使用vue做导出excel表格有2种方式。1.前端主导 2.后端主导
一、前端主导
1.下载3个依赖
npm install file-saver --save
npm install script-loader -D
npm install xlsx --save
2.在src目录下新建文件夹vendor,里面包含 Blob.js 和 Export2Excel.js
Blob.js
/* eslint-disable */
/* Blob.js
* A Blob implementation.
* 2014-05-27
*
* By Eli Grey, http://eligrey.com
* By Devin Samarin, https://github.com/eboyjr
* License: X11/MIT
* See LICENSE.md
*/
/*global self, unescape */
/*jslint bitwise: true, regexp: true, confusion: true, es5: true, vars: true, white: true,
plusplus: true */
/*! @source http://purl.eligrey.com/github/Blob.js/blob/master/Blob.js */
(function(view) {
"use strict";
view.URL = view.URL || view.webkitURL;
if (view.Blob && view.URL) {
try {
new Blob();
return;
} catch (e) {}
}
// Internally we use a BlobBuilder implementation to base Blob off of
// in order to support older browsers that only have BlobBuilder
var BlobBuilder =
view.BlobBuilder ||
view.WebKitBlobBuilder ||
view.MozBlobBuilder ||
(function(view) {
var get_class = function(object) {
return Object.prototype.toString
.call(object)
.match(/^\[object\s(.*)\]$/)[1];
},
FakeBlobBuilder = function BlobBuilder() {
this.data = [];
},
FakeBlob = function Blob(data, type, encoding) {
this.data = data;
this.size = data.length;
this.type = type;
this.encoding = encoding;
},
FBB_proto = FakeBlobBuilder.prototype,
FB_proto = FakeBlob.prototype,
FileReaderSync = view.FileReaderSync,
FileException = function(type) {
this.code = this[(this.name = type)];
},
file_ex_codes = (
"NOT_FOUND_ERR SECURITY_ERR ABORT_ERR NOT_READABLE_ERR ENCODING_ERR " +
"NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR INVALID_STATE_ERR SYNTAX_ERR"
).split(" "),
file_ex_code = file_ex_codes.length,
real_URL = view.URL || view.webkitURL || view,
real_create_object_URL = real_URL.createObjectURL,
real_revoke_object_URL = real_URL.revokeObjectURL,
URL = real_URL,
btoa = view.btoa,
atob = view.atob,
ArrayBuffer = view.ArrayBuffer,
Uint8Array = view.Uint8Array;
FakeBlob.fake = FB_proto.fake = true;
while (file_ex_code--) {
FileException.prototype[file_ex_codes[file_ex_code]] = file_ex_code + 1;
}
if (!real_URL.createObjectURL) {
URL = view.URL = {};
}
URL.createObjectURL = function(blob) {
var type = blob.type,
data_URI_header;
if (type === null) {
type = "application/octet-stream";
}
if (blob instanceof FakeBlob) {
data_URI_header = "data:" + type;
if (blob.encoding === "base64") {
return data_URI_header + ";base64," + blob.data;
} else if (blob.encoding === "URI") {
return data_URI_header + "," + decodeURIComponent(blob.data);
}
if (btoa) {
return data_URI_header + ";base64," + btoa(blob.data);
} else {
return data_URI_header + "," + encodeURIComponent(blob.data);
}
} else if (real_create_object_URL) {
return real_create_object_URL.call(real_URL, blob);
}
};
URL.revokeObjectURL = function(object_URL) {
if (object_URL.substring(0, 5) !== "data:" && real_revoke_object_URL) {
real_revoke_object_URL.call(real_URL, object_URL);
}
};
FBB_proto.append = function(data /*, endings*/) {
var bb = this.data;
// decode data to a binary string
if (
Uint8Array &&
(data instanceof ArrayBuffer || data instanceof Uint8Array)
) {
var str = "",
buf = new Uint8Array(data),
i = 0,
buf_len = buf.length;
for (; i < buf_len; i++) {
str += String.fromCharCode(buf[i]);
}
bb.push(str);
} else if (get_class(data) === "Blob" || get_class(data) === "File") {
if (FileReaderSync) {
var fr = new FileReaderSync();
bb.push(fr.readAsBinaryString(data));
} else {
// async FileReader won't work as BlobBuilder is sync
throw new FileException("NOT_READABLE_ERR");
}
} else if (data instanceof FakeBlob) {
if (data.encoding === "base64" && atob) {
bb.push(atob(data.data));
} else if (data.encoding === "URI") {
bb.push(decodeURIComponent(data.data));
} else if (data.encoding === "raw") {
bb.push(data.data);
}
} else {
if (typeof data !== "string") {
data += ""; // convert unsupported types to strings
}
// decode UTF-16 to binary string
bb.push(unescape(encodeURIComponent(data)));
}
};
FBB_proto.getBlob = function(type) {
if (!arguments.length) {
type = null;
}
return new FakeBlob(this.data.join(""), type, "raw");
};
FBB_proto.toString = function() {
return "[object BlobBuilder]";
};
FB_proto.slice = function(start, end, type) {
var args = arguments.length;
if (args < 3) {
type = null;
}
return new FakeBlob(
this.data.slice(start, args > 1 ? end : this.data.length),
type,
this.encoding
);
};
FB_proto.toString = function() {
return "[object Blob]";
};
FB_proto.close = function() {
this.size = this.data.length = 0;
};
return FakeBlobBuilder;
})(view);
view.Blob = function Blob(blobParts, options) {
var type = options ? options.type || "" : "";
var builder = new BlobBuilder();
if (blobParts) {
for (var i = 0, len = blobParts.length; i < len; i++) {
builder.append(blobParts[i]);
}
}
return builder.getBlob(type);
};
})(
(typeof self !== "undefined" && self) ||
(typeof window !== "undefined" && window) ||
this.content ||
this
);
Export2Excel.js
/* eslint-disable */
require("script-loader!file-saver"); //保存文件用
// require('script-loader!@/excel/Blob');//转二进制用
require("./Blob"); //转二进制用 **解决浏览器报错问题**
require("script-loader!xlsx/dist/xlsx.core.min"); //xlsx核心
import XLSX from "xlsx";
function generateArray(table) {
var out = [];
var rows = table.querySelectorAll("tr");
var ranges = [];
for (var R = 0; R < rows.length; ++R) {
var outRow = [];
var row = rows[R];
var columns = row.querySelectorAll("td");
for (var C = 0; C < columns.length; ++C) {
var cell = columns[C];
var colspan = cell.getAttribute("colspan");
var rowspan = cell.getAttribute("rowspan");
var cellValue = cell.innerText;
if (cellValue !== "" && cellValue == +cellValue) cellValue = +cellValue;
//Skip ranges
ranges.forEach(function(range) {
if (
R >= range.s.r &&
R <= range.e.r &&
outRow.length >= range.s.c &&
outRow.length <= range.e.c
) {
for (var i = 0; i <= range.e.c - range.s.c; ++i) outRow.push(null);
}
});
//Handle Row Span
if (rowspan || colspan) {
rowspan = rowspan || 1;
colspan = colspan || 1;
ranges.push({
s: { r: R, c: outRow.length },
e: { r: R + rowspan - 1, c: outRow.length + colspan - 1 }
});
}
//Handle Value
outRow.push(cellValue !== "" ? cellValue : null);
//Handle Colspan
if (colspan) for (var k = 0; k < colspan - 1; ++k) outRow.push(null);
}
out.push(outRow);
}
return [out, ranges];
}
function datenum(v, date1904) {
if (date1904) v += 1462;
var epoch = Date.parse(v);
return (epoch - new Date(Date.UTC(1899, 11, 30))) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
}
function sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data, opts) {
var ws = {};
var range = { s: { c: 10000000, r: 10000000 }, e: { c: 0, r: 0 } };
for (var R = 0; R != data.length; ++R) {
for (var C = 0; C != data[R].length; ++C) {
if (range.s.r > R) range.s.r = R;
if (range.s.c > C) range.s.c = C;
if (range.e.r < R) range.e.r = R;
if (range.e.c < C) range.e.c = C;
var cell = { v: data[R][C] };
if (cell.v == null) continue;
var cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell({ c: C, r: R });
if (typeof cell.v === "number") cell.t = "n";
else if (typeof cell.v === "boolean") cell.t = "b";
else if (cell.v instanceof Date) {
cell.t = "n";
cell.z = XLSX.SSF._table[14];
cell.v = datenum(cell.v);
} else cell.t = "s";
ws[cell_ref] = cell;
}
}
if (range.s.c < 10000000) ws["!ref"] = XLSX.utils.encode_range(range);
return ws;
}
function Workbook() {
if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook();
this.SheetNames = [];
this.Sheets = {};
}
function s2ab(s) {
var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length);
var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
for (var i = 0; i != s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xff;
return buf;
}
export function export_table_to_excel(id) {
var theTable = document.getElementById(id);
var oo = generateArray(theTable);
var ranges = oo[1];
/* original data */
var data = oo[0];
var ws_name = "SheetJS";
var wb = new Workbook(),
ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
/* add ranges to worksheet */
// ws['!cols'] = ['apple', 'banan'];
ws["!merges"] = ranges;
/* add worksheet to workbook */
wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
bookType: "xlsx",
bookSST: false,
type: "binary"
});
saveAs(
new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], { type: "application/octet-stream" }),
"test.xlsx"
);
}
export function export_json_to_excel({
header,
data,
filename = "excel-list",
autoWidth = true
} = {}) {
/* original data */
data = [...data];
data.unshift(header);
var ws_name = "SheetJS";
var wb = new Workbook(),
ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
if (autoWidth) {
/*设置worksheet每列的最大宽度*/
const colWidth = data.map(row =>
row.map(val => {
/*先判断是否为null/undefined*/
if (val == null) {
return { wch: 10 };
} else if (val.toString().charCodeAt(0) > 255) {
/*再判断是否为中文*/
return { wch: val.toString().length * 2 };
} else {
return { wch: val.toString().length };
}
})
);
/*以第一行为初始值*/
let result = colWidth[0];
for (let i = 1; i < colWidth.length; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < colWidth[i].length; j++) {
if (result[j]["wch"] < colWidth[i][j]["wch"]) {
result[j]["wch"] = colWidth[i][j]["wch"];
}
}
}
ws["!cols"] = result;
}
/* add worksheet to workbook */
wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
bookType: "xlsx",
bookSST: false,
type: "binary"
});
saveAs(
new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], { type: "application/octet-stream" }),
filename + ".xlsx"
);
}
3.新建一个vue组件,用于封装导出
<template>
<el-button
style="margin: 0 0 20px 20px"
type="primary"
icon="el-icon-document"
@click="handleClick"
>导出
</el-button>
</template>
<script>
export default {
props: {
exportList: {
// 需要导出的数据列表
type: Array,
required: true,
default: [],
},
type: {
type: Number,
default: 1, //type=1 导出选中的列表,type=2 导出所有数据
},
tableHeader: {
// 设置Excel表格的表头 字段
type: Array,
required: true,
default: [],
},
filterVal: {
// 跟表格表头对应的绑定的prop
type: Array,
required: true,
default: [],
},
tableTitle: {
// 导出表头的名字
type: String,
required: true,
default: "表格",
},
},
methods: {
handleClick() {
this.$emit("clickButton");
//视图可能会不更新,这里在外面套一层nextTick
this.$nextTick(() => {
this.exportExcel();
});
},
//定义导出Excel表格事件
exportExcel() {
if (this.exportList.length === 0) {
this.$message({
message: "请至少选择一条需要导出的数据",
type: "warning",
});
return;
}
let content = "";
if (this.type === 1) {
content = "该操作将导出选中的数据,是否继续";
} else if (this.type === 2) {
content = "该操作将导出全部数据,是否继续";
}
this.$msgbox
.confirm(content, "提示", {
confirmButtonText: "确定",
cancelButtonText: "取消",
type: "warning",
})
.then(() => {
//这里的路径使用自己的文件路劲
import("../../vendor/Export2Excel").then((excel) => {
// 定义表头
const tableHeader = this.tableHeader;
// 表头对应字段
const filterVal = this.filterVal;
const list = this.filterTableData(
JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(this.exportList))
); // this.selectList为选中的要导出的数据,用filterTableData方法先处理一下数据格式(要进行深度拷贝,以免过滤的时候,影响页面上展示的数据),再存到list
const data = this.formatJson(filterVal, list);
excel.export_json_to_excel({
header: tableHeader,
data,
filename: this.tableTitle, //文件名
autoWidth: true, //autoWidth
bookType: "xlsx", //类型
});
});
})
.catch(() => {});
},
formatJson(filterVal, Data) {
return Data.map((v) => filterVal.map((j) => v[j]));
},
//导出数据前对数据处理
filterTableData(data) {
this.$emit("filterTableData", data);
return data;
},
},
};
</script>
<style>
</style>
4.使用组件
<template>
<div>
<el-table
:data="tableData"
style="width: 100%">
<el-table-column
prop="date"
label="日期"
width="180">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column
prop="name"
label="姓名"
width="180">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column
prop="address"
label="地址">
</el-table-column>
</el-table>
<Export
:exportList="exportList"
@clickButton="exportPeopleScoreExcel"
@filterTableData="filterTableData"
:tableHeader="tableHeader"
:filterVal="filterVal"
:tableTitle="tableTitle"
/>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Export from '../components/export/index.vue' //引入组件
export default {
components:{
Export,//注册组件
},
data(){
return{
tableData: [{
date: '2016-05-02',
name: '王小虎',
address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1518 弄'
}, {
date: '2016-05-04',
name: '王小虎',
address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1517 弄'
}, {
date: '2016-05-01',
name: '王小虎',
address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1519 弄'
}, {
date: '2016-05-03',
name: '王小虎',
address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1516 弄'
}],
//导出表格所需字段
exportList: [],
tableHeader: [],
filterVal: [],
tableTitle: "",
exportAllDataList:[],
}
},
methods:{
// 导出
exportPeopleScoreExcel() {
this.exportList=this.tableData;//表格内容
this.tableTitle='Text';//表格导出后的文件名
this.tableHeader=['日期', '姓名', '地址'];//表头
this.filterVal= ['date', 'name', 'address'];//表头对应的属性
},
//对数据格式进行处理 (可写可不写)
filterTableData(data) {},
}
}
</script>
<style>
</style>
二、后端主导的导出
1.后端返回的数据格式
接口请求代码
// 导出员工
export function export(data) {
return request({
url: '请求地址',
method: 'post',
responseType: 'blob',//一定要加上
data
})
}
2.在src下,新建utils文件夹,里面包含downloadFaile.js
export const downloadFaile = (api,data,parm) =>{
return api(data,parm).then(res=>{
console.log("res",res);
console.log("22222222",);
const link = document.createElement("a");//新建一个标签 a标签下载
link.style.display = "none";//隐藏
if(res.data.type === undefined && res.headers["content-type"] === 'application/octet-stream;charset=utf-8'){
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([res.data], {type: "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}))
link.href = url //href属性指定下载链接
link.setAttribute("download", decodeURI(res['headers']['content-disposition'].split('filename=')[1]))
//给link标签一个新的属性 dowload属性指定文件名a标签添加了download属性之后,a标签点击之后,浏览器会强制进行文件下载,下载的文件名就是download所命名的文件名。
//在不加download属性的时候,a标签点击之后 浏览器是直接打开文件进行预览,而不会下载;
}else{
const blob = new Blob([res.data], { type: "multipary/form-data" })//multipary/form-data 文件上传 使用form表单提交
link.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
link.setAttribute("download", decodeURI(res['headers']['content-disposition'].split('filename=')[1]))
}
document.body.appendChild(link)
link.click() // click()事件触发下载
document.body.removeChild(link)
})
}
3.封装导出组件
<template>
<div class="exportbuttonClass">
<el-button :disabled="disabledButton"
:loading="buttonloading"
type="info" plain @click="clickExport">
<span style="display: flex;align-items: center">
<i v-if="!buttonloading" style="font-size: 12px;padding: 3px;" class="iconfont icon-daochu1"></i>
<span>导出</span>
</span>
</el-button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {downloadFaile} from '@/utils/downloadFaile.js'
export default {
props:{
/*按钮是否可用*/
disabledButton:{
type:Boolean,
default:false
},
/*按钮是否加载中*/
buttonloading:{
type:Boolean,
default:false
},
},
/*方法集合*/
methods: {
clickExport(){
this.$emit("clickExport")
},
},
}
</script>
<style scoped lang='scss'>
.exportbuttonClass{
display: inline-block;
width: 74px;
::v-deep .el-button--medium{
padding: 6px 12px;
height: 32px;
}
}
</style>
4.使用组件
1.先引入组件,注册组件
2.引入utils下的方法
3.引入请求的api (exportRolesList是api)
页面使用
<ExportButton @clickExport="clickExport" />
方法:
clickExport() {
//exportRolesList是api arr是需要导出的数据表格数据
downloadFaile(exportRolesList, arr)
.then(() => {
//可以写个导出成功提示
})
.catch(() => {
//可以写个导出失败提示
});
},