springboot post请求 formdata springboot post请求获取ip地址

一：需求简介.

     1.1项目中天添加IP归属地查询功能,前后端分离.后端返回给前端json字符串.

     1.2使用阿里云免费的IP归属地查询接口.官网一下不太好找.下面图解演示一下,尽量节省时间吧.

免费购买的.不限流免费还好用.

以上我们知道了这个接口的主要信息如下：上面那个API测试工具多试试看.

① 不限流免费的.②基于Https+GET的方式调用.③返回的是JSON数据.

二：实战演练调用.

 2.1 环境准备.  

     SpringBoot 1.5.10.RELEASE.Maven依赖如下.阿里云提供的Demo调用中的Maven依赖比较旧了,SpringBoot框架使用出来点问题,我这些版本测试是可行的.HttpClient的版本差异有点大,注意下面的版本信息.

<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
        <!-- 开发热部署-->
        <dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
		<optional>true</optional>
	</dependency> 
        <!-- fastJson-->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
		<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
		<version>1.2.47</version>
	</dependency> 
        <!-- HttpClient-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
            <version>4.4.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.18</version>
        </dependency>

2.2 SpringBoot调用网络资源服务可选HttpClient，以及框架自带的RestTemplate调用Http非常方便，但是要调用远程的Https接口就要封装一下SSL了.

  根据这个接口的返回Json值,我们先建立JavaBean来接收一下吧.AIP接口调用成功与否都返回的是统一格式的JSON信息.

 

  使用这个在线的JSON数据转换为JavaBean，快捷方便.链接

例如将下面这段JSON数据转换为JavaBean实体类.

IpMessage

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;

/**
 * author: 
 * date: 
 * time: 13:32
 * description:第三方接口返回的IP地址信息
 */
@Setter
@Getter
@NoArgsConstructor
public class IpMessage {
    /**
     * 响应状态码
     */
    private int ret;
    /**
     * 返回信息
     */
    private String msg;
    /**
     * 赶回实体信息
     */
    private DataMessage data;
    /**
     * 注意命名规范
     */
    @JsonProperty("log_id")
    /** 返回请求ID编号*/
    private String logId;
}

DataMessage

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;
/**
 * author: 
 * date: 
 * time: 
 * description:第三方ip的返回实体信息
 */
@Setter
@Getter
@NoArgsConstructor
public class DataMessage {
    /** 地区*/
    private String area;
    /** 国家*/
    private String country;
    /** 国家编号*/
    @JsonProperty("country_id")
    private String countryId;
    /** 省份编号*/
    @JsonProperty("region_id")
    private String regionId;
    /** 省份*/
    private String region;
    /** 城市*/
    private String city;
    /** 城市编号*/
    @JsonProperty("city_id")
    private String cityId;
    /** Long类型的IP*/
    @JsonProperty("long_ip")
    private String longIp;
    /** IP地址*/
    private String ip;
    /** 运营商*/
    private String isp;

}

 2.3 配置接口调用信息.

 将接口调用信息编写为一个自定义的配置文件.提高扩展性和解决硬编码问题.

thirdip.properties

#用来配置调用第三方ip接口的调用信息
#配置Host
dockerboot.ip.host=https://api01.aliyun.venuscn.com
#配置ip路径
dockerboot.ip.path=/ip
#配置AppCode
dockerboot.ip.appcode=你的appCode
#配置请求方法
dockerboot.ip.method=get

属性注入Spring容器.

ThirdProperties

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * author: 
 * date: 
 * time: 13:52
 * description: 配置第三方ip接口信息
 */
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "dockerboot.ip")
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:thirdip.properties")
@Setter
@Getter
public class ThirdIpPrpperties {
    private String host;
    private String path;
    private String appcode;
    private String method;
}

2.4 封装HttpClient调用Https接口.

        HttpClientUtils.

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
/**
 * author: 
 * date: 
 * time: 
 * description: HttpClient调用Https接口封装.
 */
@Component
public class HttpClientUtils {
    public static HttpResponse doGet(String host, String path, String method,
                                     Map<String, String> headers,
                                     Map<String, String> querys)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpGet request = new HttpGet(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * post form
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param method
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param bodys
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path, String method,
                                      Map<String, String> headers,
                                      Map<String, String> querys,
                                      Map<String, String> bodys)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (bodys != null) {
            List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

            for (String key : bodys.keySet()) {
                nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, bodys.get(key)));
            }
            UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "utf-8");
            formEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
            request.setEntity(formEntity);
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Post String
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param method
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path, String method,
                                      Map<String, String> headers,
                                      Map<String, String> querys,
                                      String body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
            request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Post stream
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param method
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path, String method,
                                      Map<String, String> headers,
                                      Map<String, String> querys,
                                      byte[] body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (body != null) {
            request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Put String
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param method
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path, String method,
                                     Map<String, String> headers,
                                     Map<String, String> querys,
                                     String body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
            request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Put stream
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param method
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path, String method,
                                     Map<String, String> headers,
                                     Map<String, String> querys,
                                     byte[] body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (body != null) {
            request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Delete
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param method
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doDelete(String host, String path, String method,
                                        Map<String, String> headers,
                                        Map<String, String> querys)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpDelete request = new HttpDelete(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    private static String buildUrl(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        StringBuilder sbUrl = new StringBuilder();
        sbUrl.append(host);
        if (!StringUtils.isBlank(path)) {
            sbUrl.append(path);
        }
        if (null != querys) {
            StringBuilder sbQuery = new StringBuilder();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> query : querys.entrySet()) {
                if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
                    sbQuery.append("&");
                }
                if (StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey()) && !StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
                    sbQuery.append(query.getValue());
                }
                if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey())) {
                    sbQuery.append(query.getKey());
                    if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
                        sbQuery.append("=");
                        sbQuery.append(URLEncoder.encode(query.getValue(), "utf-8"));
                    }
                }
            }
            if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
                sbUrl.append("?").append(sbQuery);
            }
        }

        return sbUrl.toString();
    }

    private static HttpClient wrapClient(String host) {
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        if (host.startsWith("https://")) {
            sslClient(httpClient);
        }

        return httpClient;
    }

    private static void sslClient(HttpClient httpClient) {
        try {
            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }

                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {

                }

                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {

                }
            };
            ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
            SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
            ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
            ClientConnectionManager ccm = httpClient.getConnectionManager();
            SchemeRegistry registry = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
            registry.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
        } catch (KeyManagementException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }
    }
}

IpServiceImpl封装

import com.lixing.docker.dockerboot.util.HttpClientUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * author: 
 * date: 
 * time: 
 * description:Service封装处理IP归属地查询
 */
@Service
public class IpServiceImpl {
    public String doGet(String host, String path, String method,
                              Map<String, String> headers,
                              Map<String, String> querys) throws Exception {
        HttpResponse response=null;
        HttpEntity entity=null;
        String respContent=null;
            response = HttpClientUtils.doGet(host, path, method, headers, querys);
            entity=response.getEntity();
            respContent= EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
        return respContent;
    }
}

 IpSearchController

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.lixing.docker.dockerboot.config.ThirdIpPrpperties;
import com.lixing.docker.dockerboot.entity.IpMessage;
import com.lixing.docker.dockerboot.service.impl.IpServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * author: 
 * date: 
 * time: 
 * description:IP归属地查询控制器
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/ip")
public class IPSearchController {
    @Autowired
    private ThirdIpPrpperties thirdIpPrpperties;
    @Autowired
    private IpServiceImpl ipServiceImpl;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/search")
    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    public IpMessage search(@RequestParam("ip") String ip) throws Exception {
        String host = thirdIpPrpperties.getHost();
        String path = thirdIpPrpperties.getPath();
        String appCode = thirdIpPrpperties.getAppcode();
        String method = thirdIpPrpperties.getMethod();
        Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap();
        headers.put("Authorization", "APPCODE " + appCode);
        Map<String, String> querys = new HashMap();
        querys.put("ip", ip);
        IpMessage message=new IpMessage();
        // 返回字符串
        String respContent = ipServiceImpl.doGet(host, path, method, headers, querys);
        // JSON串解析为JavaBean
        IpMessage ipMessage=JSON.parseObject(respContent, IpMessage.class);
        message.setMsg(ipMessage.getMsg());
        message.setData(ipMessage.getData());
        message.setLogId(ipMessage.getLogId());
        message.setRet(ipMessage.getRet());
        System.out.println("返回的信息:"+ipMessage.getMsg());
        System.out.println("返回的LogId:"+ipMessage.getLogId());
        System.out.println("获取IP城市:"+(ipMessage.getData()==null?null:ipMessage.getData().getCity()));
        return message;
    }
}

 做了全局异常处理器,在Controller层只是抛出异常即可.这个开发的接口返回的结果根据查询的ip返回内容即可.不要在Controller层try catch了,太多重复代码了,不利于统一管理了维护,加入全局异常处理,可返回人性化的页面以及描述具体的json数据.

成功了返回成功的信息,失败了也是返回统一格式的失败信息.

下面来测试一下吧:

测试一：空的IP地址.

测试二：内网IP地址.

测试三：错误格式的IP地址.

测试四：正确的IP地址.

JSON解析的结果打印如下.

至此完成了SpringBoot调用远程Https接口的过程.

简单总结：第三方API接口的调用方式,返回数据,调用方式授权(添加请求头授权信息),JavaBean接收数据,统一格式的json数据返回,异常的处理,传递参数的方式,HttpClient的版本注意问题.SpringBoot的常用注解熟练使用.