oracle打补丁步骤简介

1、了解opatch
 opatch是用于维护"个别"补丁的,有人称其为interim path或是one-off patch
 该命令的存放位置在$ORACLE_HOME下的OPatch目录下.使用“-help”参数可以获得opatch命令的帮助信息 
     [oracle@ora OPatch]$ ./opatch -help
      Usage: opatch [ -help ] [ -r[eport] ] [ command ]
   
                 command := apply
                            lsinventory
                            prereq
                            query
                            rollback
                            util
                            version
   
      <global_arguments> := -help       Displays the help message for the command.
                            -report     Print the actions without executing.
   
      example:
        'opatch -help'
        'opatch apply -help'
        'opatch lsinventory -help'
        'opatch prereq -help'
        'opatch rollback -help'
        'opatch util -help'
      
      
      [oracle@ora OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory -h     DESCRIPTION
          List the inventory for a particular $ORACLE_HOME or display all
          installations that can be found.
    
      SYNTAX
      opatch lsinventory [-all ] [-all_nodes] [-delay <value> ] [-detail ]
                         [-invPtrLoc <Path to oraInst.loc> ] [-jre <LOC> ]
                         [-oh] [-oh <ORACLE_HOME> ] [-patch]
                         [-ptlConnect  <portal connect string> ]
                         [-ptlPassword <portal password> ]
                         [-ptlSchema <portal schema> ]
                         [-property_file <path to property file>]
           [-retry <value> ]
    
      OPTIONS
             -all
                    Report the name and installation directory for each
                    $ORACLE_HOME found.
    
             -all_nodes
               Reports the patches installed on the given Oracle Home
                    in all nodes of the RAC system. It also prints the oracle
                    binary's size and checksum on all nodes. This option cannot
                    be used in conjunction with -all, -detail, -patch.
    
             -delay
                    If -retry is specified, this option tells OPatch how
                    many seconds it should wait before attempting to lock
                    inventory again in case of a previous failure.
    
             -detail(s)
                    Report installed products and other details. This
                    option cannot be used in conjunction with all option.
    
             -invPtrLoc
                    Used to locate the oraInst.loc file. When the
                    installation used the invPtrLoc flag. This should be
                    the path to the oraInst.loc file
    
             -jre
                    This option tells OPatch to use JRE (java) from the
                    specified location instead of the default location
                    under Oracle Home
    
             -oh
                    The oracle home to work on. This takes precedence over
                    the environment variable ORACLE_HOME
    
             -patch
                    Lists the patch IDs installed in the oracle home
    
             -ptlConnect
                    This option is used to specify the connect string credentials
                    of the portal schema
    
             -ptlPassword
                    This option is used to specify the password of the portal
                    schema
    
             -ptlSchema
                    This option is used to specify the schema of the portal
                    repository
    
             -property_file
                    The user defined property file for OPatch to use. The
                    path to the property file should be absolute. This
                    property file takes precedence over the one that is
                    supplied with OPatch
    
             -retry
                    This option tells OPatch how many times it should
                    retry in case of an inventory lock failure       
    
      PARAMETERS
             This operation does not have any required parameters.2、下载补丁.
 需要metalink的用户名口令  3、关闭数据库及监听.
 4、 
安装补丁(可以参照metalink补丁说明) 

      Patch Installation Instructions:                                                  

      --------------------------------                                                  

      Make sure that all instances running under the ORACLE_HOME being patched          

      are cleanly shutdown before installing this patch. Also ensure that               

      the tool used to terminate the instance(s) has exited cleanly.              

                                                                                    

      1. To apply the patch, unzip the PSE container file:                              

      p7650993_111070_Linux-x86.zip                                                     

                                                                                        

      2. PreInstall steps:                                                              

                                                                                        

      3. Set your current directory to the directory where the patch                    

      is located:                                                                       

                                                                                        

         % cd 7650993                                                                                             

                                                                                        

         Ensure that the directory containing the opatch script. appears in              

         your $PATH; then enter the following command:                                  

                                                                                        

         % opatch apply                              

                                                                                         

      4. PostInstall Steps:                                   

                                                                                         

      Note:                                                                             

         If the Oracle inventory is not setup correctly this utility will               

         fail. To check accessibility to the inventory you can use the                  

         command                                                                        

                                                                                        

         % opatch lsinventory                                                           

                                                                                        

         If you have any problem installing this PSE or are not sure                    

         about the inventory setup, please call Oracle support. 

         

 5、启动实例，运行相关脚本 

      SQL> startup 

      ORACLE instance started. 

      Total System Global Area  281018368 bytes 

      Fixed Size                  1218968 bytes 

      Variable Size              83887720 bytes 

      Database Buffers          192937984 bytes 

      Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes 

      Database mounted. 

      Database opened. 

     检查无效对象： 

     SQL> SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE STATUS = 'INVALID';  

                       

 6、用inventory命令查看已经安装的patch 

     opatch lsinventory 

                                                           

 7、卸载补丁. 

      1.关闭数据库及监听 

      2.卸载补丁. 

                                                                                    

      Patch Deinstallation Instructions:                                                

      ----------------------------------                                                

      Use the following command:                                                        

                                                                                        

        % cd 7650993                                                                    

        % opatch rollback -id 7650993   

      检查无效对象： 

      SQL> SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE STATUS = 'INVALID';