微服务电子书

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云端筑梦者 2024-11-04 11:23:55

文章标签 微服务电子书 spring boot spring cloud spring cloud alibaba stream 文章分类 运维

视频链接：2020最新版SpringCloud框架开发教程-周阳文章源码：https://github.com/geyiwei-suzhou/cloud2020/

消息驱动生产者

cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801模块

1. 建module

New --> Module --> Maven[Module SDK:1.8.0_191] --> name[cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801] --> Finish

2. 改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <parent>
    <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
    <groupId>com.antherd.springcloud</groupId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801</artifactId>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- rabbitMQ -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 基础配置 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
      <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

3. 写yml

server:
  port: 8801

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-stream-provider
  cloud:
    stream:
      binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitMQ的服务信息
        defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称，用于binding整合
          type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
          environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关环境配置
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: localhost
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
      bindings: # 服务的整合处理
        output: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
          destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
          content-type: application/json # 消息类型，设置为json，文本则设置"text/plain"
          binder: defaultRabbit # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置

eureka:
  client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
  instance:
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔（默认是30秒）
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔（默认是90秒）

4. 主启动

新建类：com.antherd.springcloud.StreamMQMain8801

package com.antherd.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamMQMain8801 {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8801.class, args);
  }
}

5 写业务

新建类：com.antherd.springcloud.service.IMessageProvider

package com.antherd.springcloud.service;

public interface IMessageProvider {

  public String send();
}

新建类：com.antherd.springcloud.service.impl.MessageProviderImpl

package com.antherd.springcloud.service.impl;

import com.antherd.springcloud.service.IMessageProvider;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Source;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;
import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder;

@EnableBinding(Source.class) // 定义消息的推送管道
@Slf4j
public class MessageProviderImpl implements IMessageProvider {

  @Resource
  private MessageChannel output; // 消息发送管道，对应yml配置中binding下的通道名称

  @Override
  public String send() {
    String serial = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    output.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(serial).build());
    log.info("***** serial：" + serial);
    return null;
  }
}

新建类：com.antherd.springcloud.controller.SendMessageController

package com.antherd.springcloud.controller;

import com.antherd.springcloud.service.IMessageProvider;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class SendMessageController {

  @Resource
  private IMessageProvider messageProvider;

  @GetMapping(value = "/sendMessage")
  public String sendMessage() {
    return messageProvider.send();
  }
}

6. 启动测试

启动：cloud-eureka-server7001，cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801 两个模块

访问：http://localhost:8801/sendMessage 在后台查看8801模块打印日志，并在http://localhost:15672/#/ 网页Overview中查看Message rates曲线变化

参考：Reference Guide

消息驱动消费者

cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802模块

1. 建module

New --> Module --> Maven[Module SDK:1.8.0_191] --> name[cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802] --> Finish

2. 改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <parent>
    <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
    <groupId>com.antherd.springcloud</groupId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802</artifactId>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- rabbitMQ -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 基础配置 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
      <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

3. 写yml

server:
  port: 8802

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-stream-provider
  cloud:
    stream:
      binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitMQ的服务信息
        defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称，用于binding整合
          type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
          environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关环境配置
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: localhost
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
      bindings: # 服务的整合处理
        input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
            destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
            content-type: application/json # 消息类型，设置为json，文本则设置"text/plain"
            binder: defaultRabbit # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置

eureka:
  client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
  instance:
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔（默认是30秒）
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔（默认是90秒）
    instance-id: receive-8802.com  #在信息列表时显示主机名称
    prefer-ip-address: true #访问的路径变成IP地址

4. 主启动

新建类：com.antherd.springcloud.StreamMQMain8802

package com.antherd.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamMQMain8802 {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8802.class, args);
  }
}

5 写业务

新建类：com.antherd.springcloud.controller.ReceiveMessageListenerController

package com.antherd.springcloud.controller;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@EnableBinding(Sink.class)
@Slf4j
public class ReceiveMessageListenerController {

  @Value("${server.port}")
  private String serverPort;

  @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)
  public void input(Message<String> message) {
    log.info("消费者1号， ---> 接收到的消息：" + message.getPayload() + "，port：" + serverPort);
  }
}

6. 启动测试

启动：cloud-eureka-server7001，cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801，cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802 三个模块
访问：http://localhost:8801/sendMessage，查看cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802后台，发现收到消息打印出了日志

cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803模块

参照cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802模块新建cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803模块

启动类改为StreamMQMain8803
端口号改为8803
instance-id改为receive-8803.com

启动：cloud-eureka-server7001，cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801，cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802、cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803 四个模块
访问：http://localhost:8801/sendMessage，查看cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802、cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803后台，发现收到消息打印出了日志

上述的Stream消息存在的问题一：

生产者发送一条消息，两个消费者都会收到消息，存在重复消费问题

比如在如下场景中，订单系统我们做集群部署，都会从RabbitMQ中获取订单信息，那么如果一个订单同时被两个服务获取到，那么就会造成数据错误，我们得避免这种情况

这时我们就可以使用Stream中的消息分组来解决

微服务电子书_spring cloud alibaba

注意在Stream中处于同一个group中的多个消费者是竞争关系，就能够保证消息只会被其中一个应用消费一次。

不同组是可以全面消费的（重复消费）
同一组内会发生竞争关系，只有其中一个可以消费

解决方案：

自定义配置分组，将两个消费者分为同一个自定义配置组

修改cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802、cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803的pom文件，分别在input节点下添加子节点配置：

group: antherdA

group: antherdB

观察RabbitMQ Exchange，发现已经studyExchange中显示了studyExchange.antherdA、studyExchange.antherdB两个Bindings

微服务电子书_spring boot_02

访问：http://localhost:8801/sendMessage，发现两个消费者都会收到消息

修改cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802、cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803的pom文件，将分组改为同一分组：

group: antherdA

访问：http://localhost:8801/sendMessage，发现只有一个消费者收到了消息

上述的Stream消息存在的问题二：

此时，停掉cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802、cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803两个微服务，将cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802微服务中group: antherdA配置给注释掉，保留cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803的group: antherdA配置
访问http://localhost:8801/sendMessage 四次，然后启动cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802，发现8802消费者没有接收/处理服务宕机这段时间丢失的消息，再启动cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803，发现8803消费者处理了服务宕机期间未处理的消息

这是因为未配置group，每次重启后会自动生成一个随机group，此时不会处理之前的消息。添加group配置可以保证消息持久化

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