JVM监控界面

skywalking java agent归档版本 skywalking jvm 设置_ide

 

官方文档的SkyWalking架构图

skywalking java agent归档版本 skywalking jvm 设置_JVM_02

 

 

JVM指标收集大概的示意图

skywalking java agent归档版本 skywalking jvm 设置_JVM_03

Agengt数据收集上报

采集数据

JVM数据的采集是通过运行在用户机器上的agent实现的，agent是独立于用户程序的一个jar包，其原理可以参考Java 动态调试技术原理及实践这篇文章，这里介绍agent采集数据的简要流程。

  1. agent启动时，会通过Java的SPI机制，这也是SkyWalking的插件模式的原理，将实现BootService的类全部加载，其中就包括了JVMService.java和JVMMetricsSender.java，该类的boot方法会启动两个线程池，分别执行JVMService的run方法和JVMMetricsSender的run方法
@Override
public void boot() throws Throwable {
    collectMetricFuture = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(
        new DefaultNamedThreadFactory("JVMService-produce"))
                                   .scheduleAtFixedRate(new RunnableWithExceptionProtection(
                                       this,
                                       new RunnableWithExceptionProtection.CallbackWhenException() {
                                           @Override
                                           public void handle(Throwable t) {
                                               LOGGER.error("JVMService produces metrics failure.", t);
                                           }
                                       }
                                   ), 0, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    sendMetricFuture = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(
        new DefaultNamedThreadFactory("JVMService-consume"))
                                .scheduleAtFixedRate(new RunnableWithExceptionProtection(
                                    sender,
                                    new RunnableWithExceptionProtection.CallbackWhenException() {
                                        @Override
                                        public void handle(Throwable t) {
                                            LOGGER.error("JVMService consumes and upload failure.", t);
                                        }
                                    }
                                ), 0, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}

 

  1. JVMService的run方法会每秒被线程池执行一次，通过java.lang.management提供的工具采集JVM的各项指标，然后调用sender.offer将生成的JVMMetric发送到内存中的阻塞队列（LinkedBlockingQueue<JVMMetric>）
@Override
public void run() {
    long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
    try {
        JVMMetric.Builder jvmBuilder = JVMMetric.newBuilder();
        jvmBuilder.setTime(currentTimeMillis);
        jvmBuilder.setCpu(CPUProvider.INSTANCE.getCpuMetric());
        jvmBuilder.addAllMemory(MemoryProvider.INSTANCE.getMemoryMetricList());
        jvmBuilder.addAllMemoryPool(MemoryPoolProvider.INSTANCE.getMemoryPoolMetricsList());
        jvmBuilder.addAllGc(GCProvider.INSTANCE.getGCList());
        jvmBuilder.setThread(ThreadProvider.INSTANCE.getThreadMetrics());
        jvmBuilder.setClazz(ClassProvider.INSTANCE.getClassMetrics());

        JVMMetric jvmMetric = jvmBuilder.build();
        sender.offer(jvmMetric);

        // refresh cpu usage percent
        cpuUsagePercent = jvmMetric.getCpu().getUsagePercent();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        LOGGER.error(e, "Collect JVM info fail.");
    }
}

 

发送数据

  1. JVMMetricsSender的run方法会每秒被线程池执行一次，当建立RPC连接后，会将数据通过gRPC发送到服务端，并接收返回值
@Override
public void run() {
    if (status == GRPCChannelStatus.CONNECTED) {
        try {
            JVMMetricCollection.Builder builder = JVMMetricCollection.newBuilder();
            LinkedList<JVMMetric> buffer = new LinkedList<>();
            queue.drainTo(buffer);
            if (buffer.size() > 0) {
                builder.addAllMetrics(buffer);
                builder.setService(Config.Agent.SERVICE_NAME);
                builder.setServiceInstance(Config.Agent.INSTANCE_NAME);
                // 数据发送到服务端
                Commands commands = stub.withDeadlineAfter(GRPC_UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                                        .collect(builder.build());
                // 处理返回值
                ServiceManager.INSTANCE.findService(CommandService.class).receiveCommand(commands);
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            LOGGER.error(t, "send JVM metrics to Collector fail.");
            ServiceManager.INSTANCE.findService(GRPCChannelManager.class).reportError(t);
        }
    }
}

 

Server数据接收处理

在调试项目的过程中，发现Server端处理Java Agent上报的JVM指标数据的类是动态加载的，然后进一步发现是通过OAL和预先定义好的代码模板，借助Antlr4生成的类，这里先介绍SkyWalking Server中的动态生成类。

动态生成类

OAL（Observably Analysis Language）是借助Antlr4自定义的一套语言，通过该语言，对从服务、服务实例和EndPioint等收集到的指标进行流式处理 

 

  1. Server端的启动过程也使用了Java的SPI机制，启动时，会调用ModuleManager的init方法将继承了ModuleDefine（模块定义类）和ModuleProvider（模块提供类）的类全部加载到JVM中，并且执行这些类的prepare和start方法，这其中就包括JVMModule.java和JVMModuleProvider.java
public void init(
    ApplicationConfiguration applicationConfiguration) throws ModuleNotFoundException, ProviderNotFoundException, ServiceNotProvidedException, CycleDependencyException, ModuleConfigException, ModuleStartException {
    String[] moduleNames = applicationConfiguration.moduleList();
    ServiceLoader<ModuleDefine> moduleServiceLoader = ServiceLoader.load(ModuleDefine.class);
    ServiceLoader<ModuleProvider> moduleProviderLoader = ServiceLoader.load(ModuleProvider.class);

    HashSet<String> moduleSet = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(moduleNames));
    for (ModuleDefine module : moduleServiceLoader) {
        // 遍历所有模块定义类，并调用这些类的provider 执行 prepare方法
        if (moduleSet.contains(module.name())) {
            module.prepare(this, applicationConfiguration.getModuleConfiguration(module.name()), moduleProviderLoader);
            loadedModules.put(module.name(), module);
            moduleSet.remove(module.name());
        }
    }
    // Finish prepare stage
    isInPrepareStage = false;

    if (moduleSet.size() > 0) {
        throw new ModuleNotFoundException(moduleSet.toString() + " missing.");
    }

    BootstrapFlow bootstrapFlow = new BootstrapFlow(loadedModules);

    // 调用加载的类的start方法
    bootstrapFlow.start(this);
    bootstrapFlow.notifyAfterCompleted();
}
  1. JVMModuleProvider的start方法会通过CoreModuleProvider获取到的OALEngineLoaderService，并通过OALEngineLoaderService的load方法完成动态类的生成：
  1. JVMModuleProvider的start方法 
@Override
public void start() throws ModuleStartException {
    // load official analysis
    getManager().find(CoreModule.NAME)
                .provider()
                .getService(OALEngineLoaderService.class)
                .load(JVMOALDefine.INSTANCE);

    GRPCHandlerRegister grpcHandlerRegister = getManager().find(SharingServerModule.NAME)
                                                          .provider()
                                                          .getService(GRPCHandlerRegister.class);
    JVMMetricReportServiceHandler jvmMetricReportServiceHandler = new JVMMetricReportServiceHandler(getManager());
    grpcHandlerRegister.addHandler(jvmMetricReportServiceHandler);
    grpcHandlerRegister.addHandler(new JVMMetricReportServiceHandlerCompat(jvmMetricReportServiceHandler));
}


public class JVMOALDefine extends OALDefine {
    public static final JVMOALDefine INSTANCE = new JVMOALDefine();

    private JVMOALDefine() {
        super(
            "oal/java-agent.oal",
            "org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.core.source"
        );
    }
}
  1. OALEngineLoaderService的load方法主要完成下面的事情：
  1. 通过反射和OALDefine中定义的configFile、sourcePackage等获取到一个OALRuntime实例
  2. 设置对应的StreamListener、DispatcherListener和StorageBuilderFactory
  3. 调用OALRuntime的start方法，完成动态类的生成
  4. 通知所有监听器，将动态生成的Metrics添加到MetricsStreamProcessor以生成相关的表和工作流工作任务，将SourceDispatch实现类添加至DispatcherManager 
public void load(OALDefine define) throws ModuleStartException {
    if (oalDefineSet.contains(define)) {
        // each oal define will only be activated once
        return;
    }
    try {
        // 通过反射和OALDefine中定义的configFile、sourcePackage等获取到一个OALRuntime实例
        OALEngine engine = loadOALEngine(define);
        // 设置对应的StreamListener、DispatcherListener和StorageBuilderFactory
        StreamAnnotationListener streamAnnotationListener = new StreamAnnotationListener(moduleManager);
        engine.setStreamListener(streamAnnotationListener);
        engine.setDispatcherListener(moduleManager.find(CoreModule.NAME)
                                                  .provider()
                                                  .getService(SourceReceiver.class)
                                                  .getDispatcherDetectorListener());
        engine.setStorageBuilderFactory(moduleManager.find(StorageModule.NAME)
                                                     .provider()
                                                     .getService(StorageBuilderFactory.class));
        // 调用OALRuntime的start方法，完成动态类的生成
        engine.start(OALEngineLoaderService.class.getClassLoader());
        // 通知所有监听器，将动态生成的Metrics添加到MetricsStreamProcessor，SourceDispatch至DispatcherManager
        engine.notifyAllListeners();

        oalDefineSet.add(define);
    } catch (ReflectiveOperationException | OALCompileException e) {
        throw new ModuleStartException(e.getMessage(), e);
    }
}


@Override
public void notifyAllListeners() throws ModuleStartException {
    for (Class metricsClass : metricsClasses) {
        try {
            streamAnnotationListener.notify(metricsClass);
        } catch (StorageException e) {
            throw new ModuleStartException(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
    for (Class dispatcherClass : dispatcherClasses) {
        try {
            dispatcherDetectorListener.addIfAsSourceDispatcher(dispatcherClass);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ModuleStartException(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
}
  1. OALRuntime的start方法主要完成了下面的工作：
  1. 通过JVMOALDefine中的位置，读取java-agent.oal文件
  2. 获取获取oal脚本解析器和OALScripts
  3. 调用generateClassAtRuntime(oalScripts)方法根据代码模板（oap-server/oal-rt/src/main/resources/code-templates）动态生成指标类和dispatcher类
public void start(ClassLoader currentClassLoader) throws ModuleStartException, OALCompileException {
    if (!IS_RT_TEMP_FOLDER_INIT_COMPLETED) {
        prepareRTTempFolder();
        IS_RT_TEMP_FOLDER_INIT_COMPLETED = true;
    }

    this.currentClassLoader = currentClassLoader;
    Reader read;

    try {
        // 读取oal文件
        read = ResourceUtils.read(oalDefine.getConfigFile());
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        throw new ModuleStartException("Can't locate " + oalDefine.getConfigFile(), e);
    }

    OALScripts oalScripts;
    try {
        // 获取oal脚本解析器
        ScriptParser scriptParser = ScriptParser.createFromFile(read, oalDefine.getSourcePackage());
        // 获取oal脚本OALScripts
        oalScripts = scriptParser.parse();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new ModuleStartException("OAL script parse analysis failure.", e);
    }

    // 动态生成类
    this.generateClassAtRuntime(oalScripts);
}

// 获取oal脚本解析器
public static ScriptParser createFromFile(Reader scriptReader, String sourcePackage) throws IOException {
    ScriptParser parser = new ScriptParser();
    parser.lexer = new OALLexer(CharStreams.fromReader(scriptReader));
    parser.sourcePackage = sourcePackage;
    return parser;
}

// 获取oal脚本OALScripts
public OALScripts parse() throws IOException {
    OALScripts scripts = new OALScripts();

    CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);

    OALParser parser = new OALParser(tokens);

    ParseTree tree = parser.root();
    ParseTreeWalker walker = new ParseTreeWalker();

    walker.walk(new OALListener(scripts, sourcePackage), tree);

    return scripts;
}


private void generateClassAtRuntime(OALScripts oalScripts) throws OALCompileException {
    List<AnalysisResult> metricsStmts = oalScripts.getMetricsStmts();
    metricsStmts.forEach(this::buildDispatcherContext);

    for (AnalysisResult metricsStmt : metricsStmts) {
        metricsClasses.add(generateMetricsClass(metricsStmt));
        generateMetricsBuilderClass(metricsStmt);
    }

    for (Map.Entry<String, DispatcherContext> entry : allDispatcherContext.getAllContext().entrySet()) {
        dispatcherClasses.add(generateDispatcherClass(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
    }

    oalScripts.getDisableCollection().getAllDisableSources().forEach(disable -> {
        DisableRegister.INSTANCE.add(disable);
    });
}

动态生成的类的示例（环境变量）

ServiceInstanceJVMGCDispatcher.class 

public class ServiceInstanceJVMGCDispatcher implements SourceDispatcher<ServiceInstanceJVMGC> {
    private void doInstanceJvmYoungGcTime(ServiceInstanceJVMGC var1) {
        if ((new StringMatch()).match(var1.getPhase(), GCPhase.NEW)) {
            InstanceJvmYoungGcTimeMetrics var2 = new InstanceJvmYoungGcTimeMetrics();
            var2.setTimeBucket(var1.getTimeBucket());
            var2.setEntityId(var1.getEntityId());
            var2.setServiceId(var1.getServiceId());
            var2.combine(var1.getTime());
            MetricsStreamProcessor.getInstance().in(var2);
        }
    }

    private void doInstanceJvmOldGcTime(ServiceInstanceJVMGC var1) {
        if ((new StringMatch()).match(var1.getPhase(), GCPhase.OLD)) {
            InstanceJvmOldGcTimeMetrics var2 = new InstanceJvmOldGcTimeMetrics();
            var2.setTimeBucket(var1.getTimeBucket());
            var2.setEntityId(var1.getEntityId());
            var2.setServiceId(var1.getServiceId());
            var2.combine(var1.getTime());
            MetricsStreamProcessor.getInstance().in(var2);
        }
    }

    private void doInstanceJvmNormalGcTime(ServiceInstanceJVMGC var1) {
        if ((new StringMatch()).match(var1.getPhase(), GCPhase.NORMAL)) {
            InstanceJvmNormalGcTimeMetrics var2 = new InstanceJvmNormalGcTimeMetrics();
            var2.setTimeBucket(var1.getTimeBucket());
            var2.setEntityId(var1.getEntityId());
            var2.setServiceId(var1.getServiceId());
            var2.combine(var1.getTime());
            MetricsStreamProcessor.getInstance().in(var2);
        }
    }

    private void doInstanceJvmYoungGcCount(ServiceInstanceJVMGC var1) {
        if ((new StringMatch()).match(var1.getPhase(), GCPhase.NEW)) {
            InstanceJvmYoungGcCountMetrics var2 = new InstanceJvmYoungGcCountMetrics();
            var2.setTimeBucket(var1.getTimeBucket());
            var2.setEntityId(var1.getEntityId());
            var2.setServiceId(var1.getServiceId());
            var2.combine(var1.getCount());
            MetricsStreamProcessor.getInstance().in(var2);
        }
    }

    private void doInstanceJvmOldGcCount(ServiceInstanceJVMGC var1) {
        if ((new StringMatch()).match(var1.getPhase(), GCPhase.OLD)) {
            InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics var2 = new InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics();
            var2.setTimeBucket(var1.getTimeBucket());
            var2.setEntityId(var1.getEntityId());
            var2.setServiceId(var1.getServiceId());
            var2.combine(var1.getCount());
            MetricsStreamProcessor.getInstance().in(var2);
        }
    }

    private void doInstanceJvmNormalGcCount(ServiceInstanceJVMGC var1) {
        if ((new StringMatch()).match(var1.getPhase(), GCPhase.NORMAL)) {
            InstanceJvmNormalGcCountMetrics var2 = new InstanceJvmNormalGcCountMetrics();
            var2.setTimeBucket(var1.getTimeBucket());
            var2.setEntityId(var1.getEntityId());
            var2.setServiceId(var1.getServiceId());
            var2.combine(var1.getCount());
            MetricsStreamProcessor.getInstance().in(var2);
        }
    }

    public void dispatch(ISource var1) {
        ServiceInstanceJVMGC var2 = (ServiceInstanceJVMGC)var1;
        this.doInstanceJvmYoungGcTime(var2);
        this.doInstanceJvmOldGcTime(var2);
        this.doInstanceJvmNormalGcTime(var2);
        this.doInstanceJvmYoungGcCount(var2);
        this.doInstanceJvmOldGcCount(var2);
        this.doInstanceJvmNormalGcCount(var2);
    }

    public ServiceInstanceJVMGCDispatcher() {
    }
}

InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics.class 

@Stream(
    name = "instance_jvm_old_gc_count",
    scopeId = 11,
    builder = InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetricsBuilder.class,
    processor = MetricsStreamProcessor.class
)
public class InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics extends SumMetrics implements WithMetadata {
    @Column(
        columnName = "entity_id",
        length = 512
    )
    private String entityId;
    @Column(
        columnName = "service_id",
        length = 256
    )
    private String serviceId;

    public InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics() {
    }

    public String getEntityId() {
        return this.entityId;
    }

    public void setEntityId(String var1) {
        this.entityId = var1;
    }

    public String getServiceId() {
        return this.serviceId;
    }

    public void setServiceId(String var1) {
        this.serviceId = var1;
    }

    protected String id0() {
        StringBuilder var1 = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(this.getTimeBucket()));
        var1.append("_").append(this.entityId);
        return var1.toString();
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        byte var1 = 17;
        int var2 = 31 * var1 + this.entityId.hashCode();
        var2 = 31 * var2 + (int)this.getTimeBucket();
        return var2;
    }

    public int remoteHashCode() {
        byte var1 = 17;
        int var2 = 31 * var1 + this.entityId.hashCode();
        return var2;
    }

    public boolean equals(Object var1) {
        if (this == var1) {
            return true;
        } else if (var1 == null) {
            return false;
        } else if (this.getClass() != var1.getClass()) {
            return false;
        } else {
            InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics var2 = (InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics)var1;
            if (!this.entityId.equals(var2.entityId)) {
                return false;
            } else {
                return this.getTimeBucket() == var2.getTimeBucket();
            }
        }
    }

    public Builder serialize() {
        Builder var1 = RemoteData.newBuilder();
        var1.addDataStrings(this.getEntityId());
        var1.addDataStrings(this.getServiceId());
        var1.addDataLongs(this.getValue());
        var1.addDataLongs(this.getTimeBucket());
        return var1;
    }

    public void deserialize(RemoteData var1) {
        this.setEntityId(var1.getDataStrings(0));
        this.setServiceId(var1.getDataStrings(1));
        this.setValue(var1.getDataLongs(0));
        this.setTimeBucket(var1.getDataLongs(1));
    }

    public MetricsMetaInfo getMeta() {
        return new MetricsMetaInfo("instance_jvm_old_gc_count", 11, this.entityId);
    }

    public Metrics toHour() {
        InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics var1 = new InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics();
        var1.setEntityId(this.getEntityId());
        var1.setServiceId(this.getServiceId());
        var1.setValue(this.getValue());
        var1.setTimeBucket(this.toTimeBucketInHour());
        return var1;
    }

    public Metrics toDay() {
        InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics var1 = new InstanceJvmOldGcCountMetrics();
        var1.setEntityId(this.getEntityId());
        var1.setServiceId(this.getServiceId());
        var1.setValue(this.getValue());
        var1.setTimeBucket(this.toTimeBucketInDay());
        return var1;
    }
}

 

接收数据

客户端和服务端采用的是gRPC通信，对应的proto文件是JVMMetric.proto： 

syntax = "proto3";

package skywalking.v3;

option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_package = "org.apache.skywalking.apm.network.language.agent.v3";
option csharp_namespace = "SkyWalking.NetworkProtocol.V3";
option go_package = "skywalking.apache.org/repo/goapi/collect/language/agent/v3";

import "common/Common.proto";

// Define the JVM metrics report service.
service JVMMetricReportService {
    rpc collect (JVMMetricCollection) returns (Commands) {
    }
}

message JVMMetricCollection {
    repeated JVMMetric metrics = 1;
    string service = 2;
    string serviceInstance = 3;
}

message JVMMetric {
    int64 time = 1;
    CPU cpu = 2;
    repeated Memory memory = 3;
    repeated MemoryPool memoryPool = 4;
    repeated GC gc = 5;
    Thread thread = 6;
    Class clazz = 7;
}

message Memory {
    bool isHeap = 1;
    int64 init = 2;
    int64 max = 3;
    int64 used = 4;
    int64 committed = 5;
}

message MemoryPool {
    PoolType type = 1;
    int64 init = 2;
    int64 max = 3;
    int64 used = 4;
    int64 committed = 5;
}

enum PoolType {
    CODE_CACHE_USAGE = 0;
    NEWGEN_USAGE = 1;
    OLDGEN_USAGE = 2;
    SURVIVOR_USAGE = 3;
    PERMGEN_USAGE = 4;
    METASPACE_USAGE = 5;
}

message GC {
    GCPhase phase = 1;
    int64 count = 2;
    int64 time = 3;
}

enum GCPhase {
    NEW = 0;
    OLD = 1;
    NORMAL = 2; // The type of GC doesn't have new and old phases, like Z Garbage Collector (ZGC)
}

// See: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/management/ThreadMXBean.html
message Thread {
    int64 liveCount = 1;
    int64 daemonCount = 2;
    int64 peakCount = 3;
    int64 runnableStateThreadCount = 4;
    int64 blockedStateThreadCount = 5;
    int64 waitingStateThreadCount = 6;
    int64 timedWaitingStateThreadCount = 7;
}

// See: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/management/ClassLoadingMXBean.html
message Class {
    int64 loadedClassCount = 1;
    int64 totalUnloadedClassCount = 2;
    int64 totalLoadedClassCount = 3;
}

一个请求实例

metrics{
    time: 1652800359303cpu{
        usagePercent: 0.03829805239617419
    }memory{
        isHeap: trueinit: 536870912max: 7635730432used: 301977016committed: 850395136
    }memory{
        init: 2555904max: -1used: 81238712committed: 84606976
    }memoryPool{
        init: 2555904max: 251658240used: 22219264committed: 22478848
    }memoryPool{
        type: METASPACE_USAGEmax: -1used: 52060512committed: 54657024
    }memoryPool{
        type: PERMGEN_USAGEmax: 1073741824used: 6958936committed: 7471104
    }memoryPool{
        type: NEWGEN_USAGEinit: 134742016max: 2845310976used: 276025736committed: 588251136
    }memoryPool{
        type: SURVIVOR_USAGEinit: 22020096max: 11010048used: 10771496committed: 11010048
    }memoryPool{
        type: OLDGEN_USAGEinit: 358088704max: 5726797824used: 15179784committed: 251133952
    }gc{
        
    }gc{
        phase: OLD
    }thread{
        liveCount: 45daemonCount: 41peakCount: 46runnableStateThreadCount: 17waitingStateThreadCount: 14timedWaitingStateThreadCount: 14
    }clazz{
        loadedClassCount: 9685totalLoadedClassCount: 9685
    }
}service: "Your_ApplicationName"serviceInstance: "d7a7de5f385149dfb49b8d23e8b6fbc9@10.4.77.148"


  1. 接收数据的入口是：org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.receiver.jvm.provider.handler.JVMMetricReportServiceHandler#collect，该方法主要完成以下工作：接收JVMMetricCollection并将其转换成Builder，遍历其中的Metrics，并调用jvmSourceDispatcher.sendMetric把数据发送到内存对列中 
@Override
public void collect(JVMMetricCollection request, StreamObserver<Commands> responseObserver) {
    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
        log.debug(
            "receive the jvm metrics from service instance, name: {}, instance: {}",
            request.getService(),
            request.getServiceInstance()
        );
    }
    final JVMMetricCollection.Builder builder = request.toBuilder();
    builder.setService(namingControl.formatServiceName(builder.getService()));
    builder.setServiceInstance(namingControl.formatInstanceName(builder.getServiceInstance()));

    builder.getMetricsList().forEach(jvmMetric -> {
        jvmSourceDispatcher.sendMetric(builder.getService(), builder.getServiceInstance(), jvmMetric);
    });

    responseObserver.onNext(Commands.newBuilder().build());
    responseObserver.onCompleted();
}
  1. jvmSourceDispatcher.sendMetric会调用SourceReceiverImpl的receive方法，该方法会从dispatcherMap中根据Source的Scope获取出对应的Dispatcher（JVM相关指标的的Dispatcher是通过OAL动态生成的，上文中已介绍）
  2. 通过上文展示的ServiceInstanceJVMGCDispatcher.class中可以看到，最终会调用MetricsStreamProcessor.java的in方法，最终将数据传入到自定义的阻塞队列org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.library.datacarrier.buffer.Channels（基于ArrayBlockingQueue封装的），此时服务端接收数据的流程基本结束

 

处理数据

Server端的数据处理环节主要是把内存队列中的数据持久化到存储系统。

  1. 在上文中提到的OAL动态生成类后，会调用MetricsStreamProcessor的create方法会为每个指标创建工作任务和工作流，其中就包含了三种类型的MetricsPersistentWorker，分别每分钟、小时和天进行一次持久化；同时会调用modelSetter.add通过通知建表监听任务完成数据库表的创建（根据动态生成的类及其父类的字段建表） 
public void create(ModuleDefineHolder moduleDefineHolder,
                   StreamDefinition stream,
                   Class<? extends Metrics> metricsClass) throws StorageException {
    final StorageBuilderFactory storageBuilderFactory = moduleDefineHolder.find(StorageModule.NAME)
                                                                          .provider()
                                                                          .getService(StorageBuilderFactory.class);
    final Class<? extends StorageBuilder> builder = storageBuilderFactory.builderOf(
        metricsClass, stream.getBuilder());

    StorageDAO storageDAO = moduleDefineHolder.find(StorageModule.NAME).provider().getService(StorageDAO.class);
    IMetricsDAO metricsDAO;
    try {
        metricsDAO = storageDAO.newMetricsDao(builder.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance());
    } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) {
        throw new UnexpectedException("Create " + stream.getBuilder().getSimpleName() + " metrics DAO failure.", e);
    }

    ModelCreator modelSetter = moduleDefineHolder.find(CoreModule.NAME).provider().getService(ModelCreator.class);
    DownSamplingConfigService configService = moduleDefineHolder.find(CoreModule.NAME)
                                                                .provider()
                                                                .getService(DownSamplingConfigService.class);

    MetricsPersistentWorker hourPersistentWorker = null;
    MetricsPersistentWorker dayPersistentWorker = null;

    MetricsTransWorker transWorker = null;

    final MetricsExtension metricsExtension = metricsClass.getAnnotation(MetricsExtension.class);
    /**
     * All metrics default are `supportDownSampling` and `insertAndUpdate`, unless it has explicit definition.
     */
    boolean supportDownSampling = true;
    boolean supportUpdate = true;
    boolean timeRelativeID = true;
    if (metricsExtension != null) {
        supportDownSampling = metricsExtension.supportDownSampling();
        supportUpdate = metricsExtension.supportUpdate();
        timeRelativeID = metricsExtension.timeRelativeID();
    }
    if (supportDownSampling) {
        if (configService.shouldToHour()) {
            Model model = modelSetter.add(
                metricsClass, stream.getScopeId(), new Storage(stream.getName(), timeRelativeID, DownSampling.Hour),
                false
            );
            hourPersistentWorker = downSamplingWorker(moduleDefineHolder, metricsDAO, model, supportUpdate);
        }
        if (configService.shouldToDay()) {
            Model model = modelSetter.add(
                metricsClass, stream.getScopeId(), new Storage(stream.getName(), timeRelativeID, DownSampling.Day),
                false
            );
            dayPersistentWorker = downSamplingWorker(moduleDefineHolder, metricsDAO, model, supportUpdate);
        }

        transWorker = new MetricsTransWorker(
            moduleDefineHolder, hourPersistentWorker, dayPersistentWorker);
    }

    Model model = modelSetter.add(
        metricsClass, stream.getScopeId(), new Storage(stream.getName(), timeRelativeID, DownSampling.Minute),
        false
    );
    MetricsPersistentWorker minutePersistentWorker = minutePersistentWorker(
        moduleDefineHolder, metricsDAO, model, transWorker, supportUpdate);

    String remoteReceiverWorkerName = stream.getName() + "_rec";
    IWorkerInstanceSetter workerInstanceSetter = moduleDefineHolder.find(CoreModule.NAME)
                                                                   .provider()
                                                                   .getService(IWorkerInstanceSetter.class);
    workerInstanceSetter.put(remoteReceiverWorkerName, minutePersistentWorker, metricsClass);

    MetricsRemoteWorker remoteWorker = new MetricsRemoteWorker(moduleDefineHolder, remoteReceiverWorkerName);
    MetricsAggregateWorker aggregateWorker = new MetricsAggregateWorker(
        moduleDefineHolder, remoteWorker, stream.getName(), l1FlushPeriod);

    entryWorkers.put(metricsClass, aggregateWorker);
}
  2. MetricsPersistentWorker会为每种计算类型的指标（比如METRICS_L2_AGGREGATION）创建一个ConsumerPoolFactory，并为每种类型的指标创建一个PersistentConsumer和DataCarrier<Metrics>（封装了暂存Channel的内存队列）

    3. skywalking java agent归档版本 skywalking jvm 设置_JVM_04

  3. DataCarrier的consume方法为DataCarrier中的Channel添加一个ConsumerPool去消费，DataCarrier的consume方法会调用ConsumerPool的实现类BulkConsumePool的begin方法，启动所有的Consumer 
MetricsPersistentWorker(ModuleDefineHolder moduleDefineHolder, Model model, IMetricsDAO metricsDAO,
                        AbstractWorker<Metrics> nextAlarmWorker, AbstractWorker<ExportEvent> nextExportWorker,
                        MetricsTransWorker transWorker, boolean enableDatabaseSession, boolean supportUpdate,
                        long storageSessionTimeout, int metricsDataTTL) {
    super(moduleDefineHolder, new ReadWriteSafeCache<>(new MergableBufferedData(), new MergableBufferedData()));
    this.model = model;
    this.context = new HashMap<>(100);
    this.enableDatabaseSession = enableDatabaseSession;
    this.metricsDAO = metricsDAO;
    this.nextAlarmWorker = Optional.ofNullable(nextAlarmWorker);
    this.nextExportWorker = Optional.ofNullable(nextExportWorker);
    this.transWorker = Optional.ofNullable(transWorker);
    this.supportUpdate = supportUpdate;
    this.sessionTimeout = storageSessionTimeout;
    this.persistentCounter = 0;
    this.persistentMod = 1;
    this.metricsDataTTL = metricsDataTTL;
    this.skipDefaultValueMetric = true;

    String name = "METRICS_L2_AGGREGATION";
    int size = BulkConsumePool.Creator.recommendMaxSize() / 8;
    if (size == 0) {
        size = 1;
    }
    BulkConsumePool.Creator creator = new BulkConsumePool.Creator(name, size, 20);
    try {
        ConsumerPoolFactory.INSTANCE.createIfAbsent(name, creator);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new UnexpectedException(e.getMessage(), e);
    }

    this.dataCarrier = new DataCarrier<>("MetricsPersistentWorker." + model.getName(), name, 1, 2000);
    this.dataCarrier.consume(ConsumerPoolFactory.INSTANCE.get(name), new PersistentConsumer());

    MetricsCreator metricsCreator = moduleDefineHolder.find(TelemetryModule.NAME)
                                                      .provider()
                                                      .getService(MetricsCreator.class);
    aggregationCounter = metricsCreator.createCounter(
        "metrics_aggregation", "The number of rows in aggregation",
        new MetricsTag.Keys("metricName", "level", "dimensionality"),
        new MetricsTag.Values(model.getName(), "2", model.getDownsampling().getName())
    );
    skippedMetricsCounter = metricsCreator.createCounter(
        "metrics_persistence_skipped", "The number of metrics skipped in persistence due to be in default value",
        new MetricsTag.Keys("metricName", "dimensionality"),
        new MetricsTag.Values(model.getName(), model.getDownsampling().getName())
    );
    SESSION_TIMEOUT_OFFSITE_COUNTER++;
}


/**
 * set consumeDriver to this Carrier. consumer begin to run when {@link DataCarrier#produce} begin to work.
 *
 * @param consumer single instance of consumer, all consumer threads will all use this instance.
 * @param num      number of consumer threads
 */
public DataCarrier consume(IConsumer<T> consumer, int num, long consumeCycle) {
    if (driver != null) {
        driver.close(channels);
    }
    driver = new ConsumeDriver<T>(this.name, this.channels, consumer, num, consumeCycle);
    driver.begin(channels);
    return this;
}
  1. PersistentConsumer将消费对应Channel中的数据，并暂存到ReadWriteSafeCache中
  2. CoreModule启动时会加载PersistenceTimer，PersistenceTimer会启动一个线程池，线程池中线程执行的方法会：
  1. 获取MetricsStreamProcessor.getInstance().getPersistentWorkers()的所有PersistentWorkers，包括上面创建的MetricsPersistentWorker
  2. 调用MetricsPersistentWorker的worker.buildBatchRequests()方法创建批量持久化的请求innerPrepareRequests，buildBatchRequests会读取ReadWriteSafeCache中的数据；
  3. 调用H2BatchDAO类型的对象batchDAO的flush(innerPrepareRequests)完成持久化

 

数据存储模型

以存储运行状态的Java线程为例，MySQL建表语句为 

CREATE TABLE `instance_jvm_thread_runnable_state_thread_count` (
  `id` varchar(512) NOT NULL, /* id = time_bucket + "_" + entity_id */
  `entity_id` varchar(512) DEFAULT NULL,/* 根据service_id 和 serviece_instance_id 生成*/
  `service_id` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, /* 根据客户端配置的service name生成 */
  `summation` bigint DEFAULT NULL,
  `count` bigint DEFAULT NULL,
  `value_` bigint DEFAULT NULL, /* value = （int）summation/count */
  `time_bucket` bigint DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `INSTANCE_JVM_THREAD_RUNNABLE_STATE_THREAD_COUNT_0_IDX` (`value_`),
  KEY `INSTANCE_JVM_THREAD_RUNNABLE_STATE_THREAD_COUNT_1_IDX` (`time_bucket`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

 

前端数据查询

使用开发者工具，可以看到前端获取JVM指标是通过/graphql接口，进一步查看代码，发现用的是Armeria框架和GraphQL，在初步看了上面两个技术的介绍后，总结出前端数据查询的大概流程：

Server端启动时，当CoreModule及其依赖初始化后，会调用UITemplateInitializer(getManager()).initAll()完成UI模版的加载，UI模版的位置是：oap-server/server-starter/src/main/resources/ui-initialized-templates

同时也会使用SPI机制加载GraphQLQueryProvider，并调用期prepare和start方法完成查询模块的初始化

前端发送的GraphQL被解析到指定的服务，比如MetricsQuery的readMetricsValues方法，该方法会最终调用对应的DAO层代码（根据不同数据库），以MySQL为例，最终调用H2MetricsQueryDAO的readMetricsValue，进行SQL语句的拼接和执行

 

前端查询示例： 

// 请求
{
  "query": "query queryData($duration: Duration!,$condition0: MetricsCondition!,$condition1: MetricsCondition!,$condition2: MetricsCondition!,$condition3: MetricsCondition!) {instance_jvm_memory_noheap_max0: readMetricsValues(condition: $condition0, duration: $duration){\n    label\n    values {\n      values {value}\n    }\n  },instance_jvm_memory_noheap1: readMetricsValues(condition: $condition1, duration: $duration){\n    label\n    values {\n      values {value}\n    }\n  },instance_jvm_memory_heap2: readMetricsValues(condition: $condition2, duration: $duration){\n    label\n    values {\n      values {value}\n    }\n  },instance_jvm_memory_heap_max3: readMetricsValues(condition: $condition3, duration: $duration){\n    label\n    values {\n      values {value}\n    }\n  }}",
  "variables": {
    "duration": {
      "start": "2022-05-18 2041",
      "end": "2022-05-18 2111",
      "step": "MINUTE"
    },
    "condition0": {
      "name": "instance_jvm_memory_noheap_max",
      "entity": {
        "scope": "ServiceInstance",
        "serviceName": "Your_ApplicationName",
        "normal": true,
        "serviceInstanceName": "d7a7de5f385149dfb49b8d23e8b6fbc9@10.4.77.148"
      }
    },
    "condition1": {
      "name": "instance_jvm_memory_noheap",
      "entity": {
        "scope": "ServiceInstance",
        "serviceName": "Your_ApplicationName",
        "normal": true,
        "serviceInstanceName": "d7a7de5f385149dfb49b8d23e8b6fbc9@10.4.77.148"
      }
    },
    "condition2": {
      "name": "instance_jvm_memory_heap",
      "entity": {
        "scope": "ServiceInstance",
        "serviceName": "Your_ApplicationName",
        "normal": true,
        "serviceInstanceName": "d7a7de5f385149dfb49b8d23e8b6fbc9@10.4.77.148"
      }
    },
    "condition3": {
      "name": "instance_jvm_memory_heap_max",
      "entity": {
        "scope": "ServiceInstance",
        "serviceName": "Your_ApplicationName",
        "normal": true,
        "serviceInstanceName": "d7a7de5f385149dfb49b8d23e8b6fbc9@10.4.77.148"
      }
    }
  }
}

// 响应
{
  "data": {
    "instance_jvm_memory_noheap_max0": {
      "label": null,
      "values": {
        "values": [
          {
            "value": 0
          }
          // 省略...
         
        ]
      }
    },
    "instance_jvm_memory_noheap1": {
      "label": null,
      "values": {
        "values": [
          {
            "value": 0
          },
         // 省略...
        ]
      }
    },
    "instance_jvm_memory_heap2": {
      "label": null,
      "values": {
        "values": [
          {
            "value": 0
          },
         // 省略...
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "instance_jvm_memory_heap_max3": {
      "label": null,
      "values": {
        "values": [
          {
            "value": 0
          } // 省略...
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

 

总结

  1. Agent端和Server端都适用了SPI机制完成相关模块的加载，为系统提供了很高的扩展性
  2. Agent端收集数据和上报数据的操作通过内存队列LinkedBlockingQueue解耦，可以避免网络通信堵塞造成的数据收集不全
  3. Agent端和Server端通过gRPC方式通信（go2sky上报trace信息也是如此）
  4. Server端也创建了大量的线程池和内存队列，用来接收数据、处理数据和持久化数据
  5. Server端处理数据用到了借助Antlr4定义的OAL语言，处理前端请求使用了GraphQL，后续需要对这两部分有更深入的理解
  6. SkyWalking的源码用到了大量的设计模式，比如观察者模式（各种listener）、单例模式（Enum实现）等，后续如果发现了某种设计模式，可以及时记录，后期可总结一下
  7. 更详细的流程还需要进一步阅读和调试代码，此文档会持续更新