网络上很多关于JAVA对Oracle中BLOB、CLOB类型字段的操作说明,有的不够全面,有的不够准确,甚至有的简直就是胡说八道。最近的项目正巧用到了这方面的知识,在这里做个总结。
环境:
Database: Oracle 9i
App Server: BEA Weblogic 8.14
表结构:
CREATE TABLE TESTBLOB (ID Int, NAME Varchar2(20), BLOBATTR Blob)
CREATE TABLE TESTBLOB (ID Int, NAME Varchar2(20), CLOBATTR Clob)
JAVA可以通过JDBC,也可以通过JNDI访问并操作数据库,这两种方式的具体操作存在着一些差异,由于通过App Server的数据库连接池JNDI获得的数据库连接提供的java.sql.Blob和java.sql.Clob实现类与JDBC方式提供的不同,因此在入库操作的时候需要分别对待;出库操作没有这种差异,因此不用单独对待。

一、BLOB操作
1、入库

(1)JDBC方式
 //通过JDBC获得数据库连接
 Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
 Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:testdb", "test", "test");
 con.setAutoCommit(false);
 Statement st = con.createStatement();
 //插入一个空对象empty_blob()
 st.executeUpdate("insert into TESTBLOB (ID, NAME, BLOBATTR) values (1, "thename", empty_blob())");
 //锁定数据行进行更新,注意“for update”语句
 ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select BLOBATTR from TESTBLOB where ID=1 for update");
 if (rs.next())
 {
 //得到java.sql.Blob对象后强制转换为oracle.sql.BLOB
 oracle.sql.BLOB blob = (oracle.sql.BLOB) rs.getBlob("BLOBATTR");
 OutputStream outStream = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
 //data是传入的byte数组,定义:byte[] data
 outStream.write(data, 0, data.length);
 }
 outStream.flush();
 outStream.close();
 con.commit();
 con.close();
 (2)JNDI方式
 //通过JNDI获得数据库连接
 Context context = new InitialContext();
 ds = (DataSource) context.lookup("ORA_JNDI");
 Connection con = ds.getConnection();
 con.setAutoCommit(false);
 Statement st = con.createStatement();
 //插入一个空对象empty_blob()
 st.executeUpdate("insert into TESTBLOB (ID, NAME, BLOBATTR) values (1, "thename", empty_blob())");
 //锁定数据行进行更新,注意“for update”语句
 ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select BLOBATTR from TESTBLOB where ID=1 for update");
 if (rs.next())
 {
 //得到java.sql.Blob对象后强制转换为weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinBlob(不同的App Server对应的可能会不同)
 weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinBlob blob = (weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinBlob) rs.getBlob("BLOBATTR");
 OutputStream outStream = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
 //data是传入的byte数组,定义:byte[] data
 outStream.write(data, 0, data.length);
 }
 outStream.flush();
 outStream.close();
 con.commit();
 con.close();
 2、出库
 //获得数据库连接
 Connection con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection();
 con.setAutoCommit(false);
 Statement st = con.createStatement();
 //不需要“for update”
 ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select BLOBATTR from TESTBLOB where ID=1");
 if (rs.next())
 {
 java.sql.Blob blob = rs.getBlob("BLOBATTR");
 InputStream inStream = blob.getBinaryStream();
 //data是读出并需要返回的数据,类型是byte[]
 data = new byte[input.available()];
 inStream.read(data);
 inStream.close();
 }
 inStream.close();
 con.commit();
 con.close();
 二、CLOB操作
 1、入库
 (1)JDBC方式
 //通过JDBC获得数据库连接
 Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
 Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:testdb", "test", "test");
 con.setAutoCommit(false);
 Statement st = con.createStatement();
 //插入一个空对象empty_clob()
 st.executeUpdate("insert into TESTCLOB (ID, NAME, CLOBATTR) values (1, "thename", empty_clob())");
 //锁定数据行进行更新,注意“for update”语句
 ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select CLOBATTR from TESTCLOB where ID=1 for update");
 if (rs.next())
 {
 //得到java.sql.Clob对象后强制转换为oracle.sql.CLOB
 oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB) rs.getClob("CLOBATTR");
 Writer outStream = clob.getCharacterOutputStream();
 //data是传入的字符串,定义:String data
 char[] c = data.toCharArray();
 outStream.write(c, 0, c.length);
 }
 outStream.flush();
 outStream.close();
 con.commit();
 con.close();
 (2)JNDI方式
 //通过JNDI获得数据库连接
 Context context = new InitialContext();
 ds = (DataSource) context.lookup("ORA_JNDI");
 Connection con = ds.getConnection();
 con.setAutoCommit(false);
 Statement st = con.createStatement();
 //插入一个空对象empty_clob()
 st.executeUpdate("insert into TESTCLOB (ID, NAME, CLOBATTR) values (1, "thename", empty_clob())");
 //锁定数据行进行更新,注意“for update”语句
 ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select CLOBATTR from TESTCLOB where ID=1 for update");
 if (rs.next())
 {
 //得到java.sql.Clob对象后强制转换为weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinClob(不同的App Server对应的可能会不同)
 weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinClob clob = (weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinClob) rs.getClob("CLOBATTR");
 Writer outStream = clob.getCharacterOutputStream();
 //data是传入的字符串,定义:String data
 char[] c = data.toCharArray();
 outStream.write(c, 0, c.length);
 }
 outStream.flush();
 outStream.close();
 con.commit();
 con.close();
 2、出库
 //获得数据库连接
 Connection con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection();
 con.setAutoCommit(false);
 Statement st = con.createStatement();
 //不需要“for update”
 ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select CLOBATTR from TESTCLOB where ID=1");
 if (rs.next())
 {
 java.sql.Clob clob = rs.getClob("CLOBATTR");
 Reader inStream = clob.getCharacterStream();
 char[] c = new char[(int) clob.length()];
 inStream.read(c);
 //data是读出并需要返回的数据,类型是String
 data = new String(c);
 inStream.close();
 }
 inStream.close();
 con.commit();
 con.close();


需要注意的地方:
1、java.sql.Blob、oracle.sql.BLOB、weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinBlob几种类型的区别
2、java.sql.Clob、oracle.sql.CLOB、weblogic.jdbc.vendor.oracle.OracleThinClob几种类型的区别