python实现用户登录(验证码)
需求思路
用python编写
能实现登录 注册功能,其中包括用户名密码
实现验证码:
要求每一位验证码都有三种可能(大写字母,小写字母,数字)】
最后能退出
代码块
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.messagebox
import pickle
import random
from PIL import ImageTk
def verifycode():
# 验证码
code_list = ''
# 每一位验证码都有三种可能(大写字母,小写字母,数字)
for i in range(6): # 控制验证码生成的位数
state = random.randint(1, 3)
if state == 1:
first_kind = random.randint(65, 90) # 大写字母
random_uppercase = chr(first_kind)
code_list = code_list + random_uppercase
elif state == 2:
second_kinds = random.randint(97, 122) # 小写字母
random_lowercase = chr(second_kinds)
code_list = code_list + random_lowercase
elif state == 3:
third_kinds = random.randint(0, 9)
code_list = code_list + str(third_kinds)
return code_list
# 验证码值
verification_Code = verifycode()
# 窗口
window = tk.Tk()
window.title('图书管理系统')
window.geometry('450x300')
# 设置登录窗口大小不可拉伸
window.resizable(width=False, height=False)
# 画布放置图片
canvas = tk.Canvas(window, height=300, width=500)
# imagefile = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=r'.\背景图片.png')
imagefile = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=r'.\背景.png')
image = canvas.create_image(0, 0, anchor='nw', image=imagefile)
canvas.pack(side='top')
# 标签 用户名密码
tk.Label(window, text='用户名:').place(x=100, y=110)
tk.Label(window, text='密 码:').place(x=100, y=150)
tk.Label(window, text='验证码:').place(x=100, y=190)
tk.Label(window, text=verification_Code).place(x=310, y=190)
# 用户名输入框
var_usr_name = tk.StringVar()
entry_usr_name = tk.Entry(window, textvariable=var_usr_name)
entry_usr_name.place(x=160, y=110)
# 密码输入框
var_usr_pwd = tk.StringVar()
entry_usr_pwd = tk.Entry(window, textvariable=var_usr_pwd, show='*')
entry_usr_pwd.place(x=160, y=150)
# 验证码输入框
var_usr_vercode = tk.StringVar()
var_usr_vercode = tk.Entry(window, textvariable=var_usr_vercode)
var_usr_vercode.place(x=160, y=190)
print(verification_Code)
# 登录函数
def usr_log_in():
# 输入框获取用户名密码
# 用户名
usr_name = var_usr_name.get()
# 密码
usr_pwd = var_usr_pwd.get()
# 验证码
var_vercode = var_usr_vercode.get()
# 从本地字典获取用户信息,如果没有则新建本地数据库
try:
with open('usr_info.pickle', 'rb') as usr_file:
usrs_info = pickle.load(usr_file)
except FileNotFoundError:
with open('usr_info.pickle', 'wb') as usr_file:
usrs_info = {'admin': 'admin'}
pickle.dump(usrs_info, usr_file)
# 判断用户名和密码是否匹配
if usr_name in usrs_info:
if usr_pwd == usrs_info[usr_name]:
if var_vercode == verification_Code:
tk.messagebox.showinfo(title='welcome',
message='欢迎您:' + usr_name)
else:
tk.messagebox.showerror(message='验证码错误')
else:
tk.messagebox.showerror(message='密码错误')
# 用户名密码不能为空
elif usr_name == '' or usr_pwd == '':
tk.messagebox.showerror(message='用户名或密码为空')
# 不在数据库中弹出是否注册的框
else:
is_signup = tk.messagebox.askyesno('欢迎', '您还没有注册,是否现在注册')
if is_signup:
usr_sign_up()
# 注册函数
def usr_sign_up():
# 确认注册时的相应函数
def signtowcg():
# 获取输入框内的内容
nn = new_name.get()
np = new_pwd.get()
npf = new_pwd_confirm.get()
# 本地加载已有用户信息,如果没有则已有用户信息为空
try:
with open('usr_info.pickle', 'rb') as usr_file:
exist_usr_info = pickle.load(usr_file)
except FileNotFoundError:
exist_usr_info = {}
# 检查用户名存在、密码为空、密码前后不一致
if nn in exist_usr_info:
tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '用户名已存在')
elif np == '' or nn == '':
tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '用户名或密码为空')
elif np != npf:
tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '密码前后不一致')
# 注册信息没有问题则将用户名密码写入数据库
else:
exist_usr_info[nn] = np
with open('usr_info.pickle', 'wb') as usr_file:
pickle.dump(exist_usr_info, usr_file)
tk.messagebox.showinfo('欢迎', '注册成功')
# 注册成功关闭注册框
window_sign_up.destroy()
# 新建注册界面
window_sign_up = tk.Toplevel(window)
window_sign_up.geometry('350x200')
window_sign_up.title('注册')
# 画布放置图片
#canvas1 = tk.Canvas(window_sign_up)
#imagefile1 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file='.\背景.png')
# imagefile = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=r'.\背景图片.png')
#image = canvas1.create_image(0, 0, anchor='nw', image=imagefile1)
# canvas1.pack(side='top')
# 用户名变量及标签、输入框
new_name = tk.StringVar()
tk.Label(window_sign_up, text='用户名:').place(x=10, y=10)
tk.Entry(window_sign_up, textvariable=new_name).place(x=150, y=10)
# 密码变量及标签、输入框
new_pwd = tk.StringVar()
tk.Label(window_sign_up, text='请输入密码:').place(x=10, y=50)
tk.Entry(window_sign_up, textvariable=new_pwd, show='*').place(x=150, y=50)
# 重复密码变量及标签、输入框
new_pwd_confirm = tk.StringVar()
tk.Label(window_sign_up, text='请再次输入密码:').place(x=10, y=90)
tk.Entry(window_sign_up, textvariable=new_pwd_confirm, show='*').place(x=150, y=90)
# 确认注册按钮及位置
bt_confirm_sign_up = tk.Button(window_sign_up, text='确认注册',
command=signtowcg)
bt_confirm_sign_up.place(x=150, y=130)
# 退出的函数
def usr_sign_quit():
window.destroy()
# 登录 注册按钮
bt_login = tk.Button(window, text='登录', command=usr_log_in)
bt_login.place(x=140, y=230)
bt_logup = tk.Button(window, text='注册', command=usr_sign_up)
bt_logup.place(x=210, y=230)
bt_logquit = tk.Button(window, text='退出', command=usr_sign_quit)
bt_logquit.place(x=280, y=230)
# 主循环
window.mainloop()