android与网站接口 android跟web数据交互

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mob6454cc7203e2 2023-06-29 21:49:38

文章标签 android与网站接口 android java Text 文章分类 Android 移动开发

无论是用哪种方式使Android与web后台进行数据交互，都需要在eclipes中写一个完整的操作流程，在这里，我是写了一个登录。（没有从数据库进行判断，而是直接把用户名和密码定死了），下面就是我的后台web端。你可以根据你的不同需求在jsp界面用你所需要的提交方式来写

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<!-- <form action="login.do" method="get">
		用户名：<input type="text" name="uname"/><br>
		密码：<input type="password" name="upass"/><br>
		<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
	</form> -->
	
		<form action="login.do" method="post">
		用户名：<input type="text" name="uname"/><br>
		密码：<input type="password" name="upass"/><br>
		<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

LoginServlet:

package com.lxj.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Login extends HttpServlet{
//	@Override
//	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//		String uname=req.getParameter("uname");
//		String upass=req.getParameter("upass");
//		
//		String a=null;
//		if("admin".equals(uname) && "123".equals(upass)){
//			a="succes";
//			System.out.println(a);
//		}else{
//			a="fail";
//			System.out.println(a);
//		}
//		PrintWriter pw=resp.getWriter();
//		pw.write(a);
//		pw.close();
//	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String uname=req.getParameter("uname");
		String upass=req.getParameter("upass");
		
		String a=null;
		if("admin".equals(uname) && "123".equals(upass)){
			a="succes";
			System.out.println(a);
		}else{
			a="fail";
			System.out.println(a);
		}
		PrintWriter pw=resp.getWriter();
		pw.write(a);
		pw.close();
	}
}

最后，还要记得在web.xml里面配置跳转路径

<servlet>
      <servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>com.lxj.servlet.Login</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/login.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

第一：GET提交方式:

activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.android_getandpost.MainActivity">

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入用户名"
        android:id="@+id/uname"
        />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入密码"
        android:id="@+id/upass"
        />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="登陆(Get)"
        android:onClick="LoginGet"
        />

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity:

package com.example.android_getandpost;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText uname;
    private EditText upass;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //获取用户名的id
        uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);
        //获取密码的id
        upass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);
    }

    public void LoginGet(View view){
        //获取用户名的值
        String name=uname.getText().toString();
        //获取密码的值
        String pass=upass.getText().toString();
        //获取网络上的servlet路径
        String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";
        //调用getTask,把获取到的用户名，密码与路径放入方法中
        new getTask().execute(name,pass,path);
    }

    class getTask extends AsyncTask {

        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {
            //依次获取用户名，密码与路径
            String name = params[0].toString();
            String pass = params[1].toString();
            String path = params[2].toString();

            try {
                //获取网络上get方式提交的整个路径
                URL url = new URL(path + "?uname=" + name + "&upass=" + pass);
                //打开网络连接
                HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                //设置提交方式
                conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                //设置网络超时时间
                conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                //获取结果码
                int code = conn.getResponseCode();
                if (code == 200) {
                    //用io流与web后台进行数据交互
                    InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
                    //字节流转字符流
                    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
                    //读出每一行的数据
                    String s = br.readLine();
                    //返回读出的每一行的数据
                    return s;
                }
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
            super.onPostExecute(o);
            //获取Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
            String s= (String) o;
            //吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

}

第二：POST提交方式：

activity_main2.xml:

package com.example.android_getandpost;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText uname;
    private EditText upass;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //获取用户名的id
        uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);
        //获取密码的id
        upass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);
    }

    public void LoginGet(View view){
        //获取用户名的值
        String name=uname.getText().toString();
        //获取密码的值
        String pass=upass.getText().toString();
        //获取网络上的servlet路径
        String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";
        //调用getTask,把获取到的用户名，密码与路径放入方法中
        new getTask().execute(name,pass,path);
    }

    class getTask extends AsyncTask {

        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {
            //依次获取用户名，密码与路径
            String name = params[0].toString();
            String pass = params[1].toString();
            String path = params[2].toString();

            try {
                //获取网络上get方式提交的整个路径
                URL url = new URL(path + "?uname=" + name + "&upass=" + pass);
                //打开网络连接
                HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                //设置提交方式
                conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                //设置网络超时时间
                conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                //获取结果码
                int code = conn.getResponseCode();
                if (code == 200) {
                    //用io流与web后台进行数据交互
                    InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
                    //字节流转字符流
                    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
                    //读出每一行的数据
                    String s = br.readLine();
                    //返回读出的每一行的数据
                    return s;
                }
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
            super.onPostExecute(o);
            //获取Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
            String s= (String) o;
            //吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

}

Main2Activity:

package com.example.android_getandpost;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText upass;
    private EditText uname;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
        //获取用户名的id
        uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);
        //获取密码的id
        upass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);
    }

    public void LoginPost(View view){
        //获取用户名的值
        String name=uname.getText().toString();
        //获取密码的值
        String pass=upass.getText().toString();
        //获取网络上的servlet路径
        String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";
        //调用postTask,把获取到的用户名，密码与路径放入方法中
        new postTask().execute(name,pass,path);
    }

    class postTask extends AsyncTask{

        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {
            //依次获取用户名，密码与路径
            String name=params[0].toString();
            String pass=params[1].toString();
            String path=params[2].toString();
            try {
                //获取网络上get方式提交的整个路径
                URL url=new URL(path);
                //打开网络连接
               HttpURLConnection conn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                //设置提交方式
                conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
                //设置网络超时时间
                conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                //界面上所有的参数名加上他的值
                String s="uname="+name+"&upass"+pass;
                //获取请求头
                conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",s.length()+"");//键是固定的
                conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");//键和值是固定的
                //设置允许对外输出数据
                conn.setDoOutput(true);
                //把界面上的所有数据写出去
                OutputStream os=conn.getOutputStream();
                os.write(s.getBytes());
                if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
                    //用io流与web后台进行数据交互
                    InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();
                    //字节流转字符流
                    BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
                    //读出每一行的数据
                    String str=br.readLine();
                    //返回读出的每一行的数据
                    return str;
                }
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
            super.onPostExecute(o);
            //获取Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
            String s= (String) o;
            //吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
            Toast.makeText(Main2Activity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

第三：运用第三方（android-async-http-1.4.4.jar）：

首先，在项目中把jar包导入libs,然后右击选择add as library解压，再在build.gradle中的

compileSdkVersion 25
buildToolsVersion "25.0.2"上面加上这样一句代码：useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'，然后编译

以解决HttpClient导致不可以问题

activity_mian3.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.android_getandpost.Main3Activity">



    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入用户名"
        android:id="@+id/uname"
        />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入密码"
        android:id="@+id/upass"
        />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="登陆(AsyncHttpClient)"
        android:onClick="LoginAsyncHttpClient"
        />

</LinearLayout>

Main3Activity：

package com.example.android_getandpost;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
import com.loopj.android.http.RequestHandle;
import com.loopj.android.http.RequestParams;
import com.loopj.android.http.TextHttpResponseHandler;

import org.apache.http.Header;

public class Main3Activity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText upass;
    private EditText uname;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main3);
        //获取用户名的id
        uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);
        //获取密码的id
        upass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);
    }

    public void LoginAsyncHttpClient(View view){
        //获取用户名的值
        String name=uname.getText().toString();
        //获取密码的值
        String pass=upass.getText().toString();
        //获取网络上的servlet路径
        String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";
        //使用第三方
        AsyncHttpClient ahc=new AsyncHttpClient();
        //请求参数
        RequestParams params=new RequestParams();
        //给请求参数设键和值（键的名字和web后台保持一致）
        params.put("name",name);
        params.put("pass",pass);
        //设值提交方式
        ahc.post(this,path,params,new TextHttpResponseHandler(){
            @Override
            public void onFailure(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody, Throwable error) {
                super.onFailure(statusCode, headers, responseBody, error);
            }

            @Override
            public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody) {
                super.onSuccess(statusCode, headers, responseBody);
                //吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
                Toast.makeText(Main3Activity.this, responseBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
//            @Override
//            public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody) {
//                super.onSuccess(statusCode, headers, responseBody);
//                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, responseBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//            }
//        });
    }
}





我在运行的时候总是吐司不出东西，原因是因为我没有连局网

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