实现Python Radius客户端CHAP认证

介绍: 在本篇文章中,我将向你展示如何使用Python实现Radius客户端CHAP认证。Radius(远程身份验证拨号用户服务)是一种网络协议,用于提供身份验证、授权和帐户信息。CHAP(Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol)是Radius协议中的一种认证方式,它通过挑战和握手的方式实现安全认证。

整体流程: 下面是实现Python Radius客户端CHAP认证的整体流程:

erDiagram
    participant C as "Client"
    participant S as "Server"
    participant N as "NAS"

    C --> S: 请求连接
    S --> C: 发送挑战
    C --> S: 发送响应
    S --> C: 发送成功/失败信息

    C --> N: 认证通过

详细步骤及代码:

  1. 导入所需的模块和库:
import hashlib
import random
import socket
  1. 定义Radius客户端类:
class RadiusClient:
    def __init__(self, server_ip, server_port, shared_secret):
        self.server_ip = server_ip
        self.server_port = server_port
        self.shared_secret = shared_secret
  1. 实现挑战和握手的过程:
class RadiusClient:
    ...

    def authenticate_chap(self, username, password):
        # 生成随机挑战字符串
        challenge = ''.join([chr(random.randint(0, 255)) for _ in range(16)])

        # 构建请求包
        request_packet = self.build_request_packet(username, challenge)

        # 发送请求包
        response_packet = self.send_request(request_packet)

        # 解析响应包
        if response_packet is not None:
            success = self.parse_response(response_packet, challenge, password)
            if success:
                print("Authentication successful")
            else:
                print("Authentication failed")
        else:
            print("No response received")
  1. 构建请求包:
class RadiusClient:
    ...

    def build_request_packet(self, username, challenge):
        # 构建请求包头部
        header = bytearray()
        header.append(1)  # 包类型为Access-Request
        header.append(1)  # 包标识符为1(可随机生成)

        # 构建用户名和密码字段
        attributes = bytearray()
        attributes.extend(self.build_attribute(1, username))  # 用户名属性类型为1
        attributes.extend(self.build_attribute(3, self.generate_response(challenge)))  # 密码属性类型为3

        # 计算请求包长度
        length = 20 + len(username) + len(challenge)

        # 构建请求包
        request_packet = bytearray()
        request_packet.extend(header)
        request_packet.extend(length.to_bytes(2, 'big'))
        request_packet.extend(self.shared_secret.encode())
        request_packet.extend(attributes)

        return request_packet
  1. 发送请求包并接收响应包:
class RadiusClient:
    ...

    def send_request(self, request_packet):
        # 创建套接字并连接到服务器
        client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        client_socket.settimeout(5)  # 设置超时时间为5秒
        client_socket.connect((self.server_ip, self.server_port))

        # 发送请求包
        client_socket.send(request_packet)

        try:
            # 接收响应包
            response_packet = client_socket.recv(1024)
            return response_packet
        except socket.timeout:
            return None
  1. 解析响应包并验证认证结果:
class RadiusClient:
    ...

    def parse_response(self, response_packet, challenge, password):
        # 解析响应包
        attributes = response_packet[20:]  # 响应包从第21字节开始为属性字段
        attribute_len = len(attributes)
        i = 0
        while i < attribute_len:
            attribute_type = attributes[i]
            attribute_length = attributes[i + 1]
            attribute_value = attributes[i + 2:i + attribute_length]

            if attribute_type == 2:  # 匹配认证结果字段
                return attribute_value == self.generate_response(challenge, password)

            i += attribute_length

        return False
  1. 计算响应值:
class RadiusClient:
    ...

    def generate_response(self, challenge, password):
        # 计算MD5哈希值
        md5_hash = hashlib.md5()
        md5_hash.update(challenge.encode())
        md5_hash.update(self.shared_secret.encode())
        md5_hash.update