Java中如何实现SM2国密算法

1. 简介

SM2是中国自主设计的一种非对称加密算法,是国家密码管理局公布的一种公钥密码算法标准。它采用了椭圆曲线算法,具有高度的安全性和高效性。

本文将介绍如何在Java中实现SM2国密算法,并提供相应的代码示例。

2. 依赖库

在Java中实现SM2算法,我们首先需要使用Bouncy Castle库。Bouncy Castle是一个常用的开源密码学库,提供了SM2算法的实现。

你可以通过在Maven项目的pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖来引入Bouncy Castle库:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcpkix-jdk15on</artifactId>
    <version>1.67</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
    <version>1.67</version>
</dependency>

3. 生成密钥对

首先,我们需要生成SM2算法的密钥对,包括公钥和私钥。下面是生成密钥对的代码示例:

import org.bouncycastle.crypto.AsymmetricCipherKeyPair;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.generators.ECKeyPairGenerator;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECKeyGenerationParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPrivateKeyParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPublicKeyParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.spec.ECGenParameterSpec;

public class SM2KeyPairGenerator {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());

        // 使用Bouncy Castle生成SM2密钥对
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("EC", "BC");
        ECGenParameterSpec ecGenParameterSpec = new ECGenParameterSpec("sm2p256v1");
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(ecGenParameterSpec);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();

        // 获取公钥和私钥
        ECPrivateKeyParameters privateKey = (ECPrivateKeyParameters) keyPair.getPrivate();
        ECPublicKeyParameters publicKey = (ECPublicKeyParameters) keyPair.getPublic();

        // 输出公钥和私钥
        System.out.println("私钥: " + privateKey.getD());
        System.out.println("公钥: " + publicKey.getQ().getEncoded(false));
    }
}

上述代码中,我们使用Bouncy Castle提供的ECKeyPairGenerator生成SM2密钥对,并通过KeyPairGenerator获取公钥和私钥。

4. 加密和解密

接下来,我们将演示如何使用生成的密钥对进行加密和解密操作。下面是加密和解密的代码示例:

import org.bouncycastle.crypto.AsymmetricCipherKeyPair;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.engines.SM2Engine;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPrivateKeyParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPublicKeyParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.util.PublicKeyFactory;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.spec.ECGenParameterSpec;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class SM2EncryptionDecryption {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());

        // 使用Bouncy Castle生成SM2密钥对
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("EC", "BC");
        ECGenParameterSpec ecGenParameterSpec = new ECGenParameterSpec("sm2p256v1");
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(ecGenParameterSpec);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();

        // 获取公钥和私钥
        ECPrivateKeyParameters privateKey = (ECPrivateKeyParameters) keyPair.getPrivate();
        ECPublicKeyParameters publicKey = (ECPublicKeyParameters) keyPair.getPublic();

        // 待加密的明文
        byte[] plaintext = "Hello, World!".getBytes();

        // 加密
        SM2Engine engine = new SM2Engine();
        engine.init(true, new ParametersWithRandom(publicKey, new SecureRandom()));
        byte[] ciphertext = engine.processBlock(plaintext, 0, plaintext.length);

        // 解密
        engine.init(false, privateKey);
        byte[] decryptedPl