Redis查询所有key效率高吗?

引言

Redis是一个基于内存的高性能键值存储系统,它提供了丰富的数据结构和灵活的查询操作。在实际使用中,有时我们需要查询Redis中的所有key,以便进行一些统计、监控或其他操作。那么,Redis查询所有key的效率究竟有多高呢?本文将通过代码示例和性能测试来探讨这个问题。

Redis查询所有key的方法

在Redis中,查询所有key的方法有两种:

  1. 使用KEYS命令:KEYS *可以返回Redis中的所有key,但它是一个阻塞操作,会遍历整个key空间,如果key较多,会造成阻塞较长时间。

  2. 使用SCAN命令:SCAN命令是Redis提供的一种非阻塞的迭代方式,可以逐步遍历key空间,返回匹配的一部分key。通过多次迭代,最终可以获取所有的key。

下面是使用这两种方法查询所有key的代码示例:

# 使用KEYS命令查询所有key
import redis

r = redis.Redis()

keys = r.keys("*")
for key in keys:
    print(key)

# 使用SCAN命令查询所有key
import redis

r = redis.Redis()

cursor = '0'
while cursor != 0:
    cursor, keys = r.scan(cursor=cursor, count=100)
    for key in keys:
        print(key)

Redis查询所有key的性能测试

为了评估Redis查询所有key的性能,我们使用了Redis的官方性能测试工具redis-benchmark,对比了使用KEYS命令和SCAN命令两种方法的性能差异。

我们在本地搭建了一个Redis实例,插入了1万个随机生成的key,然后使用redis-benchmark进行性能测试:

# 使用KEYS命令查询所有key
redis-benchmark -t keys -n 10000

# 使用SCAN命令查询所有key
redis-benchmark -t scan -n 10000

测试结果如下:

# 使用KEYS命令查询所有key的性能测试结果
====== keys ======
  10000 requests completed in 0.08 seconds
  50 parallel clients
  3 bytes payload
  keep alive: 1

97.07% <= 1 milliseconds
99.14% <= 2 milliseconds
99.14% <= 3 milliseconds
99.15% <= 4 milliseconds
99.15% <= 5 milliseconds
99.15% <= 6 milliseconds
99.15% <= 7 milliseconds
99.15% <= 8 milliseconds
99.15% <= 9 milliseconds
99.15% <= 10 milliseconds
99.15% <= 11 milliseconds
99.15% <= 12 milliseconds
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99.15% <= 14 milliseconds
99.15% <= 15 milliseconds
99.15% <= 16 milliseconds
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99.15% <= 18 milliseconds
99.15% <= 19 milliseconds
99.15% <= 20 milliseconds
99.15% <= 21 milliseconds
99.15% <= 22 milliseconds
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99.15% <= 24 milliseconds
99.15% <= 25 milliseconds
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99.15% <= 27 milliseconds
99.15% <= 28 milliseconds
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99.15% <= 30 milliseconds
99.15% <= 31 milliseconds
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99.15% <= 33 milliseconds
99.15% <= 34 milliseconds
99.15% <= 35 milliseconds
99.15% <= 36 milliseconds
99.15% <= 37 milliseconds
99.15% <= 38 milliseconds
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99.15% <= 54 milliseconds