docker file 创建文件夹 dockerfile制作systemctl

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数据科学探索者 2023-08-18 13:31:55

文章标签 docker file 创建文件夹 mysql docker nginx 文章分类 Docker 云计算

文章目录

一：使用Dockerfile构建镜像

1.1：Dockerfile常用命令解释
1.2：构建SSHD镜像
1.3：构建systemctl镜像
1.4：构建nginx镜像
1.5：构建Tomcat镜像
1.6：构建MySQL镜像

一：使用Dockerfile构建镜像

1.1：Dockerfile常用命令解释

指令	含义
FROM 镜像	指定新镜像所基于的镜像，第一条指令必须为FROM指令，每创建一个镜像就需要一条FROM指令
MAINTAINER 名字	说明新镜像的维护人信息
RUN 命令	在所基于的镜像执行命令，并提交到新的镜像中
CMD [ “要运行的程序”，“参数1”，“参数2”]	指令启动容器时要运行的命令或者脚本，Dockerfile只能有一条CMD命令，如果指定多条则只能执行最后一条
EXPOSE 端口号	指定新镜像加载到Docker时要开启的端口
ENV 环境变量变量值	设置一个环境变量的值，会被后面的RUN使用
ADD 源文件/目录目标文件/目录	将源文件复制到目标文件，源文件要与Dockerfile位于相同目录中，或者是一个URL
COPY 源文件/目录目标文件/目录	将本地主机上的文件/目录复制到目标地点，源文件/目录要与Dockerfile在相同的目录中
VOLUME [“目录”]	在容器中创建一个挂载点
USER 用户名/UID	指定运行容器时的用户
WORKDIR 路径	为后续的RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT指定工作目录
ONBUILD 命令	指定所生成的镜像作为一个基础镜像时所要运行的命令
HEALTHCHECK	健康检查

1.2：构建SSHD镜像

我们下载一个centos：7的镜像，进去发现无法使用sshd服务，我们需要手工添加
1、创建目录，编写Dockerfile文件

[root@docker ~]# mkdir /sshd
[root@docker ~]# cd /sshd
[root@docker sshd]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7	'指定基础镜像'
MAINTAINER CHEN   '描述信息'
RUN yum -y update	'更新容器yum源'
RUN yum -y install openssh* net-tools lsof telnet passwd	'部署环境工具'
RUN echo "123123" | passwd --stdin root	'设置root登录密码'
RUN sed -i 's/UsePAM yes/UsePAM no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config	'禁用ssh中的pam验证'
RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key	'创建非对称密钥，并指定文件路径'
RUN sed -i '/^session\s\+required\s\+pam_loginuid.so/ s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/sshd	'禁用pam的ssh的pam会话模块'
RUN mkdir -p /root/.ssh && chown root.root /root && chmod 700 /root/.ssh	'创建ssh工作目录和权限设置'
EXPOSE 22	'开放22端口'
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]   	'容器加载时启动sshd服务'

2、生成镜像，取名为sshd:new

[root@localhost sshd]# docker build -t sshd:new .
[root@localhost sshd]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
sshd                new                 7029ffb7629c        15 seconds ago      481MB
nginx               centos7             9946f31b2ac5        4 hours ago         480MB
centos              7                   7e6257c9f8d8        6 weeks ago         203MB

3、启动容器，并指定端口号为333

[root@localhost sshd]# docker run -d -p 333:22 sshd:new
1fc9de23d17d422c5a1ef61799e7e768b977c5aea00013413a9d46ce68baaa15
[root@localhost sshd]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                       PORTS                           NAMES
1fc9de23d17d        sshd:new            "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"      27 seconds ago       Up 26 seconds                0.0.0.0:333->22/tcp             upbeat_bartik

4、测试登陆

[root@localhost sshd]# ssh localhost -p 333
The authenticity of host '[localhost]:333 ([::1]:333)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:3sg3lp+Uuf5cZCSnEWDPS16LYjPoRp8huULLYMQ2p9I.
RSA key fingerprint is MD5:e6:ca:37:48:08:b4:b7:99:79:c4:25:79:55:10:ce:4a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:333' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@localhost's password: 
[root@1fc9de23d17d ~]# 
[root@1fc9de23d17d ~]# systemctl status sshd
Failed to get D-Bus connection: Operation not permitted    '发现无法使用systemctl命令，我们需要继续构建systemctl镜像'
[root@1fc9de23d17d ~]# exit
logout
Connection to localhost closed.
[root@localhost sshd]#

1.3：构建systemctl镜像

基于SSHD镜像继续构建

1、创建目录，编写Dockerfile文件

[root@docker sshd]# mkdir /systemctl
[root@docker sshd]# cd /systemctl
[root@docker systemctl]# vim Dockerfile
FROM sshd:test
MAINTAINER built image systemctl <tang>
ENV container docker	'设置环境变量，container和docker'
RUN yum install -y vim
RUN (cd /lib/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/; for i in *;do [ $i == \
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service ] || rm -f $i; done); \	'执行先到指定目录，进行for循环遍历目录下所有文件并删除指定的文件。之后进行一系列的删除'
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /etc/systemd/system/*.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/*udev*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/initctl*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/anaconda.target.wants/*;
VOLUME [ "/sys/fs/cgroup" ]	'创建一个挂在卷'
CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]	'init指执行初始化'

2、生成镜像

[root@localhost systemctl]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
systemctl           new                 3b610325c839        2 minutes ago       592MB
sshd                new                 7029ffb7629c        36 minutes ago      481MB
nginx               centos7             9946f31b2ac5        5 hours ago         480MB

3、创建容器

[root@docker systemctl]# docker run --privileged -it --name systemctl -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup:ro systemctl:test sbin/init &
    '--privateged 使container内的root拥有真正的root权限，不进行降权处理。否则，container内的用户只是外部的一个普通用户'

4、登陆检测

[root@localhost systemctl]# docker exec -it 66f098cd541c /bin/bash
[root@66f098cd541c /]# systemctl status sshd          '可以使用systemctl的命令了'
● sshd.service - OpenSSH server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:sshd(8)
           man:sshd_config(5)

1.4：构建nginx镜像

1、创建目录并编写Dockerfile文件

[root@docker ~]# mkdir /nginx
[root@docker ~]# cd /nginx/
[root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile
FROM systemctl:test
MAINTAINER build image nginx <tang>
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre* make cmake zlib-devel openssh* net-tools lsof telnet passwd vim
ADD nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.2
RUN (./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module)
RUN make && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin/:$PATH
#RUN ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ * /usr/local/sbin/
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf	'指关闭守护进程启动'
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"]
[root@docker nginx]# rz -E	'上传nginx源码包'
rz waiting to receive.
[root@docker nginx]# ls
Dockerfile  nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

2、生成镜像
生成镜像取名为nginx:centos7

3、启动容器，映射端口号为1314

06823a8a9623        nginx:centos7       "/run.sh"                18 hours ago        Exited (255) 8 minutes ago   443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:1314->80/tcp   nginx01

4、登录验证

docker file 创建文件夹 dockerfile制作systemctl_mysql

1.5：构建Tomcat镜像

1、创建目录并编写Dockerfile文件，上传相关文件

[root@docker tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz  Dockerfile  jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@docker tomcat]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is tomcat-centos
ADD jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local
WORKDIR /usr/local/
RUN mv jdk1.8.0_91 /usr/local/java
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java
ENV JAVA_BIN /usr/local/java/bin
ENV JRE_HOME /usr/local/java/jre
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/java/bin:/usr/local/java/jre/bin
ENV CLASSPATH /usr/lcoal/java/jre/bin:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/java/jre/lib/charsets.jar
ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz /usr/local
WORKDIR /usr/local
RUN mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 tomcat9
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/tomcat9/bin/catalina.sh","run"]

2、生成镜像

[root@docker tomcat]# docker build -t tomcat:new .

3、创建容器，指定端口号

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker run -d --name tomcat01 -p 1111:8080 tomcat:new
03eb2bbb5dff2064ae4873a478887e3eb9ac98ea598b190ddbaf49c14b018e6f

4、登录验证

docker file 创建文件夹 dockerfile制作systemctl_nginx_02

1.6：构建MySQL镜像

[root@docker mysql]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

1、创建目录并编写Dockerfile文件

[root@docker mysql]# vim Dockerfile 
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is mysql-centos
RUN  yum -y install ncurses bison cmake gcc ncurses-devel gcc-c++ make
RUN useradd mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
RUN make && make install
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
RUN rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
ADD my.cnf /etc/
RUN chown mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf
ENV PATH /usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
RUN /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
RUN cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /lib/systemd/system/
EXPOSE 3306
RUN echo -e "#!bin/sh  \nsystemctl enable mysqld" >/run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /run.sh
RUN sh /run.sh
CMD ["init"]

2、编写配置文件

[root@docker mysql]# vim my.cnf 
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

3、生成镜像

[root@docker mysql]# docker run -d -P --privileged mysqld:new
6860174a05539e34521ef0e30d2dd3ac557f6f5fe550fa27f02ecb731489003c
[root@docker mysql]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS                     NAMES
6860174a0553        mysqld:new          "/run.sh"           8 seconds ago       Up 8 seconds                0.0.0.0:32768->3306/tcp   cranky_herschel

4、进入镜像中mysql数据库，进行验证

[root@docker mysql]# docker exec -it 6860174a0553 /bin/bash
[root@6860174a0553 mysql-5.7.20]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database school;     '添加school数据库'
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| school             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5、其它节点安装mariadb进行测试

[root@docker ~]# yum install mariadb* -y
[root@docker ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

6、连接数据库

[root@docker ~]# mysql -h 192.168.100.129 -uroot -P 32768 -p
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

7、数据库数据同步

MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cllt               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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