使用Flume Log4j Appender正确的姿势
我们使用Flume-ng的LoadBalancingLog4jAppender,将线上服务的日志实时传输到日志服务器,转交给告警系统和HDFS做存储。
FLume的Log4j Appender必须使用Log4j的异步加载器,否则一旦日志服务器挂掉,将会导致应用服务器宕机。
使用过程中的坑
问题1: Flume Log4j使用异步加载器,日志服务器宕机情况导致业务系统阻塞
在阅读了Flume的RPC源码以及LoadBalancingLog4jAppender的实现之后,发现问题原来在Log4j的异步加载器AsyncAppender。异步加载器的原理见这里 根本原因是、日志服务器宕机导致消费者消费能力不足,缓冲区满的情况下,AsyncAppender会阻塞程序。设置Blocking=false之后就可以了。
问题2:Flume Log4j失败重连策略异常
当其中一台日志服务器宕机,其他的日志服务器就会不停的接收到链接异常的日志。明显是重连的时间间隔太短。在LoadBalancingRpcClient中,
while (it.hasNext()) {
HostInfo host = it.next();
try {
RpcClient client = getClient(host);
client.append(event);
eventSent = true;
break;
} catch (Exception ex) {
selector.informFailure(host); //宕机情况标志该主机异常
LOGGER.warn("Failed to send event to host " + host, ex);
}
}
Flume默认不启用back off,也就是说selector.informFailure(host)这行代码完全没用。简直坑爹。OrderSelector.java:
public void informFailure(T failedObject) {
//If there is no backoff this method is a no-op.
if (!shouldBackOff) {
return;
}
//将该主机暂时移除可用主机列表
...
所以解决办法:配置max back off
问题3:Flume Log4j失败重连策略异常
问题体现在,设置了max back off,重连时间居然一直是2000ms,看了一下它的算法,指数退避算法。在OrderSelector.java的informFailure函数中。
public void informFailure(T failedObject) {
//If there is no backoff this method is a no-op.
if (!shouldBackOff) {
return;
}
FailureState state = stateMap.get(failedObject);
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
long delta = now - state.lastFail;
long lastBackoffLength = Math.min(maxTimeout, 1000 * (1 << state.sequentialFails));
long allowableDiff = lastBackoffLength + CONSIDER_SEQUENTIAL_RANGE;
if (allowableDiff > delta) {
if (state.sequentialFails < EXP_BACKOFF_COUNTER_LIMIT) {
state.sequentialFails++;
}
} else {
state.sequentialFails = 1;
}
state.lastFail = now;
//Depending on the number of sequential failures this component had, delay
//its restore time. Each time it fails, delay the restore by 1000 ms,
//until the maxTimeOut is reached.
state.restoreTime = now + Math.min(maxTimeout, 1000 * (1 << state.sequentialFails));
}
最后生成的restoreTime即下一次进行重试的时间。我没有去设置avro connect time out 和request time out,默认都是20s,应该算是偏长了。根据他的算法,delta永远是大于40s,但是allowableDiff却一直是3s,4s.所以我直接改了判定条件,allowableDiff < delta,之后就正常。但是还存在一个问题,sequentialFails并不会在一段时间后reset.
问题4:Log4j异步加载器丢失日志数据
AsyncAppender默认缓冲区大小128,满了之后会丢失数据。调大缓冲区,avro connect time out 和request time out也得适当调一下
另外,由于我们的告警系统接收的告警日志必须是时间顺序的,所以我写了个FlumeFailoverAppender了