Java 复数类
复数是由实部和虚部组成的数学对象,可以表示为 a + bi 的形式,其中 a 为实部,b 为虚部,i 为虚数单位。在Java中,我们可以使用复数类来方便地表示和操作复数。
复数类的设计
我们可以设计一个复数类 ComplexNumber
,其中包括实部和虚部两个成员变量,以及相应的构造方法和操作方法。
类成员
real
:实部imaginary
:虚部
构造方法
ComplexNumber(double real, double imaginary)
:根据给定的实部和虚部构造一个复数对象
操作方法
add(ComplexNumber other)
:将当前复数与另一个复数相加subtract(ComplexNumber other)
:将当前复数与另一个复数相减multiply(ComplexNumber other)
:将当前复数与另一个复数相乘divide(ComplexNumber other)
:将当前复数与另一个复数相除toString()
:将复数转换为字符串形式,方便输出
public class ComplexNumber {
private double real;
private double imaginary;
public ComplexNumber(double real, double imaginary) {
this.real = real;
this.imaginary = imaginary;
}
public void add(ComplexNumber other) {
this.real += other.real;
this.imaginary += other.imaginary;
}
public void subtract(ComplexNumber other) {
this.real -= other.real;
this.imaginary -= other.imaginary;
}
public void multiply(ComplexNumber other) {
double newReal = this.real * other.real - this.imaginary * other.imaginary;
double newImaginary = this.real * other.imaginary + this.imaginary * other.real;
this.real = newReal;
this.imaginary = newImaginary;
}
public void divide(ComplexNumber other) {
double denominator = other.real * other.real + other.imaginary * other.imaginary;
double newReal = (this.real * other.real + this.imaginary * other.imaginary) / denominator;
double newImaginary = (this.imaginary * other.real - this.real * other.imaginary) / denominator;
this.real = newReal;
this.imaginary = newImaginary;
}
public String toString() {
return real + " + " + imaginary + "i";
}
}
关系图
erDiagram
ComplexNumber {
double real
double imaginary
}
复数类的使用示例
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ComplexNumber num1 = new ComplexNumber(1.0, 2.0);
ComplexNumber num2 = new ComplexNumber(2.0, 3.0);
num1.add(num2);
System.out.println(num1.toString());
num1.subtract(num2);
System.out.println(num1.toString());
num1.multiply(num2);
System.out.println(num1.toString());
num1.divide(num2);
System.out.println(num1.toString());
}
}
流程图
flowchart TD
A[创建复数对象 num1] --> B[创建复数对象 num2]
B --> C[num1 加 num2]
C --> D[输出相加结果]
D --> E[num1 减 num2]
E --> F[输出相减结果]
F --> G[num1 乘 num2]
G --> H[输出相乘结果]
H --> I[num1 除以 num2]
I --> J[输出相除结果]
通过以上的示例代码和流程图,可以看到我们如何设计并使用Java中的复数类来进行复数的加减乘除操作。复数类的设计可以帮助我们更方便地处理复数运算,提高代码的可读性和可维护性。希望这篇文章对你理解Java复数类有所帮助。