创建工具类
SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils
@Component
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "snow-flake")
//@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:/application.yml"}, encoding = "utf-8")
public class SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils {
//因为二进制里第一个 bit 如果是 1,那么都是负数,但是我们生成的 id 都是正数,所以第一个 bit 统一都是 0。
//机器ID 2进制5位 32位减掉1位 31个
private long workerId;
//机房ID 2进制5位 32位减掉1位 31个
private long datacenterId;
//代表一毫秒内生成的多个id的最新序号 12位 4096 -1 = 4095 个
private long sequence;
//设置一个时间初始值 2^41 - 1 差不多可以用69年
private long twepoch = 1585644268888L;
//5位的机器id
private long workerIdBits = 5L;
//5位的机房id
private long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
//每毫秒内产生的id数 2 的 12次方
private long sequenceBits = 12L;
// 这个是二进制运算,就是5 bit最多只能有31个数字,也就是说机器id最多只能是32以内
private long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
// 这个是一个意思,就是5 bit最多只能有31个数字,机房id最多只能是32以内
private long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits);
private long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
private long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
private long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;
private long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);
//记录产生时间毫秒数,判断是否是同1毫秒
private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
private int count = 1;
public long getWorkerId() {
return workerId;
}
public long getDatacenterId() {
return datacenterId;
}
public long getTimestamp() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
//public static SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils snowWork = new SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils(1,1,1);
//用yml注入@value 静态变量赋值行不通
public static long currentWorkerId;//当前机器
public static long currentDatacenterId;//当前机房
public static long currentSequence;//当前序列号
public volatile static SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils snowWork = null;
public static String getSnowId() {
//单例,解决并发问题
if (snowWork == null) {
synchronized (SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils.class) {
if (snowWork == null) {
snowWork = new SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils(currentWorkerId, currentDatacenterId, currentSequence);
}
}
}
Long nextId = snowWork.nextId();
return nextId.toString();
}
public SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils() {
}
/***
* 功能描述:
* 〈〉
* @Param: [workerId:机器ID, datacenterId:机房ID, sequence:序列号]
* @Return:
* @Author: by
* @Date: 2020/5/6 11:45
*/
public SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils(long workerId, long datacenterId, long sequence) {
// 检查机房id和机器id是否超过31 不能小于0
if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
}
if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
}
this.workerId = workerId;
this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
this.sequence = sequence;
}
// 这个是核心方法,通过调用nextId()方法,让当前这台机器上的snowflake算法程序生成一个全局唯一的id
public synchronized long nextId() {
// 这儿就是获取当前时间戳,单位是毫秒
long timestamp = timeGen();
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
System.err.printf(
"clock is moving backwards. Rejecting requests until %d.", lastTimestamp);
throw new RuntimeException(
String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds",
lastTimestamp - timestamp));
}
// 下面是说假设在同一个毫秒内,又发送了一个请求生成一个id
// 这个时候就得把seqence序号给递增1,最多就是4096
if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
// 这个意思是说一个毫秒内最多只能有4096个数字,无论你传递多少进来,
//这个位运算保证始终就是在4096这个范围内,避免你自己传递个sequence超过了4096这个范围
//4095:111111111111 == sequenceMask
//4096:1000000000000
//当sequence大于4095,与运算 1000000000000 & 111111111111 =0 0000 0000 0000 0000
//即sequence =0
sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
//System.out.println("同一毫秒:\t" + timestamp + ",生成ID数:\t" + count);
count++;
//当某一毫秒的时间,产生的id数 超过4095,系统会进入等待,直到下一毫秒,系统继续产生ID
if (sequence == 0) {
timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
count = 1;
}
} else {
sequence = 0;
count = 1;
}
// 这儿记录一下最近一次生成id的时间戳,单位是毫秒
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
// 这儿就是最核心的二进制位运算操作,生成一个64bit的id
// 先将当前时间戳左移,放到41 bit那儿;将机房id左移放到5 bit那儿;将机器id左移放到5 bit那儿;将序号放最后12 bit
// 最后拼接起来成一个64 bit的二进制数字,转换成10进制就是个long型
return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) |
(datacenterId << datacenterIdShift) |
(workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence;
}
/**
* 当某一毫秒的时间,产生的id数 超过4095,系统会进入等待,直到下一毫秒,系统继续产生ID
*
* @param lastTimestamp
* @return
*/
private long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
long timestamp = timeGen();
while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
timestamp = timeGen();
}
return timestamp;
}
//获取当前时间戳
private long timeGen() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils worker = new SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils(1, 1, 1);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.println(worker.nextId());
}
}
@Value("${snow-id.currentWorkerId}")
public void setCurrentWorkerId(long currentWorkerId) {
SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils.currentWorkerId = currentWorkerId;
}
@Value("${snow-id.currentDatacenterId}")
public void setCurrentDatacenterId(long currentDatacenterId) {
SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils.currentDatacenterId = currentDatacenterId;
}
@Value("${snow-id.currentSequence}")
public void setCurrentSequence(long currentSequence) {
SnowFlakeGenerateIDUtils.currentSequence = currentSequence;
}
}
yml参数配置
snow-id:
currentWorkerId: 1
currentDatacenterId: 1
currentSequence: 1