任务队列的特点

任务队列:就是“传递消息的队列”。与任务队列进行交互的实体有两类,一类是生产者(producer),另一类则是消费者(consumer)。生产者将需要处理的任务放入任务队列中,而消费者则不断地从任务独立中读入任务信息并执行。

任务队列的好处:

松耦合。生产者和消费者只需按照约定的任务描述格式,进行编写代码。
易于扩展。多消费者模式下,消费者可以分布在多个不同的服务器中,由此降低单台服务器的负载。

redis消息队列

Redis提供了发布订阅功能,可以用于消息的传输,Redis的发布订阅机制包括三个部分,发布者,订阅者和Channel。发布者将消息发送到某个的Channel,订阅了这个Channel的订阅者就能接收到这条消息。Redis的这种发布订阅机制与基于主题的发布订阅类似,Channel相当于主题。
订阅者可以订阅一个或多个频道(channel)(可以用通配符,监听多个频道),而发布者可以向指定的频道发送消息,所有订阅次频道的订阅者都会收到次消息。

发布者端代码

目录结构

springboot redision springboot redision 消息队列_spring

image.png

pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

application.yml

server:
  port: 18081

spring:
  redis:
    host: 192.168.0.102
    password:
    port: 6379
    jedis:
      pool:
        max-idle: 100
        max-wait: 1000s
        max-active: -1
        min-idle: 1

Const.java

public class Const {

  //通道名称
  public static final String CHANNEL = "test_channel";

}

redis 操作类 RedisService.java

@Component
public class RedisService {
    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private CountDownLatch latch;

    /**
     * 向通道发送消息的方法
     * @param channel
     * @param message
     */
    public void sendChannelMess(String channel, String message) {
        try {
            stringRedisTemplate.convertAndSend(channel, message);
            latch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

发布消息service层 PublisherServiceImpl

@Slf4j
@Service
public class PublisherServiceImpl implements PublisherService {
    @Autowired
    private RedisService redisService;

    @Override
    public String pushMsg(String params) {
        log.info(" 又开始发布消息 .......... ");
        //直接使用convertAndSend方法即可向指定的通道发布消息
        redisService.sendChannelMess(Const.CHANNEL,"我又开始发布消息了,你那边有没有收到呢?");
        return "success";
    }
}

controller层 PublisherController

@RestController
public class PublisherController {

    @Autowired
    private PublisherService publisherService;

    /**
     * push 消息
     * @param params
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("pushMsg")
    public String pushMsg(String params){
        return publisherService.pushMsg(params);
    }
}

订阅者端代码

目录结构

springboot redision springboot redision 消息队列_java_02

image.png

pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

application.yml

server:
  port: 18081

spring:
  redis:
    host: 192.168.0.102
    password:
    port: 6379
    jedis:
      pool:
        max-idle: 100
        max-wait: 1000s
        max-active: -1
        min-idle: 1

Const.java

public class Const {

  //通道名称
  public static final String CHANNEL = "test_channel";

}

创建 消息接收者(订阅者)RedisReceiver.java

/***
 * 消息接收者(订阅者)  需要注入到springboot中
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class RedisReceiver {

    private CountDownLatch latch;

    @Autowired
    public RedisReceiver(CountDownLatch latch) {
        this.latch = latch;
    }


    /**
     *  收到通道的消息之后执行的方法
     * @param message
     */
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        //这里是收到通道的消息之后执行的方法
        log.info("我收到通道里你发的的消息了....." + message);

        latch.countDown();
    }
}

创建 监听配置 RedisSubListenerConfig.java

/***
 *  redis 监听配置
 */
@Component
public class RedisSubListenerConfig {

    /**
     * 初始化监听器
     * @param connectionFactory
     * @param listenerAdapter
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
                                            MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
        RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        container.addMessageListener(listenerAdapter, new PatternTopic(Const.CHANNEL)); // new PatternTopic("这里是监听的通道的名字") 通道要和发布者发布消息的通道一致
        return container;
    }

    /**
     * 绑定消息监听者和接收监听的方法
     * @param redisReceiver
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(RedisReceiver redisReceiver) {
        // redisReceiver 消息接收者
        // receiveMessage 消息接收后的方法
        return new MessageListenerAdapter(redisReceiver, "receiveMessage");
    }

    
    @Bean
    StringRedisTemplate template(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        return new StringRedisTemplate(connectionFactory);
    }

    /**
     * 注册订阅者
     * @param latch
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    RedisReceiver receiver(CountDownLatch latch) {
        return new RedisReceiver(latch);
    }

    /**
     * 计数器,用来控制线程
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    CountDownLatch latch() {
        return new CountDownLatch(1); //指定了计数的次数 1
    }

}

1. 启动订阅者服务和发布者服务

2. 调用发布者服务里面发布消息的接口方法,订阅者那边订阅了频道就会接收到这条消息

springboot redision springboot redision 消息队列_springboot redision_03

image.png

 

springboot redision springboot redision 消息队列_spring_04

image.png