");
        repository.saveAndFlush(dbData);
    }


    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public T get(@PathVariable("id") T t) {
        return t;
    }

}

import com.st.cms.common.spring.mvc.BaseCrudController;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author yangrd
 * @date 2019/3/4
 **/
@AllArgsConstructor

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/banner")
public class BannerController extends BaseCrudController<Banner,BannerRepository> {

}

优势：在简单的crud操作中通过泛型与继承减少编写大量增删改查的方法

劣势：在findAll方法中入参数不好控制，通过HttpServletRequest可以解决这个问题但有会引入大量的获取值的方法因此BaseCrudController中不提供 findAll 方法由用户编写

3 spring data rest

引入spring-boot-starter-data-rest，crud操作可以直接http调用，感兴趣的可以翻看官方文档

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
    </dependency>

优势：spring 家的东西可以很好的与spring boot 整合只需引入一个依赖即可

劣势：和之前业务中返回的数据格式内容不同（此处也是好处更统一规范，如果一开始前后端约定好数据格式就没有什么太大的问题）

4 ControllerHelper

重点来了哈哈直接上代码

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanWrapper;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.FatalBeanException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.*;

import static org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.getPropertyDescriptor;
import static org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.getPropertyDescriptors;

/**
 * @author yangrd
 * @date 2019/3/1
 **/
@Slf4j

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class ControllerHelper implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private MappingManager mappingManager;

    @PostMapping("/{repository}")
    public ResponseEntity create(@PathVariable String repository, @RequestBody String reqJSON) {
        return mappingManager.getJpaRepository(repository).map(repo -> {
            Object object = mappingManager.getEntityObj(repository);
            Object req = JSON.parseObject(reqJSON, object.getClass());
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(req, object);
            return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED).body(repo.saveAndFlush(object));
        }).
                orElseGet(() -> ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{repository}/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity delete(@PathVariable String repository, @PathVariable Long id) {
        return mappingManager.getJpaRepository(repository).map(repo -> {
            repo.deleteById(id);
            return ResponseEntity.noContent().build();
        }).
                orElseGet(() -> ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
    }

    @PutMapping("/{repository}/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity update(@PathVariable String repository, @PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody String reqJSON) {
        return mappingManager.getJpaRepository(repository).map(repo -> {
            repo.findById(id).ifPresent(db -> {
                Object req = JSON.parseObject(reqJSON, db.getClass());
                BeanUtils.copyProperties(req, db);
                repo.saveAndFlush(db);
            });
            return ResponseEntity.noContent().build();
        }).
                orElseGet(() -> ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
    }


    @GetMapping("/{repository}/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity get(@PathVariable String repository, @PathVariable Long id) {
        return mappingManager.getJpaRepository(repository).map(repo -> ResponseEntity.ok(repo.findById(id))).
                orElseGet(() -> ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
    }

    @GetMapping("/{repository}")
    public ResponseEntity get(@PathVariable String repository, Pageable pageable) {
        return mappingManager.getJpaRepository(repository).map(repo -> ResponseEntity.ok(repo.findAll(pageable))).
                orElseGet(() -> ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
    }

    class MappingManager {
        private Map<String, JpaRepository> entity4Repositories = new HashMap<>();
        private Map<String, Class> entity4Class = new HashMap<>();

        MappingManager(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
            Map<String, JpaRepository> repositoryBeans = applicationContext.getBeansOfType(JpaRepository.class);
            repositoryBeans.forEach((repositoryName, repositoryBean) -> {
                Class entityClass = MappingSupport.getEntityClass(repositoryBean);
                String entityClassName = MappingSupport.getEntityName(entityClass);
                entity4Repositories.put(entityClassName, repositoryBean);
                entity4Class.put(entityClassName, entityClass);
            });
        }

        public Optional<JpaRepository> getJpaRepository(String repository) {
            return Optional.ofNullable(entity4Repositories.get(repository));
        }

        public Object getEntityObj(String repository) {
            return Optional.ofNullable(entity4Class.get(repository)).map(clazz -> {
                try {
                    return clazz.newInstance();
                } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return null;
            }).orElseThrow(EntityNotFoundException::new);
        }
    }

    static class MappingSupport {
        static Class getEntityClass(JpaRepository jpaRepository) {
            Type[] jpaInterfacesTypes = jpaRepository.getClass().getGenericInterfaces();
            Type[] type = ((ParameterizedType) ((Class) jpaInterfacesTypes[0]).getGenericInterfaces()[0]).getActualTypeArguments();
            return (Class) type[0];
        }

        static String getEntityName(Class clazz) {
            String simpleName = clazz.getSimpleName();
            return simpleName.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + simpleName.substring(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @author yangrd
     * @date 2018/8/30
     * @see org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils#copyProperties(Object, Object, Class, String...)
     **/
    static class BeanUtils {

        public static <T> T map(Object source, Class<T> targetClass) {
            T targetObj = null;
            try {
                targetObj = targetClass.newInstance();
            } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            copyProperties(source, targetObj);
            return targetObj;
        }

        /**
         * 只拷贝不为null的属性
         *
         * @param source the source bean
         * @param target the target bean
         * @throws BeansException if the copying failed
         */
        public static void copyProperties(Object source, Object target) throws BeansException {
            copyProperties(source, target, null, (String[]) null);
        }

        /**
         * 只拷贝不为null的属性
         *
         * @param source           the source bean
         * @param target           the target bean
         * @param editable         the class (or interface) to restrict property setting to
         * @param ignoreProperties array of property names to ignore
         * @throws BeansException if the copying failed
         * @see BeanWrapper
         */
        private static void copyProperties(Object source, Object target, Class<?> editable, String... ignoreProperties)
                throws BeansException {

            Assert.notNull(source, "Source must not be null");
            Assert.notNull(target, "Target must not be null");

            Class<?> actualEditable = target.getClass();
            if (editable != null) {
                if (!editable.isInstance(target)) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Target class [" + target.getClass().getName() + "] not assignable to Editable class [" + editable.getName() + "]");
                }
                actualEditable = editable;
            }
            PropertyDescriptor[] targetPds = getPropertyDescriptors(actualEditable);
            List<String> ignoreList = (ignoreProperties != null) ? Arrays.asList(ignoreProperties) : null;

            for (PropertyDescriptor targetPd : targetPds) {
                Method writeMethod = targetPd.getWriteMethod();
                if (writeMethod != null && (ignoreProperties == null || (!ignoreList.contains(targetPd.getName())))) {
                    PropertyDescriptor sourcePd = getPropertyDescriptor(source.getClass(), targetPd.getName());
                    if (sourcePd != null) {
                        Method readMethod = sourcePd.getReadMethod();
                        if (readMethod != null &&
                                ClassUtils.isAssignable(writeMethod.getParameterTypes()[0], readMethod.getReturnType())) {
                            try {
                                if (!Modifier.isPublic(readMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers())) {
                                    readMethod.setAccessible(true);
                                }
                                Object value = readMethod.invoke(source);
                                if (value != null) {
                                    //只拷贝不为null的属性 by zhao
                                    if (!Modifier.isPublic(writeMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers())) {
                                        writeMethod.setAccessible(true);
                                    }
                                    writeMethod.invoke(target, value);
                                }
                            } catch (Throwable ex) {
                                throw new FatalBeanException("Could not copy property '" + targetPd.getName() + "' from source to target", ex);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        Assert.notNull(applicationContext, "");
        this.mappingManager = new MappingManager(applicationContext);
    }
}

-
优势：对spring data rest弱势的补充可以在不改变之前习惯的数据格式的情况下狠方便的前移，最重要的是相比于 Abstract 方法可以被覆盖如 findAll 如果你使用如 api/user/{id} spring mvc会优先匹配它而不是 api/{repository}/{id} ，后期可以根据自身业务需要打成jar包放在私服上面方便其他项目使用

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