SpringBoot是SpringCloud的基础,所以学习SpringCloud之前需要对SpringBoot有一定的了解。

父工程(springcloud)

打开IDEA,创建一个maven项目springcloud,这个是接下来所有子项目的父工程。
pom.xml(springcloud)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>springcloud-api</module>
        <module>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</module>
        <module>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</module>
    </modules>

    <!-- 打包方式   pom -->
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.10</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- springcloud的依赖 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!--springboot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!--数据库-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.47</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.10</version>
            </dependency>

            <!--springboot启动器-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>

            <!--junit-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!--lombok-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!--log4j-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

 一般来说,父工程仅作项目版本管理用,微服务中所拆分的各个服务会放到下面的子工程中,所以到此为止,父工程springcloud已经写好。

应用接口总工程(springcloud-api)

在父工程springcloud上右击鼠标,创建Module

idea添加微服务启动参数 idea构建springcloud微服务_java


新创建的Module同样也是一个maven工程,取名为springcloud-api

idea添加微服务启动参数 idea构建springcloud微服务_java_02


 这个子工程仅用来提供基本的pojo类,后续的两个服务会以它为基础

idea添加微服务启动参数 idea构建springcloud微服务_java_03


 pom.xml(springcloud-api)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>

    <!--当前的Model自己需要的依赖,如果父类依赖中已经配置了版本,这里就不用写了-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

 今天的微服务以一个部门表作为示例,所以如项目结构图所示,创建一个Dept类:

package com.cloud.springcloud.pojo;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)    //链式写法
public class Dept implements Serializable { //Dept实体类   orm 类表关系映射

    private Long deptno;
    private String dname;
    private String db_source;

    public Dept(String dname){
        this.dname = dname;
    }



    /*
    * 链式写法:
    * Dept dept = new Dept();
    * dept.set().set().set();
    * */
}

 至此,springcloud-api已完成。这个工程仅仅只是为了提供pojo。

我是一条分割线 ================================================================

下面是真正的服务:

服务提供者工程(springcloud-provider-dept-8001)

用前面同样的方式创建Module,工程结构如图:

idea添加微服务启动参数 idea构建springcloud微服务_mybatis_04


 从项目结构可以看出,这当然是一个springboot项目。

springboot项目一般都使用application.yml配置文件进行总配置

application.yml

server:
  port: 8001

#mybatis配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.cloud.springcloud.pojo
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

#spring配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://**********:3306/*****?characterEncoding=UTF-8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: ******
    password: ******

pom.xml(springcloud-provider-dept-8001)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--我们需要拿到实体类,所以要配置api model-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--jetty-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

导入所需的包之后,我们需要开始搭建这个服务提供服务。

============================================================================

数据库连接部分:

DeptDao.java

package com.cloud.springcloud.dao;

import com.cloud.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptDao {

    public boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    public Dept queryById(Long id);

    public List<Dept> queryAll();
}

这个DeptDao接口和下面的DeptMapper.xml相对应。(数据库自己创建!)

DeptMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.cloud.springcloud.dao.DeptDao">

    <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
        insert into dept (dname, db_source)
        values (#{dname},DATABASE());
    </insert>

    <select id="queryById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
        select * from dept where deptno = #{deptno};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAll" resultType="Dept">
        select * from dept;
    </select>


</mapper>

除此之外,我们还需要通过mybatis-config.xml配置文件开启二级缓存。

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--开启二级缓存-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>
数据库连接部分结束

========================================================================

服务部分开始

DeptService.java

package com.cloud.springcloud.service;

import com.cloud.springcloud.pojo.Dept;

import java.util.List;

public interface DeptService {

    public boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    public Dept queryById(Long id);

    public List<Dept> queryAll();
}

DeptServiceImpl.java

package com.cloud.springcloud.service;

import com.cloud.springcloud.dao.DeptDao;
import com.cloud.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {

    @Autowired
    private DeptDao deptDao;

    @Override
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return deptDao.addDept(dept);
    }

    @Override
    public Dept queryById(Long id) {
        return deptDao.queryById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return deptDao.queryAll();
    }
}
服务部分结束

============================================================================

控制器部分

DeptController.java

package com.cloud.springcloud.controller;


import com.cloud.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import com.cloud.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

/*
* 提供Restful服务
* */
@RestController
public class DeptController {

    @Autowired
    private DeptService deptService;

    @GetMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept){
        return deptService.addDept(dept);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return deptService.queryById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll(){
        return deptService.queryAll();
    }

}

============================================================================

服务启动类

DeptProvider_8001.java

package com.cloud.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/*
* 启动类
* */
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider_8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider_8001.class,args);
    }
}

 至此,服务提供者已经完成,运行DeptProvider_8001中的main方法来启动服务器,启动之后可以通过http://localhost:8001/dept/list等url在浏览器上测试服务能否正常运作。

服务消费者工程(springcloud-consumer-dept-80)

idea添加微服务启动参数 idea构建springcloud微服务_mybatis_05


这同样也是一个springboot项目,总配置在application.yml中编写。

application.yml

server:
  port: 80

#没错真的只有两句

============================================================================

远程访问服务

访问远程http服务可以使用RestTemplate,它同时也是简单的RestFul服务模板。
 RestTemplate使用时可以先把它添加到spring容器中,之后的调用就十分简便了。

ConfigBean.java

package com.cloud.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

RestTemplate提供了大量http服务访问模板,下面试着用一下。

DeptConsumerController.java

package com.cloud.springcloud.controller;

import com.cloud.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    //理解:消费者不应该有service层
    //RestTemplate。。。。供我们直接调用就可以了!  注册到spring中
    //(url,实体:Map,Class<T> responseType)

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;  //提供多种便捷访问远程http服务的方法,简单的RestFul服务模板。

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";


    @RequestMapping("/comsumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept){
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add",dept,Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/comsumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id")Long id){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get"+id,Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/comsumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> list(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list",List.class);
    }
}

============================================================================

启动消费者服务

DeptConsumer_80.java

package com.cloud.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer_80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer_80.class,args);
    }
}

 在启动了前面的提供者服务之后,启动此消费者服务,访问http://localhost/comsumer/dept/list链接测试消费者服务是否运行正常。

结束