1、下载镜像
docker pull elasticsearch:7.4.2 # 存储和检索数据2、创建实例
mkdir -p /mydata/elasticsearch/config # 在mydata文件夹下创建es的config文件夹，将docker中es的配置挂载在外部，当我们在linux虚拟机中修改es的配置文件时，就会同时修改docker中的es的配置
mkdir -p /mydata/elasticsearch/data #在mydata文件夹下创建es的data文件夹
echo "http.host:0.0.0.0" >> /mydata/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml # [http.host:0.0.0.0]允许任何远程机器访问es，并将其写入es的配置文件中
chmod -R 777 /mydata/elasticsearch/ # 保证权限问题启动
docker run --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 \
-e "discovery.type=single-node" \
-e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx128m" \
-v /mydata/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml \
-v /mydata/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data \
-v /mydata/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins \
-d elasticsearch:7.4.2
# docker run --name elasticsearch 创建一个es容器并起一个名字；
# -p 9200:9200 将linux的9200端口映射到docker容器的9200端口，用来给es发送http请求
# -p 9300:9300 9300是es在分布式集群状态下节点之间的通信端口 \ 换行符
# -e 指定一个参数，当前es以单节点模式运行
# *注意，ES_JAVA_OPTS非常重要，指定开发时es运行时的最小和最大内存占用为64M和128M，否则就会占用全部可用内存
# -v 挂载命令，将虚拟机中的路径和docker中的路径进行关联
# -d 后台启动服务安装完 elasticsearch 后我们来启动一下，会发现使用docker ps命令查看启动的容器时没有找到我们的 es，这是因为目前 es 的配置文件的权限导致的，因此我们还需要修改一下 es 的配置文件的权限：
修改完文件权限后，我们使用docker start elasticsearch再次启动 es，使用docker ps命令查看后发现容器还是没有启动，这是问什么呢？
我们使用docker logs elasticsearch看一下 es 的启动日志：
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.
2021-01-19 08:04:34,001 main ERROR No Log4j 2 configuration file found. Using default configuration (logging only errors to the console), or user programmatically provided configurations. Set system property 'log4j2.debug' to show Log4j 2 internal initialization logging. See https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/configuration.html for instructions on how to configure Log4j 2
Exception in thread "main" SettingsException[Failed to load settings from [elasticsearch.yml]]; nested: ParsingException[Failed to parse object: expecting token of type [START_OBJECT] but found [VALUE_STRING]];
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromStream(Settings.java:1097)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1070)
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:83)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:95)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:125)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92)
Caused by: ParsingException[Failed to parse object: expecting token of type [START_OBJECT] but found [VALUE_STRING]]
at org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentParserUtils.ensureExpectedToken(XContentParserUtils.java:78)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.fromXContent(Settings.java:617)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.access$400(Settings.java:82)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromStream(Settings.java:1093)
... 8 more
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.
2021-01-19 08:06:28,813 main ERROR No Log4j 2 configuration file found. Using default configuration (logging only errors to the console), or user programmatically provided configurations. Set system property 'log4j2.debug' to show Log4j 2 internal initialization logging. See https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/configuration.html for instructions on how to configure Log4j 2
Exception in thread "main" SettingsException[Failed to load settings from [elasticsearch.yml]]; nested: ParsingException[Failed to parse object: expecting token of type [START_OBJECT] but found [VALUE_STRING]];
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromStream(Settings.java:1097)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1070)
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:83)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:95)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:125)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92)
Caused by: ParsingException[Failed to parse object: expecting token of type [START_OBJECT] but found [VALUE_STRING]]
at org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentParserUtils.ensureExpectedToken(XContentParserUtils.java:78)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.fromXContent(Settings.java:617)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.access$400(Settings.java:82)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromStream(Settings.java:1093)
... 8 more上述错误是由于我之前配置elasticsearch.yml文件的时候k-v键值对配置错误导致的，查看 yml 文件会发现我配置的内容是这样的：
http.host:0.0.0.0而实际上k-v键值对之间应该有空格，注意 yml 配置文件中key: value格式冒号后面要跟一个空格。否则就会导致上面的错误。
因此需要修改一下elasticsearch.yml文件，修改为：
http.host: 0.0.0.0修改并保存之后再次使用docker start elasticsearch启动 es，使用docker ps命令产看后可以看到我的 es 容器已经启动起来了：
在浏览器地址栏访问http://localhost:9200/，可以看到 es 启动成功后返回类似下面的数据：
{
"name" : "bd756b2565b4",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "xJBOxpDPRIePsId-AuEVBA",
"version" : {
"number" : "7.4.2",
"build_flavor" : "default",
"build_type" : "docker",
"build_hash" : "2f90bbf7b93631e52bafb59b3b049cb44ec25e96",
"build_date" : "2019-10-28T20:40:44.881551Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "8.2.0",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
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