1.什么是进程?
系统进行资源分配以及调度的基本单位,进程是线程的容器。
android:process创建一个进程。
android:":push",附加一个进程,私有进程。
android:"push" ,两个独立进程,全局进程。
进程有优先等级:前台进程,可见进程,服务进程,后台进程,空进程。
什么情况下使用多进程?由于进程之间相互独立,而线程不行,因此,当需要满足相互之间不影响,更安全的时候,就需要使用到多进程。而非多线程。
使用多进程时需要注意什么? 1.多进程之间内存不能共享。
2.没创建一个进程就就要跑一次Application的onCreate,因此要注意Activity的管理。
3.调试的时候去掉AndroidManifest.xml文件中Activity的android:process标签,这样保证调试状态下是在同一进程中,堆栈信息是连贯的,在调试 完成后记得复原该属性;通过打印进行调试,但这种效率比较低。
2.多进程之间的通信IPC。
IPC:inter precess communication
messager:单线程,多进程的时候使用。 AIDL:多进程多线程,较为复杂的时候使用。
messager用法:(该部分引用tukangzheng的CSDN)
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MessageActivity extends Activity {
private Button button01, button02, button03, button04, button05;
private TextView textView;
private Handler handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(msg.what == 3 || msg.what == 5){
textView.setText("what=" + msg.what + ", 这是一个空消息");
}else{
textView.setText("what=" + msg.what + "," + msg.obj.toString());
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
button01 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
button02 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
button03 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button03);
button04 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button04);
button05 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button05);
textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);
button01.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Message message = Message.obtain();
message.what = 1;
message.obj = "使用Message.Obtain+Hander.sendMessage()发送消息";
handler.sendMessage(message);
}
}).start();
}
});
button02.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Message message = Message.obtain(handler);
message.what = 2;
message.obj = "使用Message.sendToTarget发送消息";
message.sendToTarget();
}
}).start();
}
});
button03.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
handler.sendEmptyMessage(3);
}
}).start();
}
});
button04.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Message message = Message.obtain();
message.what = 4;
message.obj = "使用Message.Obtain+Hander.sendMessage()发送延迟消息";
handler.sendMessageDelayed(message, 3000);
}
}).start();
}
});
button05.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
handler.sendEmptyMessageAtTime(5, 3000);
}
}).start();
}
});
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.message, menu);
return true;
}
}
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button01"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text01"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button02"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text02"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button03"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text03"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button04"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text04"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button05"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/text05"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<string name="app_name">MessageActivity</string>
<string name="action_settings">Settings</string>
<string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
<string name="text01">用Handler.sendMessage发送消息</string>
<string name="text02">用Message.sendToTarget发送消息</string>
<string name="text03">发送空消息</string>
<string name="text04">用Handler.sendMessage发送延迟消息</string>
<string name="text05">发送延迟空消息</string>
</resources>
3.深入Service.
service可以分为:Local和Remote ; 前台和后台 ; Start和Bind 。
关于Notification方法:
Create a Notification Builder
Define the Notification's Action
Set the Notification 's Click Behavior
Issue the Notification
先new一个notification在new一个Pending Intent.
1 )得到 NotificationManager :
String ns = Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE;
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService( ns );
2 )创建一个新的 Notification 对象:
Notification notification = new Notification();
notification.icon = R.drawable.notification_icon;
// 也可以使用稍微复杂一些的方式创建 Notification :
int icon = R.drawable.notification_icon; 通知图标
CharSequence tickerText = "Hello"; // 状态栏 (Status Bar) 显示的通知文本提示
long when = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 通知产生的时间,会在通知信息里显示
Notification notification = new Notification(icon, tickerText, when) ;
3 )填充 Notification 的各个属性:
Context context = getApplicationContext();
CharSequence contentTitle = "My notification";
CharSequence contentText = "Hello World!";
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MyClass.class);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,notificationIntent, 0);
notification.setLatestEventInfo(context, contentTitle, contentText, contentIntent);
Notification 提供了丰富的手机提示方式:
a) 在状态栏 (Status Bar) 显示的通知文本提示,如:
notification.tickerText = "hello";
b) 发出提示音,如:
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
notification.sound = Uri.parse("file:/ sdcard /notification/ringer.mp3");
notification.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6");
c) 手机振动,如:
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;
long[] vibrate = {0,100,200,300};
notification.vibrate = vibrate ;
d)LED 灯闪烁,如:
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
notification.ledARGB = 0xff00ff00;
notification.ledOnMS = 300;
notification.ledOffMS = 1000;
notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS;
e) 添加 remote view
通过 RemoteViews 设置 notification 中 View 的属性
notification.contentView = new RemoteViews(getApplication().getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_dialog);
notification.contentView.setProgressBar(R.id.pb, 100, 0, false);
notification.contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.tv, " 进度 " + _progress+ "%");
4 )发送通知:
private static final int ID_NOTIFICATION = 1;
mNotificationManager.notify(ID_NOTIFICATION, notification);