数据库下载(该数据库已经输入了广州市350条公交车路线作为测试数据)

 

在《公交车路线查询系统后台数据库设计——查询算法》一文中,已经实现了查询站点到站点的路线查询算法,但是,现实中用户不一定使用站点进行查询,而是使用地名。因此,公交车查询系统数据库必需记录地名与站点的对应关系,在查询时将地名映射为站点。根据实际情况,某一地点附近通常有几个站点,因此,地名与站点之间是多对多的关系。显然,只需创建一个地名站点关系表stop_spot(Stop,Spot)用于储存这个关系即可。数据库关系图如下:

基于java的公交线路查询系统 公交线路查询数据结构_数据库

注:

Route:路线表
Stop:站点表
Spot:地名表
stop_route: 路线-站点关系表
stop_spot:地名-站点关系表

1.路线和地名信息管理:

以下函数用于管理公交车路线和地名的相关信息

字符串分割函数(信息处理的存储过程及查询相关的存储过程均需要使用到该函数) : 

 

基于java的公交线路查询系统 公交线路查询数据结构_点集_02

SplitString
/*

函数功能:将@String以@SplitChar为分隔点分割为字符串数组,结果保留在表变量中
*/

CREATE   function SplitString(

    @String varchar(2048),

    @SplitChar char

)
returns @res table(

    Value varchar(128),

    vindex int

)
as
begin

    declare @index int,@unit varchar(128),@inext int,@len int,@i int

    set @index=1

    set @i=1

    set @len=len(@String)

    while @index<=@len

    begin

        set @inext=charindex(@SplitChar,@String,@index)

        if @inext=0 set @inext=@len+1

        if @inext>@index

        begin

            set @unit=ltrim(rtrim(substring(@String,@index,@inext-@index)))

            if @unit<>'' 

            begin

                insert into @res (value,vindex) values (@unit,@i)

                set @i=@i+1

            end

        end

        set @index=@inext+1

    end

    return
end

 

 

插入新的公车路线: 

 

InsertRoute
/*

插入新的公交车路线

Route:路线名

Stops:公交车经过的所有站点,站点用'-'隔开
*/

CREATE  proc InsertRoute(@Route varchar(32),@Stops_Str varchar(1024))
as
begin

    declare @stops table(name varchar(32),position int)

    insert @stops(name,position)

    select Value,vIndex from dbo.SplitString(@Stops_Str,'-')


    begin tran t1

    save tran sp1


    --插入路线信息
    insert into Route (name) values (@Route)

    if(@@error<>0)

    begin

        rollback tran sp1

        commit tran t1

        raiserror('插入路线时发生错误',16,1)

        return

    end


    --插入不存在的站点
    insert Stop(name)

    select distinct name from @stops ss where name not in (select name from Stop)

    if(@@error<>0)

    begin

        rollback tran sp1

        commit tran t1

        raiserror('插入路线时发生错误',16,1)

        return

    end


    insert stop_route(Stop,Route,Position)

    select ss.name,@Route,ss.position from @stops ss

    if(@@error<>0)

    begin

        rollback tran sp1

        commit tran t1

        raiserror('插入路线时发生错误',16,1)

        return

    end


    commit tran t1
end

 

 

插入新地名函数: 

 

InsertSpot
/*

插入新地名

@name:地名

@Stops:地名附近的所有站点,多个站点用'/'隔开

@Remark:与地名相关的说明
*/
CREATE   proc InsertSpot(
@name varchar(64),
@Stops_Str varchar(1024),
@Remark varchar(1024)

)
as
begin

     declare @stops table(name varchar(32))

    insert @stops select distinct Value from dbo.SplitString(@Stops_Str,'/')

    

    declare @n varchar(32)

    set @n=''

    select top 1 @n=name from @stops s where name not in (select name from stop)

    if(@n<>'')

    begin

        raiserror ('站点%s不存在',16,1,@n)

        return

    end


    insert into Spot (name,remark) values (@name,@remark)


    insert stop_spot(Stop,Spot)

    select s.name,@name from @stops s


    if(@@error<>0)

    begin

        raiserror ('插入地点时发生错误',16,1)

        return

    end
end

 

 

2.路线查询

在《公交车路线查询系统后台数据库设计——查询算法》一文中,使用储存过程InquiryT0,InquiryT1和InquiryT2实现了站点到站点的查询,但是地名可能对应多个站点,因此,当进行地点到地点的查询相当于站点集到站点集的查询。因此,为了支持地点到地点的查询,将InquiryT0,InquiryT1和InquiryT2修改为站点集到站点集的查询。以下是与查询相关的函数和存储过程:

直达路线查询: 

 

InquiryT0
/*

查询站点@StartStops到站点@EndStops之间的直达乘车路线,多个站点用'/'分开,如:

exec InquiryT0  '站点1/站点2','站点3/站点4'
*/

CREATE   proc InquiryT0(@StartStops varchar(32),@EndStops varchar(32))
as
begin

    declare @ss_tab table(name varchar(32))

    declare @es_tab table(name varchar(32))

    insert @ss_tab select Value from dbo.SplitString(@StartStops,'/')

    insert @es_tab select Value from dbo.SplitString(@EndStops,'/')

    if(exists(select * from @ss_tab sst,@es_tab est where sst.name=est.name))

    begin

        raiserror ('起点集和终点集中含有相同的站点',16,1)

        return

    end

    select

        sst.name as 启始站点,

        est.name as 目的站点,

        r.Route as 乘坐线路,

        r.StopCount as 经过的站点数

    from

        @ss_tab sst,

        @es_tab est,

        RouteT0 r

    where 

        sst.name=r.StartStop 

        and r.EndStop=est.name
end

 

 

一次换乘查询: 

 

InquiryT1
/*

查询站点@StartStops到站点@EndStops之间的一次换乘乘车路线,多个站点用'/'分开,如:

exec InquiryT1 '站点1/站点2','站点3/站点4'
*/

CREATE   proc InquiryT1(@StartStops varchar(32),@EndStops varchar(32))
as
begin

    declare @ss_tab table(name varchar(32))

    declare @es_tab table(name varchar(32))

    insert @ss_tab select Value from dbo.SplitString(@StartStops,'/')

    insert @es_tab select Value from dbo.SplitString(@EndStops,'/')

    if(exists(select * from @ss_tab sst,@es_tab est where sst.name=est.name))

    begin

        raiserror ('起点集和终点集中含有相同的站点',16,1)

        return

    end


    declare @stops table(name varchar(32))

    insert @stops select name from @ss_tab

    insert @stops select name from @es_tab


    select

        sst.name as 起始站点,

        r1.Route as 乘坐路线1,

        r1.EndStop as 中转站点1,

        r2.Route as 乘坐路线2,

        est.name as 目的站点,

        r1.StopCount+r2.StopCount as 总站点数

    from 

        @ss_tab sst,

        @es_tab est,

        (select * from RouteT0 where EndStop not in (select name from @stops)) r1,

        RouteT0 r2

    where

        sst.name=r1.StartStop

        and r1.EndStop=r2.StartStop

        and r2.EndStop=est.name

        and r1.Route<>r2.Route
end

 

 

二次换乘查询:

 

InquiryT2
/*

查询站点@StartStops到站点@EndStops之间的二次换乘乘车路线,多个站点用'/'分开,如:

exec InquiryT2 '站点1/站点2','站点3/站点4'
*/

CREATE      proc InquiryT2(@StartStops varchar(32),@EndStops varchar(32))
as
begin

    declare @ss_tab table(name varchar(32))

    declare @es_tab table(name varchar(32))

    insert @ss_tab select Value from dbo.SplitString(@StartStops,'/')

    insert @es_tab select Value from dbo.SplitString(@EndStops,'/')

    if(exists(select * from @ss_tab sst,@es_tab est where sst.name=est.name))

    begin

        raiserror ('起点集和终点集中含有相同的站点',16,1)

        return

    end


    declare @stops table(name varchar(32))

    insert @stops select name from @ss_tab

    insert @stops select name from @es_tab


    select

        r1.StartStop as 启始站点,

        r1.Route as 乘坐路线1,

        r1.EndStop as 中转站点1,

        r2.Route as 乘坐路线2,

        r2.EndStop as 中转站点2,

        r3.Route as 乘坐路线3,

        r3.EndStop as 目的站点,

        r1.StopCount+r2.StopCount+r3.StopCount as 总站点数

    from 

        @ss_tab sst,

        @es_tab est,

        (select * from RouteT0 where EndStop not in (select name from @stops)) r1,

        (select * from RouteT0 where EndStop not in (select name from @stops)) r2,

        RouteT0 r3

    where

        sst.name=r1.StartStop

        and r1.EndStop=r2.StartStop

        and r2.EndStop=r3.StartStop

        and r3.EndStop=est.name

        and r1.Route<>r2.Route

        and r2.Route<>r3.Route

        and r3.Route<>r1.Route
end

 

 

综合查询: 

Inquiry
/*

查询站点@StartStops到站点@EndStops之间的乘车路线,先查询直达路线,如不存在,则查询一次换乘路线,如果直达和一次换乘均不存在,则查询二次换乘

多个站点用'/'分开,如:

exec Inquiry  '站点1/站点2','站点3/站点4'
*/

CREATE  proc Inquiry(@StartStops varchar(32),@EndStops varchar(32))
as
begin

    exec InquiryT0 @StartStops,@EndStops

    if(@@rowcount=0)

    begin

        exec InquiryT1 @StartStops,@EndStops

        if(@@rowcount=0)

        begin

            exec InquiryT2 @StartStops,@EndStops

        end

    end
end

 

 

获取地名对应的站点: 

GetStopsOfSpot
/*

获取地名对应的站点,如有多个站点,用'/'隔开
*/

CREATE   function GetStopsOfSpot(@Spot varchar(32))
returns varchar(1024)
as
begin

    declare @stops varchar(1024)

    set @stops=''

    select @stops=@stops+'/'+stop from stop_spot where Spot=@Spot

    return substring(@stops,2,len(@stops)-1)
end

 

 

如要进行地名到地名的路线查询,必需先调用GetStopsOfSpot获取地名对应的所有站点,在调用Inquiry进行查询,例如:

 

declare @sps varchar(1024),@eps varchar(1024)
set @sps=dbo.GetStopsOfSpot('起始地点名称')
set @eps=dbo.GetStopsOfSpot('目的地点名称')
exec Inquiry @sps,@eps