rsync 实现windows平台 windows rsync服务

在 Windows 上使用 rsync 同步文件和目录

rsync 是一个 Unix 系统下的自由的计算机程序，它可以用来从一个地方同步文件和目录到另外一个地方，而且它使用一种 delta 编码方式来使得所需要传输的数据是尽可能的少。它被大量使用于站点镜像上。

这里介绍如何在 Windows 系统下来部署 rsync 服务器，并使用客户端同步文件和目录。

一.安装和部署服务器端

首先去下载一个为 Windows 平台开发的 rsync server：cwRsync Server ，下载后安装和一般的 Windows 安装程序一样，一直点那个“下一步”（Next）就完事了。然后修改一下配置，默认安装情况下，配置文件在 C:/Program Files/cwRsyncServer/rsyncd.conf ，默认配置内容如下：

use chroot = false

strict modes = false

hosts allow = *

log file = rsyncd.log

pid file = rsyncd.pid

# Module definitions

# Remember cygwin naming conventions : c:work becomes /cygwin/c/work

#

[test]

path = /cygdrive/c/work

read only = false

transfer logging = yes

根据这段配置你很容易做出自己的配置修改，特别注意的是要把路径 c:work 改成 /cygwin/c/work，修改完配置后，去 Windows 的服务管理器里面找到 RsyncServer 这一条，把它的属性中的启动类型从“手动”改为“自动，这样下次开机就会自动运行了，你也可以立即将该服务启动起来。

注意 rsync server 会监听 873 端口，所以如果你有开启防火墙，不要忘了开放 873 端口。

二.安装客户端

然后你可以安装一个客户端，cwRsync，也可以在刚才下载 cwRsync Server 的网站上找到，安装同样很简单，安装完成后建议你把 C:Program FilescwRsyncbin （默认安装情况下）加入到操作系统环境变量的 PATH 参数中去，然后就可以在命令行里用命令 rsync 来做同步等操作了：

1.打印帮助：

C:/>rsycn --help

rsync version 2.6.9 protocol version 29

Copyright (C) 1996-2006 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others.

Capabilities: 64-bit files, socketpairs, hard links, symlinks, batchfiles,

inplace, no IPv6, 64-bit system inums, 64-bit internal inums

rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you

are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. See the GNU

General Public Licence for details.

rsync is a file transfer program capable of efficient remote update

via a fast differencing algorithm.

Usage: rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... DEST

or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST:DEST

or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST::DEST

or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST

or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST:SRC [DEST]

or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST::SRC [DEST]

or rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST]

The ':' usages connect via remote shell, while '::' & 'rsync://' usages connect

to an rsync daemon, and require SRC or DEST to start with a module name.

Options

-v, --verbose increase verbosity

-q, --quiet suppress non-error messages

--no-motd suppress daemon-mode MOTD (see manpage caveat)

-c, --checksum skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size

-a, --archive archive mode; same as -rlptgoD (no -H)

--no-OPTION turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D)

-r, --recursive recurse into directories

-R, --relative use relative path names

--no-implied-dirs don't send implied dirs with --relative

-b, --backup make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir)

--backup-dir=DIR make backups into hierarchy based in DIR

--suffix=SUFFIX set backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir)

-u, --update skip files that are newer on the receiver

--inplace update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE)

--append append data onto shorter files

-d, --dirs transfer directories without recursing

-l, --links copy symlinks as symlinks

-L, --copy-links transform symlink into referent file/dir

--copy-unsafe-links only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed

--safe-links ignore symlinks that point outside the source tree

-k, --copy-dirlinks transform symlink to a dir into referent dir

-K, --keep-dirlinks treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir

-H, --hard-links preserve hard links

-p, --perms preserve permissions

-E, --executability preserve the file's executability

--chmod=CHMOD affect file and/or directory permissions

-o, --owner preserve owner (super-user only)

-g, --group preserve group

--devices preserve device files (super-user only)

--specials preserve special files

-D same as --devices --specials

-t, --times preserve times

-O, --omit-dir-times omit directories when preserving times

--super receiver attempts super-user activities

-S, --sparse handle sparse files efficiently

-n, --dry-run show what would have been transferred

-W, --whole-file copy files whole (without rsync algorithm)

-x, --one-file-system don't cross filesystem boundaries

-B, --block-size=SIZE force a fixed checksum block-size

-e, --rsh=COMMAND specify the remote shell to use

--rsync-path=PROGRAM specify the rsync to run on the remote machine

--existing skip creating new files on receiver

--ignore-existing skip updating files that already exist on receiver

--remove-source-files sender removes synchronized files (non-dirs)

--del an alias for --delete-during

--delete delete extraneous files from destination dirs

--delete-before receiver deletes before transfer (default)

--delete-during receiver deletes during transfer, not before

--delete-after receiver deletes after transfer, not before

--delete-excluded also delete excluded files from destination dirs

--ignore-errors delete even if there are I/O errors

--force force deletion of directories even if not empty

--max-delete=NUM don't delete more than NUM files

--max-size=SIZE don't transfer any file larger than SIZE

--min-size=SIZE don't transfer any file smaller than SIZE

--partial keep partially transferred files

--partial-dir=DIR put a partially transferred file into DIR

--delay-updates put all updated files into place at transfer's end

-m, --prune-empty-dirs prune empty directory chains from the file-list

--numeric-ids don't map uid/gid values by user/group name

--timeout=TIME set I/O timeout in seconds

-I, --ignore-times don't skip files that match in size and mod-time

--size-only skip files that match in size

--modify-window=NUM compare mod-times with reduced accuracy

-T, --temp-dir=DIR create temporary files in directory DIR

-y, --fuzzy find similar file for basis if no dest file

--compare-dest=DIR also compare destination files relative to DIR

--copy-dest=DIR ... and include copies of unchanged files

--link-dest=DIR hardlink to files in DIR when unchanged

-z, --compress compress file data during the transfer

--compress-level=NUM explicitly set compression level

-C, --cvs-exclude auto-ignore files the same way CVS does

-f, --filter=RULE add a file-filtering RULE

-F same as --filter='dir-merge /.rsync-filter'

repeated: --filter='- .rsync-filter'

--exclude=PATTERN exclude files matching PATTERN

--exclude-from=FILE read exclude patterns from FILE

--include=PATTERN don't exclude files matching PATTERN

--include-from=FILE read include patterns from FILE

--files-from=FILE read list of source-file names from FILE

-0, --from0 all *-from/filter files are delimited by 0s

--address=ADDRESS bind address for outgoing socket to daemon

--port=PORT specify double-colon alternate port number

--sockopts=OPTIONS specify custom TCP options

--blocking-io use blocking I/O for the remote shell

--stats give some file-transfer stats

-8, --8-bit-output leave high-bit chars unescaped in output

-h, --human-readable output numbers in a human-readable format

--progress show progress during transfer

-P same as --partial --progress

-i, --itemize-changes output a change-summary for all updates

--out-format=FORMAT output updates using the specified FORMAT

--log-file=FILE log what we're doing to the specified FILE

--log-file-format=FMT log updates using the specified FMT

--password-file=FILE read password from FILE

--list-only list the files instead of copying them

--bwlimit=KBPS limit I/O bandwidth; KBytes per second

--write-batch=FILE write a batched update to FILE

--only-write-batch=FILE like --write-batch but w/o updating destination

--read-batch=FILE read a batched update from FILE

--protocol=NUM force an older protocol version to be used

--version print version number

(-h) --help show this help (-h works with no other options)

Use "rsync --daemon --help" to see the daemon-mode command-line options.

Please see the rsync(1) and rsyncd.conf(5) man pages for full documentation.

See [url]http://rsync.samba.org/[/url] for updates, bug reports, and answers

2.列出 rsync server 端的 modules：

c:/>rsync rsync://rsync-server-ip

test

3.列出 module test 下的文件和目录列表：

c:/>rsyn rsync://rsync-server-ip/test/

drwxr-xr-x 0 2007/06/15 10:09:57 .

drwxr-xr-x 0 2007/06/15 10:17:58 test1

drwxr-xr-x 0 2007/06/21 04:00:00 svntest

drwxr-xr-x 0 2007/06/21 02:00:33 trac

drwxr-xr-x 0 2007/06/21 03:00:27 wiki

-rw-r--r-- 2029823 2007/06/01 04:00:02 java.7z

-rw-r--r-- 361554934 2007/06/01 04:08:56 oracle.7z

当然还可以列出 module 下的某个目录下的文件列表：

c:/>rsyn rsync://rsync-server-ip/test/wiki/ (注意要列出目录 wiki 下的东西要以/结尾，不然它只会列出 wiki 目录自身)

3.同步整个 module 到本地：

c:/> rsync -v -t -l -r rsync://rsync-server-ip/test/ .test

注意：因为同步的时候需要计算服务器文件和本地文件之间的差异等，在同步文件的过程中 CPU 的占用可能会达到 100%，所以如果你是用它来做计划任务式的备份和同步的话，最好选择系统空闲的时候，比如早上4点。