python 设置句柄窗体大小 python操作窗口句柄

前言：本店绝不含地沟油

顾客：“老板，你这油怎么这么亮呀，跟我平常吃的不一样，不会是地沟油吧？”

回答：“你平常吃的是地沟油！”

继续缅怀逝去的程序员生涯

倒腾WinForm， 是这样的俺想做个方便的类来控制其他程序的窗口，具体就是操作句柄。

这里以改变窗口的输入框（Text）举例，其他自己搞吧，就是调用WinAPI。

实现过程：

过程一：找到当前鼠标位置的句柄

您的使用2个WinAPI（俺喜欢自己封装下来用）：

View Code

[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetCursorPos")]
public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out Point pt);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "WindowFromPoint")]
public static extern IntPtr WindowFromPoint(Point pt);

//鼠标位置的坐标
        public static Point GetCursorPosPoint()
        {
            Point p = new Point();
if (GetCursorPos(out p))
            {
return p;
            }
return default(Point);
        }

/// <summary>
/// 找到句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">坐标</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static IntPtr GetHandle(Point p)
        {
return WindowFromPoint(p);
        }

过程二：改变窗口的Text

您的使用1个WinAPI：

View Code

[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, string lParam);

/// <summary>
/// 给窗口发送内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
/// <param name="lParam">要发送的内容</param>
        public static void SetText(IntPtr hWnd, string lParam)
        {
            SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, lParam);
        }
private const int WM_SETTEXT = 0x000C;

通过这个方法就能改变Text的值了。

思考：如果俺把这个窗口的句柄记录下来，下次不用鼠标获取，直接就能改变值不蛮好的嘛。

例如：我有个桌面系统老叫我输入用户名，密码。我记录用户名和密码的窗口句柄，然后改变他们的输入值，这样多省事。（只是举例，不考虑安全性）

问题：你会告诉我，窗口句柄的每次重建会变的呀，咋办。

回答：类名不变呀。

过程三：您的准备一些工具吧，例如：句柄找类名呀，类名找句柄什么的等等，下面会用到一些WinAPI

View Code

[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")]
private static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string IpClassName, string IpWindowName);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx")]
private static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetParent")]
public static extern IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);

/// <summary>
/// 找到句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="IpClassName">类名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static IntPtr GetHandle(string IpClassName)
        {
return FindWindow(IpClassName, null);
        }

/// <summary>
/// 子窗口句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="hwndChildAfter">前一个同目录级同名窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="lpszClass">类名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static IntPtr GetChildHandle(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass)
        {
return FindWindowEx(hwndParent, hwndChildAfter, lpszClass, null);
        }

/// <summary>
/// 全部子窗口句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="className">类名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static List<IntPtr> GetChildHandles(IntPtr hwndParent, string className)
        {
            List<IntPtr> resultList = new List<IntPtr>();
for (IntPtr hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, IntPtr.Zero, className); hwndClient != IntPtr.Zero; hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, hwndClient, className))
            {
                resultList.Add(hwndClient);
            }

return resultList;
        }

/// <summary>
/// 找类名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            StringBuilder lpClassName = new StringBuilder(128);
if (GetClassName(hWnd, lpClassName, lpClassName.Capacity) == 0)
            {
throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!");
            }
return lpClassName.ToString();
        }

思考：遍历桌面上所有的窗口，然后找类名，然后改他的Text，扯淡嘛,相同的类名太多了，找毛呀。

实现：不仅记录类名，而且记录类名在父窗口出现的位置，然后通过桌面一层层找下来，最后找到这个句柄。（虽然不是太准，但是一般的还是能解决了，如果你有什么好方式一起研究）。

过程四：实现一个WinHWND的类，可以把他的规则，他的父窗口类名，以及在父窗口中同类名出现的顺序记录下来，然后通过这些记录的信息还原句柄。

View Code

public class WinHWND
    {
public IntPtr HWND { get; set; }
public string ClassName { get; set; }
public WinHWND Parent { get; set; }
public int InParentSequence { get; set; }

private WinHWND() { }

public WinHWND(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
this.HWND = hWnd;
this.ClassName = GetClassName();
this.Parent = GetParent();
this.InParentSequence = GetInParentSequence();
        }

private string GetClassName()
        {
return WinAPI.GetClassName(this.HWND);
        }
private WinHWND GetParent()
        {
if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == null)
            {
throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!");
            }

if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
return null;
            }

return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND));
        }
private int GetInParentSequence()
        {
            IntPtr IntprtParent = this.Parent == null ? IntPtr.Zero : this.Parent.HWND;
return WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntprtParent, this.ClassName).IndexOf(this.HWND);
        }

public override string ToString()
        {
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (WinHWND winHandle = this; winHandle != null; winHandle = winHandle.Parent)
            {
                result.Append(string.Format("{0}:{1};", Escape(winHandle.ClassName), winHandle.InParentSequence.ToString()));
if (winHandle.InParentSequence == -1) break;
            }
return result.ToString().TrimEnd(';');
        }

private static string GetBaseMark(string sMark)
        {
string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');
return sMarks[sMarks.Length - 1].Split(':')[0];
        }

private static string[] GetChildMarks(string sMark)
        {
string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');
string[] sChildMarks = new string[sMarks.Length - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < sChildMarks.Length; i ++ )
            {
                sChildMarks[i] = sMarks[i ];
            }
return sChildMarks;
        }

//我一直觉得这段写很丑陋，谁能帮帮我改改
        public static WinHWND GetWinHWND(string sMark)
        {
            List<IntPtr> baseHwnds = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntPtr.Zero, GetBaseMark(sMark));
string[] sChildMarks = GetChildMarks(sMark);
//由于主窗口在桌面出现所以很可能同名，所以要看看他的儿子和孙子...是不是都匹配
            foreach (IntPtr baseHwnd in baseHwnds)
            {
                IntPtr handle = baseHwnd;
for (int i = sChildMarks.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
                {
string[] sChildMark = sChildMarks[i].Split(':');
try
                    {
                        handle = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(handle, UnEscape(sChildMark[0]))[int.Parse(sChildMark[1])];
                    }
catch
                    {
break;
                    }

if (i == 0) return new WinHWND(handle);
                }
continue;
            }

return null;
        }

#region 转义
private static string Escape(string arg)
        {
return arg.Replace(":", "\\:").Replace(";","\\;");
        }

private static string UnEscape(string arg)
        {
return arg.Replace("\\:", ":").Replace("\\;", ";");
        }
#endregion

public static WinHWND GetWinHWND()
        {
return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetHandle(WinAPI.GetCursorPosPoint()));
        }
    }

上全部代码，里面加了窗口的部分属性，扩展其他的属性，自己发挥吧，就是搞WinAPI

View Code

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;

namespace InformationCollectionDataFill
{
public class WinAPI
    {
#region WinodwsAPI
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")]
private static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string IpClassName, string IpWindowName);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx")]
private static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, string lParam);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetParent")]
public static extern IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetCursorPos")]
public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out Point pt);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "WindowFromPoint", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
public static extern IntPtr WindowFromPoint(Point pt);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetWindowRect(IntPtr hwnd, ref Rectangle rc);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetClientRect(IntPtr hwnd, ref Rectangle rc);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int MoveWindow(IntPtr hwnd, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, bool bRepaint);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]
public static extern int ScreenToClient(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rectangle rect);
#endregion

#region 封装API方法
/// <summary>
/// 找到句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="IpClassName">类名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static IntPtr GetHandle(string IpClassName)
        {
return FindWindow(IpClassName, null);
        }

/// <summary>
/// 找到句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">坐标</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static IntPtr GetHandle(Point p)
        {
return WindowFromPoint(p);
        }

//鼠标位置的坐标
        public static Point GetCursorPosPoint()
        {
            Point p = new Point();
if (GetCursorPos(out p))
            {
return p;
            }
return default(Point);
        }

/// <summary>
/// 子窗口句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="hwndChildAfter">前一个同目录级同名窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="lpszClass">类名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static IntPtr GetChildHandle(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass)
        {
return FindWindowEx(hwndParent, hwndChildAfter, lpszClass, null);
        }

/// <summary>
/// 全部子窗口句柄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="className">类名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static List<IntPtr> GetChildHandles(IntPtr hwndParent, string className)
        {
            List<IntPtr> resultList = new List<IntPtr>();
for (IntPtr hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, IntPtr.Zero, className); hwndClient != IntPtr.Zero; hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, hwndClient, className))
            {
                resultList.Add(hwndClient);
            }

return resultList;
        }

/// <summary>
/// 给窗口发送内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
/// <param name="lParam">要发送的内容</param>
        public static void SetText(IntPtr hWnd, string lParam)
        {
            SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, lParam);
        }
private const int WM_SETTEXT = 0x000C;

/// <summary>
/// 获得窗口内容或标题
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetText(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(128);
            GetWindowText(hWnd, result, result.Capacity);
return result.ToString();
        }

/// <summary>
/// 找类名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            StringBuilder lpClassName = new StringBuilder(128);
if (GetClassName(hWnd, lpClassName, lpClassName.Capacity) == 0)
            {
throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!");
            }
return lpClassName.ToString();
        }

/// <summary>
/// 窗口在屏幕位置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static Rectangle GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            Rectangle result = default(Rectangle);
            GetWindowRect(hWnd, ref result);
return result;
        }

/// <summary>
/// 窗口相对屏幕位置转换成父窗口位置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <param name="rect"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static Rectangle ScreenToClient(IntPtr hWnd, Rectangle rect)
        {
            Rectangle result = rect;
            ScreenToClient(hWnd, ref result);
return result;
        }

/// <summary>
/// 窗口大小
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public static Rectangle GetClientRect(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            Rectangle result = default(Rectangle);
            GetClientRect(hWnd, ref result);
return result;
        }
#endregion
    }

public class WinHWND
    {
public IntPtr HWND { get; set; }
public string ClassName { get; set; }
public WinHWND Parent { get; set; }
public int InParentSequence { get; set; }

private Rectangle _currentRect;
private string _Text;
private int _Left;
private int _Top;
private int _Width;
private int _Height;

public string Text
        {
get
            {
return _Text == default(string) ? WinAPI.GetText(this.HWND) : _Text;
            }
set
            {
                _Text = value;
                WinAPI.SetText(this.HWND, value);
            }
        }
public int Left
        {
get
            {
return _Left == default(int) ? _currentRect.Left : _Left;
            }
set
            {
                _Left = value;
                WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, value, this.Top, this.Width, this.Height, true);
            }
        }
public int Top
        {
get
            {
return _Top == default(int) ? _currentRect.Top : _Top;
            }
set
            {
                _Top = value;
                WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, value, this.Width, this.Height, true);
            }
        }
public int Width
        {
get
            {
return _Width == default(int) ? _currentRect.Width : _Width;
            }
set
            {
                _Width = value;
                WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, this.Top, value, this.Height, true);
            }
        }
public int Height
        {
get
            {
return _Height == default(int) ? _currentRect.Height : _Height;
            }
set
            {
                _Height = value;
                WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, this.Top, this.Width, value, true);
            }
        }

private WinHWND() { }
public WinHWND(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
this.HWND = hWnd;
this.ClassName = GetClassName();
this.Parent = GetParent();
this.InParentSequence = GetInParentSequence();
this._currentRect = GetRect();
        }

private string GetClassName()
        {
return WinAPI.GetClassName(this.HWND);
        }
private WinHWND GetParent()
        {
if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == null)
            {
throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!");
            }

if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
return null;
            }

return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND));
        }
private int GetInParentSequence()
        {
            IntPtr IntprtParent = this.Parent == null ? IntPtr.Zero : this.Parent.HWND;
return WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntprtParent, this.ClassName).IndexOf(this.HWND);
        }
private Rectangle GetRect()
        {
if (this.Parent == null) return default(Rectangle);
            Rectangle clientSize = WinAPI.GetClientRect(this.HWND);
            Rectangle clientPoint = WinAPI.ScreenToClient(this.Parent.HWND, WinAPI.GetWindowRect(this.HWND));
return new Rectangle(clientPoint.X, clientPoint.Y, clientSize.Width, clientSize.Height);
        }

public static WinHWND GetWinHWND()
        {
return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetHandle(WinAPI.GetCursorPosPoint()));
        }

public override string ToString()
        {
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (WinHWND winHandle = this; winHandle != null; winHandle = winHandle.Parent)
            {
                result.Append(string.Format("{0}:{1};", Escape(winHandle.ClassName), winHandle.InParentSequence.ToString()));
if (winHandle.InParentSequence == -1) break;
            }
return result.ToString().TrimEnd(';');
        }

private static string GetBaseMark(string sMark)
        {
string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');
return sMarks[sMarks.Length - 1].Split(':')[0];
        }

private static string[] GetChildMarks(string sMark)
        {
string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');
string[] sChildMarks = new string[sMarks.Length - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < sChildMarks.Length; i ++ )
            {
                sChildMarks[i] = sMarks[i];
            }
return sChildMarks;
        }

//我一直觉得这段写很丑陋，谁能帮帮我改改
        public static WinHWND GetWinHWND(string sMark)
        {
            List<IntPtr> baseHwnds = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntPtr.Zero, GetBaseMark(sMark));
string[] sChildMarks = GetChildMarks(sMark);
//由于主窗口在桌面出现所以很可能同名，所以要看看他的儿子和孙子...是不是都匹配
            foreach (IntPtr baseHwnd in baseHwnds)
            {
                IntPtr handle = baseHwnd;
for (int i = sChildMarks.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
                {
string[] sChildMark = sChildMarks[i].Split(':');
try
                    {
                        handle = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(handle, UnEscape(sChildMark[0]))[int.Parse(sChildMark[1])];
                    }
catch
                    {
break;
                    }

if (i == 0) return new WinHWND(handle);
                }
continue;
            }

return null;
        }

#region 转义
private static string Escape(string arg)
        {
return arg.Replace(":", "\\:").Replace(";","\\;");
        }

private static string UnEscape(string arg)
        {
return arg.Replace("\\:", ":").Replace("\\;", ";");
        }
#endregion
    }
}

Demo.rar效果: