使用方法手册

NAME


nmblookup - 基于TCP/IP上的NetBIOS客户用于查询NetBIOS名字的程序

总览 SYNOPSIS

nmblookup[-M] [-R] [-S] [-r] [-A] [-h] [-B <broadcast address>] [-U <unicast address>] [-d <debug level>] [-s <smb config file>] [-i <NetBIOS scope>][-T] [-f] {name}


描述 DESCRIPTION

nmblookup是Samba(7)套件的一部分。

nmblookup用于在网络中查询NetBIOS名字并映射对应的IP地址。使用它可以在一个特殊的IP广播区域或者机器中直接查询名字。所有的查询操作都在UDP上实现。


选项 OPTIONS


通过查找类型为 0x1d的NetBIOS名字

name来搜索一个主浏览器。如果

name是 "-"，那么它搜索特殊的名字

__MSBROWSE__。 Please note that in order to use the name "-", you need to make sure "-" isn't parsed as an argument, e.g. use :

nmblookup -M -- -。


-R

-S



-r 用这个选项来试图并绑定UDP端口137用于发送和接收UDP数据包。使用这个选项的理由是Windows 95在这方面有一个错误：它会忽略请求数据包的原始端口而只回复到UDP端口137(系统发送和接收包可能并不用137端口)。不幸的情况是在UNIX系统上绑定这个端口需要root权限。另外，运行 nmbd守护程序也应该绑定到这个端口。


-A 用这个选项把 name参数解释成一个IP地址并使用这个地址来作节点状态查询。 


-n <primary NetBIOS name> 
  
 
   This option allows you to override the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical to setting the 
  netbios nameparameter in the 
  smb.conffile. However, a command line setting will take precedence over settings in 
  smb.conf. 
   
 
   -i <scope> 
  
 
   This specifies a NetBIOS scope that 
  nmblookupwill use to communicate with when generating NetBIOS names. For details on the use of NetBIOS scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS scopes are 
  veryrarely used, only set this parameter if you are the system administrator in charge of all the NetBIOS systems you communicate with. 
   
 
   -W|--workgroup=domain 
  
  
 
   -O socket options 
  
 
   TCP socket options to set on the client socket. See the socket options parameter in the 
  smb.confmanual page for the list of valid options.

-h|--help

-B <broadcast address> 用给出的广播地址发送查询。如果没有使用这个选项的话，nmblookup将会把查询发送到通过自动检测或者在 smb.conf(5)文件的

interfaces参数定义好的网络接口的广播地址上。


-U <unicast address> 用这个选项对指定地址或者 unicast address主机进行单独的查询。查找一个WINS服务器需要这样的参数(还有

-R选项)。


-V

-s <configuration file> 指定的文件包含服务器需要的配置细节。文件信息包括服务器特定的信息，比如使用哪个 printcap文件；也包括服务器提供的服务的描述。查看 smb.conf来获得更详细的信息。默认的配置文件名是在编译时指定的。


-d|--debug=debuglevel debuglevel是个从0到10的整数。参数未指定时默认值为0。


这个值越高，将记录越多关于nmblookup活动的资料。在把调试级设为0时，只记录紧急错误和严重警告。级别一是日常运行时合适的级别 - 它产生小量的执行操作的信息。

1以上的调试级将产生相当多的记录数据，并且只在研究问题时才有用。3以上的调试级只被设计为让开发者使用并会产生极大数量的记录数据，而且其中很多部分非常难以理解。

注意在此使用这个参数将越过在smb.conf(5)文件中的log level参数。


-l|--logfile=logbasename 
  
 
   File name for log/debug files. The extension 
  ".client"will be appended. The log file is never removed by the client.

-T

IP address .... NetBIOS name

对应关系前面。


-f

name


范例 EXAMPLES

nmblookup可被用于查询WINS服务器(同样nslookup用于查询DNS服务器)。要查询WINS服务器，必须这样调用nmblookup：

nmblookup -U server -R 'name'

例如，运行：

nmblookup -U samba.org -R 'IRIX#1B'

通过这个命令将向WINS服务器samba.org查询IRIX工作组中的域主浏览器(名字类型为1B)。

英文版：

NMBLOOKUP(1) User Commands NMBLOOKUP(1)
NAME
 nmblookup - NetBIOS over TCP/IP client used to lookup NetBIOS names
SYNOPSIS
 nmblookup [-M] [-R] [-S] [-r] [-A] [-h] [-B <broadcast address>]
 [-U <unicast address>] [-d <debug level>] [-s <smb config file>]
 [-i <NetBIOS scope>] [-T] [-f] {name}
DESCRIPTION
 This tool is part of the samba(7) suite.
 nmblookup is used to query NetBIOS names and map them to IP addresses
 in a network using NetBIOS over TCP/IP queries. The options allow the
 name queries to be directed at a particular IP broadcast area or to a
 particular machine. All queries are done over UDP.
OPTIONS
 -M
 Searches for a master browser by looking up the NetBIOS name name
 with a type of 0x1d. If
 name is "-" then it does a lookup on the special name
 __MSBROWSE__. Please note that in order to use the name "-", you
 need to make sure "-" isn´t parsed as an argument, e.g. use :
 nmblookup -M -- -.
 -R
 Set the recursion desired bit in the packet to do a recursive
 lookup. This is used when sending a name query to a machine running
 a WINS server and the user wishes to query the names in the WINS
 server. If this bit is unset the normal (broadcast responding)
 NetBIOS processing code on a machine is used instead. See RFC1001,
 RFC1002 for details.
 -S
 Once the name query has returned an IP address then do a node
 status query as well. A node status query returns the NetBIOS names
 registered by a host.
 -r
 Try and bind to UDP port 137 to send and receive UDP datagrams. The
 reason for this option is a bug in Windows 95 where it ignores the
 source port of the requesting packet and only replies to UDP port
 137. Unfortunately, on most UNIX systems root privilege is needed
 to bind to this port, and in addition, if the nmbd(8) daemon is
 running on this machine it also binds to this port.
 -A
 Interpret name as an IP Address and do a node status query on this
 address.
 -n|--netbiosname <primary NetBIOS name>
 This option allows you to override the NetBIOS name that Samba uses
 for itself. This is identical to setting the smb.conf.5.html#
 parameter in the smb.conf file. However, a command line setting
 will take precedence over settings in smb.conf.
 -i|--scope <scope>
 This specifies a NetBIOS scope that nmblookup will use to
 communicate with when generating NetBIOS names. For details on the
 use of NetBIOS scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS
 scopes are very rarely used, only set this parameter if you are the
 system administrator in charge of all the NetBIOS systems you
 communicate with.
 -W|--workgroup=domain
 Set the SMB domain of the username. This overrides the default
 domain which is the domain defined in smb.conf. If the domain
 specified is the same as the servers NetBIOS name, it causes the
 client to log on using the servers local SAM (as opposed to the
 Domain SAM).
 -O|--socket-options socket options
 TCP socket options to set on the client socket. See the socket
 options parameter in the smb.conf manual page for the list of valid
 options.
 -h|--help
 Print a summary of command line options.
 -B <broadcast address>
 Send the query to the given broadcast address. Without this option
 the default behavior of nmblookup is to send the query to the
 broadcast address of the network interfaces as either auto-detected
 or defined in the interfaces parameter of the smb.conf(5) file.
 -U <unicast address>
 Do a unicast query to the specified address or host unicast
 address. This option (along with the -R option) is needed to query
 a WINS server.
 -d|--debuglevel=level
 level is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this
 parameter is not specified is 0.
 The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log
 files about the activities of the server. At level 0, only critical
 errors and serious warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable
 level for day-to-day running - it generates a small amount of
 information about operations carried out.
 Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and
 should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3
 are designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts
 of log data, most of which is extremely cryptic.
 Note that specifying this parameter here will override the
 smb.conf.5.html# parameter in the smb.conf file.
 -V|--version
 Prints the program version number.
 -s|--configfile <configuration file>
 The file specified contains the configuration details required by
 the server. The information in this file includes server-specific
 information such as what printcap file to use, as well as
 descriptions of all the services that the server is to provide. See
 smb.conf for more information. The default configuration file name
 is determined at compile time.
 -l|--log-basename=logdirectory
 Base directory name for log/debug files. The extension ".progname"
 will be appended (e.g. log.smbclient, log.smbd, etc...). The log
 file is never removed by the client.
 -T
 This causes any IP addresses found in the lookup to be looked up
 via a reverse DNS lookup into a DNS name, and printed out before
 each
 IP address .... NetBIOS name
 pair that is the normal output.
 -f
 Show which flags apply to the name that has been looked up.
 Possible answers are zero or more of: Response, Authoritative,
 Truncated, Recursion_Desired, Recursion_Available, Broadcast.
 name
 This is the NetBIOS name being queried. Depending upon the previous
 options this may be a NetBIOS name or IP address. If a NetBIOS name
 then the different name types may be specified by appending
 ´#<type>´ to the name. This name may also be ´*´, which will return
 all registered names within a broadcast area.
EXAMPLES
 nmblookup can be used to query a WINS server (in the same way nslookup
 is used to query DNS servers). To query a WINS server, nmblookup must
 be called like this:
 nmblookup -U server -R ´name´
 For example, running :
 nmblookup -U samba.org -R ´IRIX#1B´
 would query the WINS server samba.org for the domain master browser (1B
 name type) for the IRIX workgroup.
VERSION
 This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite.
SEE ALSO
 nmbd(8), samba(7), and smb.conf(5).
AUTHOR
 The original Samba software and related utilities were created by
 Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open
 Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
 The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page
 sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open
 Source software, available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and
 updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to
 DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to
 DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.
Samba 3.5 06/18/2010 NMBLOOKUP(1)