snmp java 配置 snmp trap java

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mob64ca13ff5b03 2023-08-21 09:29:20

文章标签 snmp java 配置 centos java snmp snmp4j 文章分类 Java 后端开发

SNMP的安装与使用

前言
SNMP安装

Windows下安装
Centos下安装

SNMP4J的使用
Centos下SNMPV3配置

前言

SNMP（简单网络管理协议）是专门设计用于在 IP 网络管理网络节点（服务器、工作站、路由器、交换机及HUBS等）的一种标准协议，它是一种应用层协议。
SNMP协议主要由两大部分构成：SNMP管理站和SNMP代理。SNMP管理站（snmp-server）是一个中心节点，负责收集维护各个SNMP元素的信息，并对这些信息进行处理，最后反馈给网络管理员；
SNMP代理(snmp-agent)是运行在各个被管理的网络节点之上，负责统计该节点的各项信息，并且负责与SNMP管理站交互，接收并执行管理站的命令，上传各种本地的网络信息

SNMP目前共有v1，v2，v3这三个版本：
SNMP v1是SNMP协议的最初版本，不过依然是众多厂家实现SNMP基本方式。
SNMP v2通常被指是基于community的SNMP V2。Community实质上就是密码。
SNMP v3 是最新版本的SNMP。增加了对认证和密文传输的支持。

SNMP安装

Windows下安装

看截图信息，你懂的

snmp java 配置 snmp trap java_snmp

snmp java 配置 snmp trap java_snmp4j_02

snmp java 配置 snmp trap java_snmp java 配置_03

snmp java 配置 snmp trap java_snmp java 配置_04

Centos下安装

查看snmp服务是否已安装：

rpm -qa |grep snmp

rpm安装命令：

yum install -y net-snmp net-snmp-utils

snmp安装成功后启动命令：(snmp-agent)
service snmpd start 默认端口161
trap监听服务，获取客户端发送的trap：
service snmptrapd start 默认端口162
或使用
snmptrap -df -Lo
命令监听

内网安装如果无法联网，建议自己配置yum源:
配置方法：
1、拷贝完整版的centos镜像到内网机器
2、挂载镜像到本地目录

mount -o loop -t iso9660  <镜像路径>   <挂载目录路径>

3、配置yum源到镜像文件

vim  /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
[centos-yum]                     
name=centosdir                 
baseurl=file:///centosiso/     
enabled=1                        #是否开启仓库源
gpgcheck=0                       #无需检查

SNMP4J的使用

引入snmp4j

compile 'org.snmp4j:snmp4j:2.8.7'

发送trap给Snmp上层管理系统：“端口是162”

import java.io.IOException;

import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;
import org.snmp4j.PDU;
import org.snmp4j.PDUv1;
import org.snmp4j.SNMP4JSettings;
import org.snmp4j.ScopedPDU;
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.UserTarget;
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv3;
import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;
import org.snmp4j.security.AuthMD5;
import org.snmp4j.security.Priv3DES;
import org.snmp4j.security.PrivDES;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityLevel;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityModels;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityProtocols;
import org.snmp4j.security.USM;
import org.snmp4j.security.UsmUser;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.UdpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;

/** 
 * 本类用于发送Trap信息 
 *  
 */  
public class SnmpTrapSender {

    private Snmp snmp = null;

    private Address targetAddress = null;

    private TransportMapping<UdpAddress> transport = null;


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SnmpTrapSender poc = new SnmpTrapSender();

        try {
            poc.init();

            poc.sendV1Trap();

            poc.sendV2cTrap();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    public void init() throws IOException {
        //目标主机的ip地址 和 端口号
        targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse("udp:127.0.0.1/162");
        transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
        snmp = new Snmp(transport);
        transport.listen();
    }

  
    public ResponseEvent sendV1Trap() throws IOException {
        PDUv1 pdu = new PDUv1();
        VariableBinding v = new VariableBinding();
        v.setOid(SnmpConstants.sysName);
        v.setVariable(new OctetString("SnmpV1 Trap  Test"));
        pdu.add(v);
        pdu.setType(PDU.V1TRAP);

        // set target
        CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();
        target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));
        target.setAddress(targetAddress);
        // retry times when commuication error
        target.setRetries(2);
        // timeout
        target.setTimeout(1500);
        target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version1);
        // send pdu, return response
        return snmp.send(pdu, target);
    }

    public ResponseEvent sendV2cTrap() throws IOException {

        PDU pdu = new PDU();
        VariableBinding v = new VariableBinding();
        v.setOid(SnmpConstants.sysName);
        v.setVariable(new OctetString("SnmpV2 Trap"));
        pdu.add(v);
        pdu.setType(PDU.TRAP);

        // set target
        CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();
        target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));
        target.setAddress(targetAddress);

        // retry times when commuication error
        target.setRetries(2);
        target.setTimeout(1500);
        target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version2c);
        // send pdu, return response
        return snmp.send(pdu, target);

    }

}

接收trap：“监听端口也是162”

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.snmp4j.CommandResponder;
import org.snmp4j.MessageDispatcherImpl;
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv1;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv2c;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv3;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityModels;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityProtocols;
import org.snmp4j.security.USM;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.TcpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.UdpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultTcpTransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.util.MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher;
import org.snmp4j.util.ThreadPool;

public class TrapReceiver {	
    private MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher dispatcher;
    private Snmp snmp = null;
    private Address listenAddress;
    private ThreadPool threadPool;

    public TrapReceiver(CommandResponder listener)  throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
    	 threadPool = ThreadPool.create("Trap", 2);
         dispatcher = new MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher(threadPool,
                 new MessageDispatcherImpl());
         logger.debug("监听的IP和端口是={}",System.getProperty(
                 "snmp4j.listenAddress", "udp:127.0.0.1/162"));
         listenAddress = GenericAddress.parse(System.getProperty(
                 "snmp4j.listenAddress", "udp:127.0.0.1/162")); // 本地IP与监听端口
//         listenAddress = GenericAddress.parse(address); // 本地IP与监听端口
         TransportMapping<?> transport;
         // 对TCP与UDP协议进行处理
         if (listenAddress instanceof UdpAddress) {
             transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping(
                     (UdpAddress) listenAddress);
         } else {
             transport = new DefaultTcpTransportMapping(
                     (TcpAddress) listenAddress);
         }
         snmp = new Snmp(dispatcher, transport);
         snmp.getMessageDispatcher().addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv1());
         snmp.getMessageDispatcher().addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv2c());
         snmp.getMessageDispatcher().addMessageProcessingModel(new MPv3());
         USM usm = new USM(SecurityProtocols.getInstance(), new OctetString(MPv3
                 .createLocalEngineID()), 0);
         SecurityModels.getInstance().addSecurityModel(usm);
         snmp.listen();
         logger.debug("开始监听={}");
         snmp.addCommandResponder(listener);
    }

	public MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher getDispatcher() {
		return dispatcher;
	}

	public void setDispatcher(MultiThreadedMessageDispatcher dispatcher) {
		this.dispatcher = dispatcher;
	}

	public Snmp getSnmp() {
		return snmp;
	}

	public void setSnmp(Snmp snmp) {
		this.snmp = snmp;
	}

	public Address getListenAddress() {
		return listenAddress;
	}

	public void setListenAddress(Address listenAddress) {
		this.listenAddress = listenAddress;
	}

	public ThreadPool getThreadPool() {
		return threadPool;
	}

	public void setThreadPool(ThreadPool threadPool) {
		this.threadPool = threadPool;
	}
    
}

import java.util.Vector;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.snmp4j.CommandResponder;
import org.snmp4j.CommandResponderEvent;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;


public class ListenSnmp implements CommandResponder {

	public Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
	
	public ListenSnmp() {
		logger.debug("监控器初始debug");
		logger.info("监控器初始info");
		logger.warn("监控器初始warn");
		logger.error("监控器初始error");
	}
	
	@Override
	public void processPdu(CommandResponderEvent event) {

		 // 解析Response
        if (event != null && event.getPDU() != null) {
            Vector<? extends VariableBinding> recVBs = (Vector<? extends VariableBinding>) event.getPDU().getVariableBindings();
            for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {
                VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(i);
                logger.error(recVB.getOid() + " : " + recVB.getVariable());
                System.out.println(recVB.getOid() + " : " + recVB.getVariable());
            }
        }
		
	}

}

向snmp-agent发送get请求获取机器名：“端口是161”

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Vector;

import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;

import org.snmp4j.PDU;

import org.snmp4j.Snmp;

import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;

import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;

import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;

import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;

import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;

import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;

import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.UdpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;

import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;

public class SnmpSendUtils {

	private Snmp snmp = null;// 该类是SNMP4J中最为核心的类。负责SNMP报文的接受和发送。
	private Address targetAddress = null;

	String snmpAddr = "udp:127.0.0.1/161";

		// 初始化
	public void initComm() throws IOException {
		// 设置Agent方的IP和端口
		targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse(snmpAddr);
		// 一般情况下，我们都使用UDP协议作为SNMP的传输层协议，所以我们需要实例化的是一个DefaultUdpTransportMapping接口对象；
		TransportMapping<UdpAddress> transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
		// 将DefaultUdpTransportMapping接口作为参数传入Snmp构造器，实例化Snmp对象。
		snmp = new Snmp(transport);
		// 监听snmp信息
		transport.listen();
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public void sendPDU() throws IOException {
		// 设置 target
		CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();
		target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));
		target.setAddress(targetAddress);
		// 通信不成功时的重试次数
		target.setRetries(2);
		// 超时时间
		target.setTimeout(1500);
		target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version1);
		// 创建 PDU
		PDU pdu = new PDU();
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 0 })));
		// MIB的访问方式
		pdu.setType(PDU.GET);
		// 向Agent发送PDU，并接收Response
		ResponseEvent respEvnt = snmp.send(pdu, target);
		// 解析Response
		if (respEvnt != null && respEvnt.getResponse() != null) {
			Vector<VariableBinding> recVBs = (Vector<VariableBinding>) respEvnt.getResponse().getVariableBindings();
			for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {
				VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(i);
				System.out.println(recVB.getOid() + " : " + recVB.getVariable());
			}
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			System.out.println("start");
			SnmpSendUtils util = new SnmpSendUtils();
			util.initComm();
			util.sendPDU();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

Centos下SNMPV3配置

使用

service snmpd stop

命令停止snmpd服务
输入

net-snmp-config --create-snmpv3-user

命令按照提示输入用户，密码，验证信息等
最后会提示：
adding the following line to /var/lib/net-snmp/snmpd.conf:
createUser name MD5 “pass” DES “despass”
adding the following line to /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf:
rwuser myname
查看这个两个文件，并保存设置的密码信息

使用

snmpwalk -v3 -u myname -l auth -a MD5 -A mypass 127.0.0.1 if

验证是否配置成功

SNMP4j测试

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;
import org.snmp4j.PDU;
import org.snmp4j.ScopedPDU;
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;
import org.snmp4j.Target;
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.UserTarget;
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;
import org.snmp4j.mp.MPv3;
import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;
import org.snmp4j.security.AuthMD5;
import org.snmp4j.security.AuthSHA;
import org.snmp4j.security.PrivAES128;
import org.snmp4j.security.PrivAES192;
import org.snmp4j.security.PrivAES256;
import org.snmp4j.security.PrivDES;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityLevel;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityModels;
import org.snmp4j.security.SecurityProtocols;
import org.snmp4j.security.USM;
import org.snmp4j.security.UsmUser;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.TcpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultTcpTransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;
 
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class SnmpUtilSendGet {
	private Address targetAddress = null;
	private OID authProtocol;
	private OID privProtocol;
	private OctetString privPassphrase;
	private OctetString authPassphrase;
	private OctetString securityName = new OctetString();
	private int version;
	private String host;
	private Target target;
	private OctetString community = new OctetString("public");
	private TransportMapping transport;
 
	/**
	 * 初始化Snmp信息
	 * 
	 * @param host
	 * @param user
	 * @param authProtocol
	 * @param authPasshrase
	 * @param privProtocol
	 * @param privPassphrase
	 * @param version
	 */
	public SnmpUtilSendGet(String host, String user, String authProtocol, String authPasshrase
			                          , String privProtocol,String privPassphrase, int version) {
		this.authPassphrase = new OctetString(authPasshrase);
		this.securityName = new OctetString(user);
		this.privPassphrase = new OctetString(privPassphrase);
		this.version = version;
		this.host = host;
		if (authProtocol.equals("MD5")) {
			this.authProtocol = AuthMD5.ID;
		} else if (authProtocol.equals("SHA")) {
			this.authProtocol = AuthSHA.ID;
		}
		if (privProtocol.equals("DES")) {
			this.privProtocol = PrivDES.ID;
		} else if ((privProtocol.equals("AES128")) || (privProtocol.equals("AES"))) {
			this.privProtocol = PrivAES128.ID;
		} else if (privProtocol.equals("AES192")) {
			this.privProtocol = PrivAES192.ID;
		} else if (privProtocol.equals("AES256")) {
			this.privProtocol = PrivAES256.ID;
		}
	}
 
	/**
	 * 创建snmp
	 * 
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public Snmp createSnmpSession() throws IOException {
		// 设置管理进程的IP和端口
		targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse(host);
		if (targetAddress instanceof TcpAddress) {
			transport = new DefaultTcpTransportMapping();
		} else {
			transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
		}
		Snmp snmp = new Snmp(transport);
		if (version == SnmpConstants.version3) {
			USM usm = new USM(SecurityProtocols.getInstance(), new OctetString(
					                             MPv3.createLocalEngineID()), 0);
			SecurityModels.getInstance().addSecurityModel(usm);
			// Add the configured user to the USM
			addUsmUser(snmp);
		}
		return snmp;
	}
 
	/**
	 * 加入user信息（snmp3）
	 * 
	 * @param snmp
	 */
	private void addUsmUser(Snmp snmp) {
		snmp.getUSM().addUser(securityName,
				new UsmUser(securityName, authProtocol, authPassphrase
						                , privProtocol, privPassphrase));
	}
 
	/**
	 * 创建PUD
	 * 
	 * @param target
	 * @return
	 */
	public PDU createPDU(Target target) {
		PDU request;
		if (target.getVersion() == SnmpConstants.version3) {
			request = new ScopedPDU();
		} else {
			request = new PDU();
		}
		return request;
	}
 
	/**
	 * 创建Target
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	private Target createTarget() {
		if (version == SnmpConstants.version3) {
			UserTarget target = new UserTarget();
			if (authPassphrase != null) {
				if (privPassphrase != null) {
					target.setSecurityLevel(SecurityLevel.AUTH_PRIV);
				} else {
					target.setSecurityLevel(SecurityLevel.AUTH_NOPRIV);
				}
			} else {
				target.setSecurityLevel(SecurityLevel.NOAUTH_NOPRIV);
			}
			target.setSecurityName(securityName);
			return target;
		} else {
			CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();
			target.setCommunity(community);
			return target;
		}
	}
 
	/**
	 * 向管理进程发送Get报文
	 *
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked" })
	public String sendPDU(String oids) throws IOException {
		String v=null;
		Snmp snmp = createSnmpSession(); 
		target = createTarget();// 设置 target
		target.setAddress(targetAddress);
		target.setRetries(2);// 通信不成功时的重试次数
		target.setTimeout(1500);// 超时时间
		target.setVersion(version);// snmp版本
		transport.listen();
		// 创建 PDU
		//ScopedPDU pdu = createPDU(target);
		PDU pdu = createPDU(target);
		OID oid = new OID(oids);
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(oid));
		pdu.setType(PDU.GET);
		ResponseEvent respEvnt = snmp.send(pdu, target);
		
		if (respEvnt != null && respEvnt.getResponse() != null) {
			Vector<VariableBinding> recVBs = (Vector<VariableBinding>) respEvnt.getResponse().getVariableBindings();
			//for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {
				VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(0);
				//System.out.println(recVB.getVariable().toString());
				//System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
				v=recVB.getVariable().toString();
				snmp.close();
			}
		return v;
 
	//}
 
		
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
		String Address = "127.0.0.1";
		SnmpUtilSendGet util = new SnmpUtilSendGet("udp:" + Address + "/161", 
				"managerv3", "MD5", "authpassword", "DES",
				"pripassword", SnmpConstants.version3);
		String v = util.sendPDU("");
		System.out.println(v);
	}
	
 
}

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