这是百度百科对(对称加密丶非对称加密)的解释:
(1)对称加密算法在加密和解密时使用的是同一个秘钥。
(2)非对称加密算法需要两个密钥来进行加密和解密，这两个秘钥是公开密钥（public key，简称公钥）和私有密钥（private key，简称私钥）。
处理的思路：
(1)服务端利用RSA创建一对公私钥,服务端存储私钥,将公钥给客户端
(2)每次请求前,将明文数据利用公钥进行加密,然后将密文传递给服务端
(3)服务端拿到密文,利用私钥进行解密,得到明文数据,然后进行业务处理
1.引入jarbao
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
<artifactId>jwks-rsa</artifactId>
<version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
</dependency>2.创建自定义注解
package com.othp.core.config;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.Mapping;
@Target({ElementType.METHOD,ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Mapping
@Documented
public @interface RsaParameter {
/**
* 入参是否解密，默认解密
*/
boolean inDecode() default true;
/**
* 出参是否加密，默认加密
*/
boolean outEncode() default false;
}3.加入增强控制器
package com.othp.core.advice;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestBodyAdvice;
import com.othp.core.config.RsaParameter;
import com.othp.core.util.RSAEncrypt;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j
@ControllerAdvice(basePackages = {"com.othp.mine.controller","com.othp.mine.controller"})
public class RsaDecodeRequestBodyAdvice implements RequestBodyAdvice {
@Override
public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType,
Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return true;
}
@Override
public HttpInputMessage beforeBodyRead(HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType,
Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) throws IOException {
try {
boolean encode = false;
if (methodParameter.getMethod().isAnnotationPresent(RsaParameter.class)) {
//获取注解配置的包含和去除字段
RsaParameter serializedField = methodParameter.getMethodAnnotation(RsaParameter.class);
//入参是否需要解密
encode = serializedField.inDecode();
}
if (encode) {
log.info("对方法method :【" + methodParameter.getMethod().getName() + "】返回数据进行解密");
return new MyHttpInputMessage(inputMessage);
}else{
return inputMessage;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error("对方法method :【" + methodParameter.getMethod().getName() + "】返回数据进行解密出现异常："+e.getMessage());
return inputMessage;
}
}
@Override
public Object afterBodyRead(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType,
Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
return body;
}
@Override
public Object handleEmptyBody(Object body, HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter,
Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
return body;
}
class MyHttpInputMessage implements HttpInputMessage {
private HttpHeaders headers;
private InputStream body;
public MyHttpInputMessage(HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws Exception {
this.headers = inputMessage.getHeaders();
String content = IOUtils.toString(inputMessage.getBody(),"utf-8");
this.body = IOUtils.toInputStream(RSAEncrypt.rsaDecrypt(content));
}
@Override
public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
return body;
}
@Override
public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
return headers;
}
}
}4.加入RSA工具类
package com.othp.core.util;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject;
public class RSAEncrypt {
private static Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>(); //用于封装随机产生的公钥与私钥
//公钥
private static String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCxkIbCWY8re71Fwmf4ehTl+6xuvFSbEuE7ZumXMlOkvWdSVatiTNnrX29I33uAicp19XJAwZSy2hKUPkoSmqzyZ9Si+fi3h1ZGD31WtSVxiAGgkmclVjIiuph2v8kjc/knzZgzLQaPX5E5SkFKPK+9bWJ+2Fkrx3ulSBxAeqWTuQIDAQAB";
//私钥
private static String privateKey = "MIICdwIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmEwggJdAgEAAoGBALGQhsJZjyt7vUXCZ/h6FOX7rG68VJsS4Ttm6ZcyU6S9Z1JVq2JM2etfb0jfe4CJynX1ckDBlLLaEpQ+ShKarPJn1KL5+LeHVkYPfVa1JXGIAaCSZyVWMiK6mHa/ySNz+SfNmDMtBo9fkTlKQUo8r71tYn7YWSvHe6VIHEB6pZO5AgMBAAECgYBJuOHai2if+y4oaoDUb4uBuS5sg5D1Ga+eBCpz9hc4TNM7IgqYM6Q+z07bCL60LYF73D5lmHnukBAqsHn8o2+uPBl202/Mg9j3VGD3BVfcjXOeNmtbdGRbK8qR/AG33WoUC41DqXG5teXQ1bqbzgIhd/o8c3beLGkS6kNjhOXCiQJBAOCcgRgeRSetiZMFCBzXEqds0Zk7rOUyjFGUA6ANsHZQbiZYYqXWuvetbLcjdYmSW5H92+FsVZDSIq7kGQzk9y8CQQDKYOsF+a7MEQaSyJ84olmiRyL9OCxBW0Qkgi81mZSbAQ4zKEN42rYYhpzEFSRYNltYbqlr5UaheOnGtw4nwumXAkEApHWziGdRl3XXT9DVWdiYjgJ9jcdGFyPl3i2UYfLkDB1kKat5v5f0mjlfatEJ1MtXRRQtlWbvV/Sk9I2LUgesfQJAft4a93f6uDrEIChciChegHiP2qXoOGB6a1ihN7y7iCA1QqSvB4g0N1PL2rBWRGZvBRT6aIUmrfsaslP3L73kqQJBAJ0GwkZTKLEMTzObpKWooYP/UE8kdTf6FMrL0BJohZ1DMQ33hdLr+qO9MM4wU9HtI+MjBKzOg4FvQwe1TlNLH/Q=";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//生成公钥和私钥
genKeyPair();
//加密字符串
// String message = "{\"name\":\"1\",\"password\":\"2\"}";
String message = "{\r\n" +
" \"feedbackContent\": \"string\",\r\n" +
" \"feedbackId\": \"string\",\r\n" +
" \"feedbackPicture\": \"string\",\r\n" +
" \"userId\": \"123\",\r\n" +
" \"userType\": \"1\"\r\n" +
"}";
// System.out.println("随机生成的公钥为:" + keyMap.get(0));
// System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为:" + keyMap.get(1));
System.out.println("\t加密前的字符串为:" + message);
// String messageEn = encrypt(message);
String messageEn = rsaEncrypt(message);
System.out.println("\t加密后的字符串为:" + messageEn);
// String messageDe = decrypt(messageEn);
String messageDe = rsaDecrypt(messageEn);
System.out.println("\t还原后的字符串为:" + messageDe);
}
/**
* 随机生成密钥对
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
*/
public static void genKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
// KeyPairGenerator类用于生成公钥和私钥对，基于RSA算法生成对象
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
// 初始化密钥对生成器，密钥大小为96-1024位
keyPairGen.initialize(1024,new SecureRandom());
// 生成一个密钥对，保存在keyPair中
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate(); // 得到私钥
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(); // 得到公钥
String publicKeyString = new String(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(publicKey.getEncoded()));
// 得到私钥字符串
String privateKeyString = new String(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(privateKey.getEncoded()));
// 将公钥和私钥保存到Map
keyMap.put(0,publicKeyString); //0表示公钥
keyMap.put(1,privateKeyString); //1表示私钥
}
/**
* RSA公钥加密
*
* @param str
* 加密字符串
* @param publicKey
* 公钥
* @return 密文
* @throws Exception
* 加密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static String encrypt(String str) throws Exception{
//base64编码的公钥
byte[] decoded = Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKey);
RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
//RSA加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
String outStr = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes("UTF-8")));
return outStr;
}
/**
* RSA私钥解密
*
* @param str
* 加密字符串
* @param privateKey
* 私钥
* @return 铭文
* @throws Exception
* 解密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static String decrypt(String str) throws Exception{
//64位解码加密后的字符串
byte[] inputByte = Base64.getDecoder().decode(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
//base64编码的私钥
byte[] decoded = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKey);
RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
//RSA解密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
String outStr = new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));
return outStr;
}
//加密长度不超过117Byte，解密长度不超过128Byte
//解密
public static String rsaDecrypt(String input) {
String result = "";
try {
// 将Base64编码后的公钥转换成PublicKey对象
byte[] decoded = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKey);
RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
// 加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
byte[] inputArray = Base64.getDecoder().decode(input.getBytes("UTF-8"));
int inputLength = inputArray.length;
// 最大加密字节数，超出最大字节数需要分组加密
int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 128;
// 标识
int offSet = 0;
byte[] resultBytes = {};
byte[] cache = {};
while (inputLength - offSet > 0) {
if (inputLength - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
cache = cipher.doFinal(inputArray, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
offSet += MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
} else {
cache = cipher.doFinal(inputArray, offSet, inputLength - offSet);
offSet = inputLength;
}
resultBytes = Arrays.copyOf(resultBytes, resultBytes.length + cache.length);
System.arraycopy(cache, 0, resultBytes, resultBytes.length - cache.length, cache.length);
}
result = new String(resultBytes);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("rsaEncrypt error:" + e.getMessage());
result = input;
}
return result;
}
//加密长度不超过117Byte，解密长度不超过128Byte
//加密
public static String rsaEncrypt(String input) {
String result = "";
try {
// 将Base64编码后的公钥转换成PublicKey对象
byte[] buffer = Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKey);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
// 加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] inputArray = input.getBytes();
int inputLength = inputArray.length;
// 最大加密字节数，超出最大字节数需要分组加密
int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;
// 标识
int offSet = 0;
byte[] resultBytes = {};
byte[] cache = {};
while (inputLength - offSet > 0) {
if (inputLength - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
cache = cipher.doFinal(inputArray, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
offSet += MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
} else {
cache = cipher.doFinal(inputArray, offSet, inputLength - offSet);
offSet = inputLength;
}
resultBytes = Arrays.copyOf(resultBytes, resultBytes.length + cache.length);
System.arraycopy(cache, 0, resultBytes, resultBytes.length - cache.length, cache.length);
}
result = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(resultBytes);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("rsaEncrypt error:" + e.getMessage());
}
return result;
}
}5.直接在需要加密的controller上加注解
@RequestMapping(value = "/saveFeedbackInfo", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@RsaParameter
public ResponseResult<Boolean> saveFeedbackInfo(
@RequestBody @Validated SJ0408_01_BO bo) {
Boolean result = sj0408_01_Service.saveFeedbackInfo(bo);
return ResponseResult.success(result);
}加密处理只对requestBody进行加密，特殊处理过，不加密也能执行。
6.有个简易的处理
弊端：Cipher提供加解密API，其中RSA非对称加密解密内容长度是有限制的，加密长度不超过117Byte，解密长度不超过128Byte，报错如下：javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Data must not be longer than 117 bytes。
一、引入jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.shuibo</groupId>
<artifactId>rsa-encrypt-body-spring-boot</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>二、启动类Application中添加@EnableSecurity注解
三、在application.yml或者application.properties中添加RSA公钥及私钥
rsa:
encrypt:
open: true # 是否开启加密 true or false
showLog: true # 是否打印加解密log true or false
publicKey: # RSA公钥
privateKey: # RSA私钥四、在controller方法上加
@Encrypt 返回值进行加密
@Decrypt 传过来的加密参数解密
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