abs 绝对值
n = abs(-1)
print(n)
=========================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test1.py
1
Process finished with exit code 0abs 实例
all 所有为真，才为真
any 只要有真，就为真
n = all([1,2,3,4])
print(n)
n = all([0,2,3,4])
print(n)
n = any([[],1,"",None])
print(n)
n = any([[],0,"",None])
print(n)
============================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test1.py
True
False
True
False
Process finished with exit code 0all any 实例
bool 值(0,None,"",[]......)
print(bool())
===============================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test1.py
False
Process finished with exit code 0bool值，实例
ascii 自动执行对象 _repr_ 方式
class Foo:
def __repr__(self):
return "444"
n = ascii(Foo())
print(n)
========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test1.py
444
Process finished with exit code 0ascii 实例
bin() 将10进制转换成2进制
oct() 将10进制转换成8进制
hex() 将10进制转换成16进制
print(bin(5))
print(oct(9))
print(hex(15))
========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test1.py
0b101
0o11
0xf
Process finished with exit code 0bin oct hex 实例
callable 查看函数是否可以被调用
def f1():
pass
f2 = 123
print(callable(f1))
print(callable(f2))
=====================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test1.py
0b101
0o11
0xf
Process finished with exit code 0callable 实例
chr 将数字转换成字母
ord 将字母转换成数字
r = chr(65)
print(r)
n = ord('A')
print(n)
======================================
r = chr(65)
print(r)
n = ord('A')
print(n)chr ord 实例
引入random 模块，制作随机验证码(字母随机验证码)，每次切换都有不同的效果
import random
li = []
for i in range(6):
temp = random.randrange(65,91)
c = chr(temp)
li.append(c)
#li = ["c","b","a"]#cba
result = "".join(li)
print(result)
==========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
MFRAID
Process finished with exit code 0随机验证码 1(字母)
import random
li = []
for i in range(6):
if i == 2 or i == 4:
num = random.randrange(0,10)
li.append(str(num))
else:
temp = random.randrange(65,91)
c = chr(temp)
li.append(c)
result = ''.join(li)
print(result)
=========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
YY7X4V
Process finished with exit code 0随机验证码 2(有序插入数字)
import random
li = []
for i in range(6):
r = random.randrange(0,5)
if r == 2 or r == 4:
num = random.randrange(0,10)
li.append(str(num))
else:
temp = random.randrange(65,91)
c = chr(temp)
li.append(c)
result = ''.join(li)
print(result)
==============================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
VF95VR
Process finished with exit code 0随机验证码 3(所有字母及数字都无序)
compile() 将字符串编译成python代码
eval（) 执行表达式，并返回值
exec() 执行python代码，接受代码或者是字符串(没有返回值)
s = 'print(123)'
#编译 single,eval,exec
r = compile(s,"<string>","exec")
#执行python代码
exec(r)
=============================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
123
Process finished with exit code 0compile exec 配合使用
s = '8*8'
ret = eval（s)
print(ret)
=================================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
64
Process finished with exit code 0eval 使用
dir 快速获取一个对象提供了什么功能
help 同dir功能一样，区别在于help可以列出使用详情
print(dir(list))
========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__iadd__', '__imul__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__reversed__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'append', 'clear', 'copy', 'count', 'extend', 'index', 'insert', 'pop', 'remove', 'reverse', 'sort']
Process finished with exit code 0dir 实例
help(list)
=================================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
Help on class list in module builtins:
class list(object)
| list() -> new empty list
| list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| __add__(self, value, /)
| Return self+value.
|
| __contains__(self, key, /)
| Return key in self.
|
| __delitem__(self, key, /)
| Delete self[key].
|
| __eq__(self, value, /)
| Return self==value.
|
| __ge__(self, value, /)
| Return self>=value.
|
| __getattribute__(self, name, /)
| Return getattr(self, name).
|
| __getitem__(...)
| x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y]
|
| __gt__(self, value, /)
| Return self>value.
|
| __iadd__(self, value, /)
| Implement self+=value.
|
| __imul__(self, value, /)
| Implement self*=value.
|
| __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs)
| Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
|
| __iter__(self, /)
| Implement iter(self).
|
| __le__(self, value, /)
| Return self<=value.
|
| __len__(self, /)
| Return len(self).
|
| __lt__(self, value, /)
| Return self<value.
|
| __mul__(self, value, /)
| Return self*value.n
|
| __ne__(self, value, /)
| Return self!=value.
|
| __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
| Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature.
|
| __repr__(self, /)
| Return repr(self).
|
| __reversed__(...)
| L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list
|
| __rmul__(self, value, /)
| Return self*value.
|
| __setitem__(self, key, value, /)
| Set self[key] to value.
|
| __sizeof__(...)
| L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes
|
| append(...)
| L.append(object) -> None -- append object to end
|
| clear(...)
| L.clear() -> None -- remove all items from L
|
| copy(...)
| L.copy() -> list -- a shallow copy of L
|
| count(...)
| L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value
|
| extend(...)
| L.extend(iterable) -> None -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable
|
| index(...)
| L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
| Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
|
| insert(...)
| L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index
|
| pop(...)
| L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last).
| Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.
|
| remove(...)
| L.remove(value) -> None -- remove first occurrence of value.
| Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
|
| reverse(...)
| L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE*
|
| sort(...)
| L.sort(key=None, reverse=False) -> None -- stable sort *IN PLACE*
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data and other attributes defined here:
|
| __hash__ = None
Process finished with exit code 0help 实例
divmod 自动求出商 余数
r = divmod(97,10)
print(r)
n1,n2 = divmod(97,10)
=============================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
(9, 7)
Process finished with exit code 0divmod 实例
isinstance 判断对象是否是类的实例
s = 'liangml'
r = isinstance(s,str)
print(r)
========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
True
<class 'str'> {"k1":"v1"}
<class 'dict'> {'k1': 'v1'}
Process finished with exit code 0isinstance 实例
filter map(函数可迭代对象)
两者区别
filter：函数返回True，将元素添加到结果中
map:将函数返回值添加到结果中
filter 函数讲解
def f1(args):
result = []
for item in args:
if item > 22:
result.append(item)
return result
li = [11,22,33,44,55]
ret = f1(li)
print(ret)
===============================================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
[33, 44, 55]
Process finished with exit code 0
+++++++++++通过lambda表达式也可以实现相同的功能(自动return)+++++++++
f1 = lambda a: a >30
ret =f1(90)
print(ret)
li = [11,22,33,44,55]
result = filter(lambda a: a > 33,li)
print(list(result))
=========================运行结果===========================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
True
[44, 55]
Process finished with exit code 0
filter 函数运行原理
def f2(a):
if a>22:
return True
li = [11,22,33,44,55]
#result = []
#for item in 第二个参数(参数)
# r = 第一个参数(item)
# if r:
# result(item)
#return result
#fileter,循环第二个参数，让每个循环元素执行函数，如果函数返回值Ture，表示元素合法
ret = filter(f2,li)
print(list(ret))
map 函数讲解(函数可以使用for循环)
===================for循环实例==========================
li = [11,22,33,44,55]
def f1(args):
result = []
for i in args:
result.append(100+i)
return result
r = f1(li)
print(r)
====================运行结果=============================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
[111, 122, 133, 144, 155]
Process finished with exit code 0
====================设定函数运行===========================
def f2(a):
return a + 100
result = map(f2,li)
print(list(result))
++++++++++++++++++++运行结果+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
[111, 122, 133, 144, 155]
Process finished with exit code 0
===================也可以使用lambda表达式来实现==============
result = map(lambda a: a+200,li)
print(list(result))
++++++++++++++++++++运行结果+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
[211, 222, 233, 244, 255]
Process finished with exit code 0filter map 实例
float 把一个数转换成浮点型
frozenset 集合set set基础上不可变的集合
globals 所有的全局变量/locals 所有的局部变量
NAME = "liangml"
def show():
a = 123
print(locals())
print(globals())
show()globals locals 实例
hash 将某一个类型的数据转换成hash值
s = 'hhh123123123'
print(hash(s))
=============运行结果=====================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
105733462617069300
Process finished with exit code 0hash 实例
len 查看某个字符串的长度
s = '梁孟麟'
b = bytes(s,encoding='utf-8')
print(len(s))
print(len(b))
========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
3
9
Process finished with exit code 0len 实例
max() 求最大值/min() 求最小值/num() 求和/pow 求次方
q = max(2,10)
w = min(2,10)
e = sum([],10)
r = pow(2,10)
print(q)
print(w)
print(e)
print(r)
========================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
10
2
10
1024
Process finished with exit code 0max/min/sum/pow 实例
round 四舍五入
r = round(1,4)
print(r)
============================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
1
Process finished with exit code 0round 实例
slice() 切片功能
s = 'ssssssssssss'
print(s[0:2])
================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
ss
Process finished with exit code 0slice 实例
sorted 排序
li = [11,2,1,1]
r1 = li.sort()
r2 = sorted(li)
print(r1)
print(r2)
===============================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
None
[1, 1, 2, 11]
Process finished with exit code 0sorted 实例
zip 压缩分类元素
l1 = ['liangml',11,22,33]
l2 = ['is',11,22,33]
l3 = ['nb',11,22,33]
r = zip(l1,l2,l3)
print(list(r))
============================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
[('liangml', 'is', 'nb'), (11, 11, 11), (22, 22, 22), (33, 33, 33)]
Process finished with exit code 0json将字符串转换成Python的基本数据类型,{},[],注意：字符串形式的字典{"k1":"v1"}内部的字符串必须是双引号s = "[11,22,33,44,55]"
s = '{"k1":"v1"}'
print(type(s),s)
import json
n = json.loads(s)
print(type(n),n)
=============================================
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/liangml/pythonscript/test.py
<class 'str'> {"k1":"v1"}
<class 'dict'> {'k1': 'v1'}
Process finished with exit code 0json 实例
本文章为转载内容，我们尊重原作者对文章享有的著作权。如有内容错误或侵权问题，欢迎原作者联系我们进行内容更正或删除文章。
