docker containerd io很高

04-Docker-Container管理操作

Docker Version: 19.03.5

😄 Written by Zak Zhu

目录

• 04-Docker-Container管理操作

• 参考
• 容器运行须知
• 容器生命周期
• 容器管理命令

• 1. 生命周期
• 2. 查看操作
• 3. 命令执行
• 4. 文件复制

• 容器用途分类

参考

• Breeze老师的docker培训
• 马哥docker视频

容器运行须知

• 容器是为进程任务而生的
• 容器的生命周期是短暂的

一个容器建议只运行一个进程(容器内PID为1), 而且这个进程需要在容器内以Foreground方式运行, 不能以Background方式运行. 如果进程退出了, 那么容器就发现Foreground Stdout不被占据, 于是容器也随之退出

容器运行过程:

1. 检查本地是否存在指定的镜像, 如果没有就从指定的仓库下载
2. 利用镜像启动一个容器
3. 分配一个文件系统, 并在只读的镜像层上面挂载一层可读写层
4. 从宿主机配置的网桥接口中桥接一个虚拟接口到容器中去
5. 从地址池配置一个IP给容器
6. 执行用户指定的程序
7. 执行完毕后停止容器

容器生命周期

容器管理命令

---

1. 生命周期

• run

Run a command in a new container

• Usage:
  docker container run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

OPTION	COMMENT
--detach	Run container in background and print container ID
--interactive	Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--tty	Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--rm	Automatically remove the container when it exits
...	...

Often use:

• 在后台运行容器及应用

docker container run --detach IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

• 在前台运行容器并交互

docker container run --interactive --tty IMAGE /bin/sh

• start

Start one or more stopped containers

• Usage:
  docker container start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]Often use:

• 启动容器

docker container start CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

• stop

Stop one or more running containers

• Usage:
  docker container stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]Often use:

• 停止容器

docker container stop CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

• kill

Kill one or more running containers

• Usage:
  docker container kill [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]Often use:

• 杀掉容器

docker container kill CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

• restart

Restart one or more containers

• Usage:
  docker container restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]Often use:

• 重启容器

docker container restart CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

• rm

Remove one or more containers

• Usage:
  docker container rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

OPTION	COMMENT
--force	Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
--volumes	Remove the volumes associated with the container
...	...

Often use:

• 删除已退出的容器

docker container rm CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

• 删除正运行的容器

docker container rm --force CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

• 删除容器及挂载卷

docker container rm --volumes CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

---

---

2. 查看操作

• ls

List containers

• Usage:
  docker container ls [OPTIONS]

OPTION	COMMENT
--all	Show all containers (default shows just running)
--no-trunc	Don't truncate output
--quiet	Only display numeric IDs
--size	Display total file sizes
--latest	Show the latest created container (includes all states)
...	...

Often use:

• 列出所有容器及其状态

docker container ls [ --all ]

• 显示最近一次创建容器

docker container ls --latest

• 列出所有容器的ID

docker container ls --quiet [ --no-trunc ]

• 列出所有容器的SIZE

docker container ls --size

• inspect

Display detailed information on one or more containers

• Usage:
  docker container inspect [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]Often use:

• 显示容器详细信息

docker container inspect CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

• logs

Fetch the logs of a container

• Usage:
  docker container logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

OPTION	COMMENT
--details	Show extra details provided to logs
--follow	Follow log output
--since string	Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
--tail string	Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
--timestamps	Show timestamps
--until string	Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)

• top

Display the running processes of a container

• Usage:
  docker container top CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]Often use:

• 在宿主机上查看容器应用进程

docker container top CONTAINER

• stats

Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics

• Usage:
  docker container stats [OPTIONS] [CONTAINER...]

OPTION	COMMENT
--all	Show all containers (default shows just running)
--no-stream	Disable streaming stats and only pull the first result
...	...

Often use:

• 查看所有容器的资源使用情况统计

docker container stats [ --all ] [ --no-stream ]

• 查看一个容器的资源使用情况统计

docker container stats [ --no-stream ] CONTAINER

---

---

3. 命令执行

• exec

Run a command in a running container

• Usage:
  docker container exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

OPTION	COMMENT
--env list	Set environment variables
--interactive	Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--privileged	Give extended privileges to the command
--tty	Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--user string	Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--workdir string	Working directory inside the container
...	...

Often use:

• 执行容器中的命令

docker container exec CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

• 进入容器的SHELL

docker container exec --interactive --tty CONTAINER /bin/sh

---

---

4. 文件复制

• cp

Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem

• Usage:
  docker container cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATHdocker container cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH CONTAINER:DEST_PATH

OPTION	COMMENT
--archive	Archive mode (copy all uid/gid information)
--follow-link	Always follow symbol link in SRC_PATH

---

---

容器用途分类

容器按用途大致可分为两类：

• 服务类容器
  如 web server、database等

E.G. 运行httpd容器

docker container run --name="web-server" --detach httpd

• 工具类容器
  如curl容器，redis-cli容器

E.G. 运行curl容器

docker container run --interactive --tty --rm appropriate/curl curl 172.17.0.5