OpenStack 创建虚拟机

OpenStack 是一个开源的云计算平台，它提供了一套完整的工具和服务，帮助用户快速搭建和管理自己的私有云环境。其中，创建虚拟机是 OpenStack 中最基本也是最常用的功能之一。本文将介绍如何使用 OpenStack API 创建虚拟机，并附上相应的代码示例。

OpenStack 虚拟机创建流程

在开始编写代码之前，我们先来了解一下 OpenStack 创建虚拟机的流程：

  1. 连接到 OpenStack 控制节点。
  2. 验证用户身份。
  3. 创建虚拟机所需的各种资源，包括虚拟机镜像、网络以及安全组等。
  4. 创建虚拟机。
  5. 启动虚拟机。

下面是一个完整的创建虚拟机的代码示例：

import requests
import json

# 连接到 OpenStack 控制节点
auth_url = "
username = "your_username"
password = "your_password"
project_name = "your_project_name"
user_domain_name = "your_user_domain_name"
project_domain_name = "your_project_domain_name"

headers = {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Accept': 'application/json'
}

data = {
    "auth": {
        "identity": {
            "methods": ["password"],
            "password": {
                "user": {
                    "name": username,
                    "domain": {
                        "name": user_domain_name
                    },
                    "password": password
                }
            }
        },
        "scope": {
            "project": {
                "name": project_name,
                "domain": {
                    "name": project_domain_name
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

response = requests.post(auth_url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data))
auth_token = response.headers['X-Subject-Token']
endpoints = response.json()['token']['catalog']

# 验证用户身份
compute_endpoint = [endpoint for endpoint in endpoints if endpoint['type'] == 'compute'][0]
compute_url = compute_endpoint['endpoints'][0]['url']
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = auth_token

# 创建虚拟机所需的资源，包括虚拟机镜像、网络以及安全组等
image_id = "your_image_id"
flavor_id = "your_flavor_id"
network_id = "your_network_id"
security_group_id = "your_security_group_id"

create_server_url = f"{compute_url}/servers"
data = {
    "server": {
        "name": "my_vm",
        "imageRef": image_id,
        "flavorRef": flavor_id,
        "networks": [
            {
                "uuid": network_id
            }
        ],
        "security_groups": [
            {
                "name": security_group_id
            }
        ]
    }
}

response = requests.post(create_server_url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data))
server_id = response.json()['server']['id']

# 启动虚拟机
start_server_url = f"{compute_url}/servers/{server_id}/action"
data = {
    "os-start": None
}

response = requests.post(start_server_url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data))

创建虚拟机的代码解析

上述代码使用 Python 语言编写，通过 OpenStack API 创建虚拟机。下面对其中的关键部分进行解析：

  1. 连接到 OpenStack 控制节点和验证用户身份：
auth_url = "
username = "your_username"
password = "your_password"
project_name = "your_project_name"
user_domain_name = "your_user_domain_name"
project_domain_name = "your_project_domain_name"

headers = {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Accept': 'application/json'
}

data = {
    "auth": {
        "identity": {
            "methods": ["password"],
            "password": {
                "user": {
                    "name": username,
                    "domain": {
                        "name": user_domain_name
                    },
                    "password": password
                }
            }
        },
        "scope": {
            "project": {
                "name": project_name,
                "domain": {
                    "name": project_domain_name
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

response = requests.post(auth_url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data))
auth_token = response.headers['X-Subject-Token']
endpoints = response.json()['token']['catalog']

在这段代码中，我们需要设置 OpenStack 控制节点的 URL，以及用户名、密码、项目名称等认证信息。然后，