一. 安装要求

(1)多台服务器,操作系统 CentOS7.6-86_x64
(2)硬件配置:2GB或更多RAM,2个CPU或更多CPU,硬盘40GB或更多
(3)可以访问外网,需要拉取镜像,如果服务器不能上网,需要提前下载镜像并导入节点
(4)集群中所有机器之间网络互通
(5)禁止swap分区

二. 准备环境(集群三台全部关闭)

主机名

IP地址

master1

192.168.199.131

node3

192.168.199.132

node4

192.168.199.133

1.关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

k8s部署多个redis副本_json

2. 关闭selinux

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 临时

3. 关闭swap

swapoff -a  # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久

4. 设置主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master1

三、开始部署

3.1 在master添加hosts

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.199.131 master1
192.168.199.132 node3
192.168.199.133 node4
EOF

3.2 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效

3.3 时间同步

yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com

四、部署ETCD集群

Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统,Kubernetes 使用 Etcd 进行数据存储,所以先准备一个 Etcd 数据库,为解决 Etcd 单点故障,应采用集群方式部署,这里使用 3 台建立集群,可以坏一台,5台集群可以坏两台。

主机名

IP地址

etcd-1

192.168.199.131

etcd-2

192.168.199.132

etcd-3

192.168.199.133

4.1 准备cfssl证书生成工具

cfssl 是一个开源的证书管理工具,使用 json 文件生成证书,相比 openssl 更方便使用。可以用 Master 节点

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

k8s部署多个redis副本_json_02

4.2 生成etcd证书

(1)自签证书颁发机构(CA)
创建工作目录:

mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
   cd TLS/etcd

4.2.1自签 CA:

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

k8s部署多个redis副本_linux_03


k8s部署多个redis副本_kubernetes_04

4.2.2生成证书:

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls  *pem
  
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

k8s部署多个redis副本_docker_05


(2)使用自签 CA 签发 Etcd HTTPS 证书

创建证书申请文件

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.199.130",
    "192.168.199.131",
    "192.168.199.132",
    "192.168.199.133",
    "192.168.199.134",
    "192.168.199.135"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

注: hosts 字段中 IP 为所有 etcd 节点的集群内部通信 IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容,可以多写几个预留的 IP。

k8s部署多个redis副本_json_06


生成证书:

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

k8s部署多个redis副本_kubernetes_07

4.3 etcd集群部署从 Github 下载二进制文件

ETCD下载地址:https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz

4.3.1 创建工作目录并解压二进制包

mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} –p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin

4.3.2 创建 etcd 配置文件

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.199.131:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.199.131:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.199.131:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.199.131:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.199.131:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.199.132:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.199.133:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

k8s部署多个redis副本_kubernetes_08


注释:

ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中唯一

ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录

ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址

ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端访问监听地址

ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS:集群通告地址

ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址

ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址

ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN:集群 Token

ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的当前状态,new 是新集群,existing 表示加入已有集群

4.3.3 systemd 管理 etcd

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

k8s部署多个redis副本_json_09

4.3.4 拷贝之前生成的证书放到etcd/ssl/文件夹

cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd

4.3.5 将master主节点etct文件夹和etcd.service 拷贝到node1、node2

scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.199.132:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  root@192.168.199.132:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.199.133:/opt/ 
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  root@192.168.199.133.73:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

4.3.6 启动并设置开机启动(从节点需要先启动,主节点才能启动)

systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl start etcd 
systemctl enable etcd

分别node1、node2修改 etcd.conf 配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务 IP:

vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-2" # 修改此处,节点 2 改为 etcd-2,节点 3 改为 etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.199.132:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器 IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.199.132:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器 IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.199.132:2380" # 修改此处为当前
服务器 IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.199.132:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器
IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.192.131:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.199.132:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.199.133:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

4.3.7 查看集群状态

ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.199.131:2379,https://192.168.199.132:2379,https://192.168.199.133:2379" endpoint health

k8s部署多个redis副本_docker_10

5. 安装docker 环境

5.1 二进制部署方式

https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz
tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin

5.2 systemd管理docker

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

5.3 创建配置文件

mkdir /etc/docker

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器

5.4 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

六、部署Master (master节点)

6.1 生成 kube-apiserver 证书
6.1.1 自签证书颁发机构(CA)

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

6.1.2 生成证书:

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

6.1.3 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
6.1.3.1创建证书申请文件:

cd TLS/k8s
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.199.130",
      "192.168.199.131",
      "192.168.199.132",
      "192.168.199.133",
      "192.168.199.134",
      "192.168.199.135",
      "192.168.199.136",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

6.1.3.2生成证书

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

6.1.4 从github上下载k8s安装包

https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md#v1183

注:打开链接你会发现里面有很多包,下载一个server包就够了,包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。

6.1.5 解压二进制包并复制

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

**6.1.6 部署kube-apiserver
6.1.6.1 创建配置文件 **

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.199.130:2379,https://192.168.199.131:2379,https://192.168.199.133:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.199.130 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.199.130 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admissionplugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

注:上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符,第二个是换行符,使用转义符是为了使用EOF 保留换行符。

–logtostderr:启用日志
—v:日志等级
–log-dir:日志目录
–etcd-servers:etcd 集群地址
–bind-address:监听地址
–secure-port:https 安全端口
–advertise-address:集群通告地址
–allow-privileged:启用授权
–service-cluster-ip-range:Service 虚拟 IP 地址段
–enable-admission-plugins:准入控制模块
–authorization-mode:认证授权,启用 RBAC 授权和节点自管理
–enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用 TLS bootstrap 机制
–token-auth-file:bootstrap token 文件
–service-node-port-range:Service nodeport 类型默认分配端口范围
–kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver 访问 kubelet 客户端证书
–tls-xxx-file:apiserver https 证书
–etcd-xxxfile:连接 Etcd 集群证书
–audit-log-xxx:审计日志

6.1.7 拷贝刚才生成的证书
把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径:

cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

6.1.8 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制

TLS Bootstraping:Master apiserver 启用 TLS 认证后,Node 节点 kubelet 和 kube- proxy 要与 kube-apiserver 进行通信,必须使用 CA 签发的有效证书才可以,当 Node节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作,同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程,Kubernetes 引入了 TLS bootstraping 机制来自动颁发客户端证书,kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向 apiserver 申请证书,kubelet 的证书由 apiserver 动态签署。所以强烈建议在 Node 上使用这种方式,目前主要用于 kubelet,kube-proxy 还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。TLS bootstraping 工作流程:

k8s部署多个redis副本_linux_11


6.1.9 创建上述配置文件中 token 文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:nodebootstrapper"
EOF

格式:token,用户名,UID,用户组 token 也可自行生成替换命令:

head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ' 4. systemd 管理 apiserver

6.1.10 systemd管理apiserver

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

6.1.11 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

6.1.12. 授权 kubelet-bootstrap 用户允许请求证书(如果不请求,kubelet服务无法启动)

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

6.2、部署kube-controller-manager
6.2.1 创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

–master:通过本地非安全本地端口 8080 连接 apiserver。
–leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA)
–cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file:自动为 kubelet 颁发证书的 CA,与 apiserver 保持一致

6.2.2 systemd 管理 controller-manager

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

6.2.3 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

6.3 部署 kube-scheduler
6.3.1创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

–master:通过本地非安全本地端口 8080 连接 apiserver。
–leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA)

6.3.2. systemd 管理 scheduler

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

6.3.3 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

6.3.4 查看集群状态
6.3.4.1 生成kubectl连接集群的证书:

cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

6.3.4.2 生成kubeconfig文件:

mkdir /root/.kube

KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.199.130:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
  --client-certificate=./admin.pem \
  --client-key=./admin-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=cluster-admin \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

6.3.4.3 所有组件启动成功,通过 kubectl 工具查看当前集群组件状态:

kubectl get cs

k8s部署多个redis副本_docker_12


如上输出说明 Master 节点组件运行正常。

七、部署 Worker Node

7.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件
7.1.1 在node1,node2 创建工作目录:

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}

7.1.2从 master 节点拷贝文件到node1,node2:

scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.199.131:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.199.132:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

7.2 部署 kubelet

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-node1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
–hostname-override:显示名称,集群中唯一
–network-plugin:启用 CNI –kubeconfig:空路径,会自动生成,后面用于连接 apiserver –bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次启动向 apiserver 申请证书
–config:配置参数文件
–cert-dir:kubelet 证书生成目录
–pod-infra-container-image:管理 Pod 网络容器的镜像

7.4. 配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

7.5 生成 bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件(master节点生成)

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.199.130:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与 token.csv 里保持一致
   生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
--token=${TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

7.6 拷贝到配置文件路径(node1、node2)

scp bootstrap.kubeconfig  root:192.168.199.131:/opt/kubernetes/cfg

7.7 systemd 管理 kubelet

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

7.8 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

7.9 批准 kubelet 证书申请并加入集群

7.9.1查看 kubelet 证书请求

kubectl get csr

7.9.2 批准申请

kubectl certificate approve node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZK6M4G7bjhk8A

k8s部署多个redis副本_kubernetes_13

7.9.3 查看节点

kubectl get node

k8s部署多个redis副本_k8s部署多个redis副本_14


注:由于网络插件还没有部署,节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

7.10 部署 kube-proxy(两个节点都配置)

7.10.1 创建参数文件

at > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

7.10.2 配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

7.11 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件(master节点)
7.11.1 生成kube-proxy证书
切换工作目录

cd TLS/k8s

7.11.2 创建证书请求文件

cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF
#生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem

7.11.3 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.199.130:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

拷贝到配置文件指定路径:

scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.199.131:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.199.1312/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

7.11.4 systemd 管理 kube-proxy

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

7.11.5 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

八 部署 CNI 网络

8.1 先准备好 CNI 二进制文件:
下载地址:

https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni- plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz

8.2 解压二进制包并移动到默认工作目录:

mkdir /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

8.3 部署 CNI 网络:
8.3.1、准备好CNI二进制文件:

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kubeflannel.yml
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml

8.3.2 默认镜像地址无法访问,修改为 docker hub 镜像仓库。

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
kubectl get node

部署好网络插件,Node 准备就绪。
8.3.3 授权 apiserver 访问 kubelet

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml<< EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/proxy
- nodes/stats
- nodes/log
- nodes/spec
- nodes/metrics
- pods/log
verbs:
- "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:kube-apiserver
namespace: ""
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: User
name: kubernetes
EOF
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

8.3.4 新增加 Worker Node
8.3.4.1 拷贝已部署好的 Node 相关文件到新节点
在 master 节点将 Worker Node 涉及文件拷贝到新节点 192.168.199.131/132

scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.199.131:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service  root@192.168.199.131:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.199.131:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.199.131:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

8.3.4.2 删除 kubelet 证书和 kubeconfig 文件

rm /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

注:文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的,每个 Node 不同,必须删除重新生成。
8.3.4.3 . 修改主机名

vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node1
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1

8.3.4.4. 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

8.3.4.5 在 Master 上批准新 Node kubelet 证书申请

kubectl get csr

查看 Node 状态

Kubectl get node

部署CNI网络插件

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

默认镜像地址无法访问,sed命令修改为docker hub镜像仓库。
如果无法访问,在/etc/hosts文件增加解析

199.232.68.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
199.232.68.133 user-images.githubusercontent.com
199.232.68.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com
199.232.68.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system

NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95 1/1 Running 0 72s

九. 测试kubernetes集群

在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod,验证是否正常运行:

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
kubectl get pod,svc

访问地址:http://NodeIP:Port (node1、node2都可访问)

k8s部署多个redis副本_json_15