1.什么是进程?

    系统进行资源分配以及调度的基本单位,进程是线程的容器。

    android:process创建一个进程。

    android:":push",附加一个进程,私有进程。

    android:"push" ,两个独立进程,全局进程。

    进程有优先等级:前台进程,可见进程,服务进程,后台进程,空进程。

    什么情况下使用多进程?由于进程之间相互独立,而线程不行,因此,当需要满足相互之间不影响,更安全的时候,就需要使用到多进程。而非多线程。

    使用多进程时需要注意什么?    1.多进程之间内存不能共享。

                                                            2.没创建一个进程就就要跑一次Application的onCreate,因此要注意Activity的管理。

                                                            3.调试的时候去掉AndroidManifest.xml文件中Activity的android:process标签,这样保证调试状态下是在同一进程中,堆栈信息是连贯的,在调试                                                                 完成后记得复原该属性;通过打印进行调试,但这种效率比较低。

2.多进程之间的通信IPC。


    IPC:inter precess communication 


        messager:单线程,多进程的时候使用。          AIDL:多进程多线程,较为复杂的时候使用。


    


    messager用法:(该部分引用tukangzheng的CSDN)

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MessageActivity extends Activity {

	private Button button01, button02, button03, button04, button05;
	private TextView textView;
	
	private Handler handler = new Handler(){

		@Override
		public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			if(msg.what == 3 || msg.what == 5){
				textView.setText("what=" + msg.what + ", 这是一个空消息");
			}else{
				textView.setText("what=" + msg.what + "," + msg.obj.toString());
			}
		}
	};
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		button01 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
		button02 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
		button03 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button03);
		button04 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button04);
		button05 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button05);
		textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);
		
		button01.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				new Thread(new Runnable() {
					
					@Override
					public void run() {
						// TODO Auto-generated method stub
						Message message = Message.obtain();
						message.what = 1;
						message.obj = "使用Message.Obtain+Hander.sendMessage()发送消息";
						handler.sendMessage(message);
					}
				}).start();
			}
		});
		
		button02.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				new Thread(new Runnable() {
					
					@Override
					public void run() {
						// TODO Auto-generated method stub
						Message message = Message.obtain(handler);
						message.what = 2;
						message.obj = "使用Message.sendToTarget发送消息";
						message.sendToTarget();
					}
				}).start();
			}
		});

		button03.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				new Thread(new Runnable() {
					
					@Override
					public void run() {
						// TODO Auto-generated method stub
						handler.sendEmptyMessage(3);
					}
				}).start();
			}
		});
		
		button04.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				new Thread(new Runnable() {
					
					@Override
					public void run() {
						// TODO Auto-generated method stub
						Message message = Message.obtain();
						message.what = 4;
						message.obj = "使用Message.Obtain+Hander.sendMessage()发送延迟消息";
						handler.sendMessageDelayed(message, 3000);
					}
				}).start();
			}
		});
		
		button05.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				new Thread(new Runnable() {
					
					@Override
					public void run() {
						// TODO Auto-generated method stub
						handler.sendEmptyMessageAtTime(5, 3000);
					}
				}).start();
			}
		});
	}

	
	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.message, menu);
		return true;
	}

}



<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    
    <Button 
        android:id="@+id/button01"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/text01"/>
    
    <Button 
        android:id="@+id/button02"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/text02"/>
    
    <Button 
        android:id="@+id/button03"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/text03"/>
    
    <Button 
        android:id="@+id/button04"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/text04"/>
    
    <Button 
        android:id="@+id/button05"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/text05"/>
    
    <TextView 
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <string name="app_name">MessageActivity</string>
    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>
    <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
    
    <string name="text01">用Handler.sendMessage发送消息</string>
	<string name="text02">用Message.sendToTarget发送消息</string>
	<string name="text03">发送空消息</string>
	<string name="text04">用Handler.sendMessage发送延迟消息</string>
	<string name="text05">发送延迟空消息</string>
</resources>








3.深入Service.


    service可以分为:Local和Remote ; 前台和后台 ; Start和Bind 。


    关于Notification方法:


   

Create a Notification Builder 
 
 
 

       Define the Notification's Action 
 
 
 

       Set the Notification 's Click Behavior 
 
 
 

       Issue the Notification  
 
 
 

       先new一个notification在new一个Pending Intent. 
 
 
 
 
 

    1 )得到 NotificationManager : 
  

    String ns = Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE; 
  

    NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService( ns ); 
  

    2 )创建一个新的 Notification 对象: 
  

    Notification notification = new Notification(); 
  

    notification.icon = R.drawable.notification_icon; 
  

    // 也可以使用稍微复杂一些的方式创建 Notification : 
  

    int icon = R.drawable.notification_icon; 通知图标 
  

    CharSequence tickerText = "Hello"; // 状态栏 (Status Bar) 显示的通知文本提示 
  

    long when = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 通知产生的时间,会在通知信息里显示 
  

    Notification notification = new Notification(icon, tickerText, when) ; 
  

      
  

    3 )填充 Notification 的各个属性: 
  

    Context context = getApplicationContext(); 
  

    CharSequence contentTitle = "My notification"; 
  

    CharSequence contentText = "Hello World!"; 
  

    Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MyClass.class); 
  

    PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,notificationIntent, 0); 
  

    notification.setLatestEventInfo(context, contentTitle, contentText, contentIntent); 
  

      
  

    Notification 提供了丰富的手机提示方式: 
  

    a) 在状态栏 (Status Bar) 显示的通知文本提示,如: 
  

    notification.tickerText = "hello"; 
  

    b) 发出提示音,如: 
  

    notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND; 
  

    notification.sound = Uri.parse("file:/ sdcard /notification/ringer.mp3"); 
  

    notification.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6"); 
  

      
  

    c) 手机振动,如: 
  

    notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE; 
  

    long[] vibrate = {0,100,200,300}; 
  

    notification.vibrate = vibrate ; 
  

      
  

    d)LED 灯闪烁,如: 
  

    notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS; 
  

    notification.ledARGB = 0xff00ff00; 
  

    notification.ledOnMS = 300; 
  

    notification.ledOffMS = 1000; 
  

    notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS; 
  

      
  

    e) 添加 remote view 
  

    通过 RemoteViews 设置 notification 中 View 的属性 
  

    notification.contentView = new RemoteViews(getApplication().getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_dialog); 
  

    notification.contentView.setProgressBar(R.id.pb, 100, 0, false); 
  

    notification.contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.tv, " 进度 " + _progress+ "%"); 
  

    4 )发送通知: 
  

    private static final int ID_NOTIFICATION = 1; 
  

    mNotificationManager.notify(ID_NOTIFICATION, notification);