AudioManager am = (AudioManager)getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE); 
 
switch (am.getRingerMode()) { 
    case AudioManager.RINGER_MODE_SILENT: 
        Log.i("MyApp","Silent mode"); 
        break; 
    case AudioManager.RINGER_MODE_VIBRATE: 
        Log.i("MyApp","Vibrate mode"); 
        break; 
    case AudioManager.RINGER_MODE_NORMAL: 
        Log.i("MyApp","Normal mode"); 
        break; 
}

 http://developer.android.com/intl/fr/reference/android/media/AudioManager.html#getRingerMode%28%29