这是一个结合mysql数据库,java后端和jsp页面的综合案例:
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在代码中有对应的注释说明,所以我就直接上代码了
大致流程是:
首先访问到servlet层,在servlet层里调用StudentRepository的各个方法,然后展示到jsp页面中。所以浏览器访问路径是servlet层里StudentServlet中@WebServlet(“/student”)的路径(http://localhost:8080/student)
工具:idea,mysql数据库
1.首先看一下我的基本目录:
数据库:
2.各个层的代码:
Student.java
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer numsex;
private Integer age;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getNumsex() {
return numsex;
}
public void setNumsex(Integer numsex) {
this.numsex = numsex;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Student(Integer id, String name, Integer numsex, Integer age, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.numsex = numsex;
this.age = age;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", numsex=" + numsex +
", age=" + age +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
StudentRepository:
import com.javaweb.entity.Student;
import com.javaweb.util.JDBCTools;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class StudentRepository {
public List<Student> findAll(){
List<Student> list=new ArrayList<>();
Connection connection=null;
PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
ResultSet resultSet=null;
try {
//调用JDBCTools连接mysql数据库
connection= JDBCTools.getConnection();
String sql="select * from student";//查询语句
preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
while (resultSet.next()){
//从resultSet拿出每个属性数据
Integer id=resultSet.getInt(1);
String name=resultSet.getString(2);
Integer numsex=resultSet.getInt(3);
Integer age=resultSet.getInt(4);
String password=resultSet.getString(5);
//这里可以理解为,resultSet拿出每个属性数据赋予student对象,形成一个有数据的student对象
Student student = new Student(id, name, numsex, age, password);
list.add(student);//可能多条数据,放到集合中
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//调用JDBCTools,关闭connection,preparedStatement,resultSet
JDBCTools.release(connection,preparedStatement,resultSet);
}
return list;
}
//添加操作
public void add(Integer id,String name,Integer numsex,
Integer age,String password){
Connection connection=null;
PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
try {
connection= JDBCTools.getConnection();
String sql="insert into student(id,name,numsex,age,password) values (?,?,?,?,?)";
preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
//这里注意第一个参数对应sql语句问号的序号,
preparedStatement.setInt(1,id);//就是把id替代sql的第一个问号,id由前端传过来
preparedStatement.setString(2,name);
preparedStatement.setInt(3,numsex);
preparedStatement.setInt(4,age);
preparedStatement.setString(5,password);
preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCTools.release(connection,preparedStatement,null);
}
}
//删除操作
public void deleteById(Integer id){
Connection connection=null;
PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
try {
connection= JDBCTools.getConnection();
String sql="delete from student where id=?";
preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
preparedStatement.setInt(1,id);
preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
JDBCTools.release(connection,preparedStatement,null);
}
}
//根据id查询
public Student findById(Integer id){
Connection connection=null;
PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
ResultSet resultSet=null;
Student student=null;
try {
connection= JDBCTools.getConnection();
String sql="select * from student where id=?";
preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
preparedStatement.setInt(1,id);
resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
while (resultSet.next()){
Integer id2=resultSet.getInt(1);
String name=resultSet.getString(2);
Integer numsex=resultSet.getInt(3);
Integer age=resultSet.getInt(4);
String password=resultSet.getString(5);
student = new Student(id2, name, numsex, age, password);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
JDBCTools.release(connection,preparedStatement,resultSet);
}
return student;
}
//更新操作
public void update(Integer id,String name,Integer numsex,
Integer age,String password){
Connection connection=null;
PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
try {
connection= JDBCTools.getConnection();
String sql="update student set name=?,numsex=?,age=?,password=? where id=?";
preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
preparedStatement.setString(1,name);
preparedStatement.setInt(2,numsex);
preparedStatement.setInt(3,age);
preparedStatement.setString(4,password);
preparedStatement.setInt(5,id);
preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
JDBCTools.release(connection,preparedStatement,null);
}
}
}
StudentServlet:
import com.javaweb.entity.Student;
import com.javaweb.repository.StudentRepository;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
@WebServlet("/student")
public class StudentServlet extends HttpServlet {
//调用StudentRepository中的增删改查方法
private StudentRepository studentRepository=new StudentRepository();
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//判断前端传来的标记,以此执行相对应的增删改查操作
String method=req.getParameter("method");
if (method==null){
method="findAll";
}
switch (method){
case "findAll"://查询所有数据
List<Student> list = studentRepository.findAll();//调用StudentRepository中的findAll()方法
req.setAttribute("list",list);//存入request中
req.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(req,resp);//转发到index.jsp中
case "delete"://删除操作
String idStr=req.getParameter("id");
Integer id=Integer.parseInt(idStr);
studentRepository.deleteById(id);//根据id删除
resp.sendRedirect("/student");
break;
case "findById":
idStr=req.getParameter("id");
id=Integer.parseInt(idStr);
req.setAttribute("student",studentRepository.findById(id));
req.getRequestDispatcher("update.jsp").forward(req,resp);
break;
case "add":
req.getRequestDispatcher("add.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//防止中文乱码
String method=req.getParameter("method");
switch (method){
case "add"://添加操作
//获取前端传来的数据
String idStr=req.getParameter("id");
String name=req.getParameter("name");
String numsexStr=req.getParameter("numsex");
String ageStr=req.getParameter("age");
String password=req.getParameter("password");
Integer id=Integer.parseInt(idStr);//转化为整型
Integer numsex=Integer.parseInt(numsexStr);
Integer age=Integer.parseInt(ageStr);
studentRepository.add(id,name,numsex,age,password);//调用add方法
break;
case "update"://更新操作
idStr=req.getParameter("id");
name=req.getParameter("name");
numsexStr=req.getParameter("numsex");
ageStr=req.getParameter("age");
password=req.getParameter("password");
id=Integer.parseInt(idStr);
numsex=Integer.parseInt(numsexStr);
age=Integer.parseInt(ageStr);
studentRepository.update(id, name, numsex, age, password);
break;
}
resp.sendRedirect("/student");//重定向到index.jsp页面
}
}
JDBCTools:
import java.sql.*;
public class JDBCTools {
private static Connection connection;
private static String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/he?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone = GMT";
private static String user="root";//用户名
private static String pass="123z";//密码
static {
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Connection getConnection(){
try {
connection= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,pass);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return connection;
}
public static void release(Connection connection, Statement statement, ResultSet resultSet){
try {
if (connection!=null) {
connection.close();
}
if (statement!=null){
statement.close();
}
if (resultSet!=null){
resultSet.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
其中,web.xml创建之后不曾配置过,所以不贴代码了
add.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/student" method="post">
编号: <input type="text" name="id"/><br/>
姓名:<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
性别:<input type="text" name="numsex"/><br/>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age"/><br/>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
<input type="hidden" name="method" value="add"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>学生管理系统</h1>
<div ><a href="/student?method=add">添加</a></div>
<table>
<tr>
<th>编号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>密码</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${list}" var="student">
<tr>
<td>${student.id}</td>
<td>${student.name}</td>
<td>${student.numsex}</td>
<td>${student.age}</td>
<td>${student.password}</td>
<td>
<a href="/student?method=delete&id=${student.id}">删除</a>
<a href="/student?method=findById&id=${student.id}">修改</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
update.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/student" method="post">
编号: <input type="text" name="id" value="${student.id}" readonly/><br/>
姓名:<input type="text" name="name" value="${student.name}"/><br/>
性别:<input type="text" name="numsex" value="${student.numsex}"/><br/>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age" value="${student.age}"/><br/>
密码:<input type="password" name="password" value="${student.password}"/><br/>
<input type="hidden" name="method" value="update"/>
<input type="submit" value="修改"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.浏览器访问:
注意访问的路径,我的是http://localhost:8080/student,student这个名字对应servlet层里@WebServlet(“/student”)的路径名
访问的首页:
这里就可以进行对应的增删改操作了
点击添加:会跳转到添加页面:
提交成功后自动跳转到首页并展示
点击删除:数据直接删掉,数据库也同步删掉了
点击修改:跳转到修改页面,其中id设置不能修改:
提交后自动返回首页:
修改成功,同时数据库也修改成功!
运行时,发现很小伙伴遇到一些问题,可能是因为下面这里的包没做一下设置:
按照1,2顺序,点击+号把项目中的lib里的包导入项目
点击apply->ok
再说一下启动的问题,我是用tomcat启动的:
下拉图标有edit configrations 选项,点击进入:
这样就是大概的tomcat的启动方式了,不清楚的可以百度一下哈
大概就介绍到这啦,大家努力加油!
源码提取:
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NY9ig73G-LSVG9SgJQADxA
提取码:md6j