首先说下需求:通过ftp上传约定格式的文件到服务器指定目录下,应用程序能实时监控该目录下文件变化,如果上传的文件格式符合要求,将将按照每一行读取解析再写入到数据库,解析完之后再将文件改名。
一. 一开始的思路
设置一个定时任务,每隔一分钟读取下指定目录下的文件变化,如果有满足格式的文件,就进行解析。
这种方式很繁琐,而且效率低,效率都消耗在了遍历、保存状态、对比状态上了! 而且无法利用OS的很多功能。
二. WatchService介绍
1、 该类的对象就是操作系统原生的文件系统监控器!我们都知道OS自己的文件系统监控器可以监控系统上所有文件的变化,这种监控是无需遍历、无需比较的,是一种基于信号收发的监控,因此效率一定是最高的;现在Java对其进行了包装,可以直接在Java程序 中使用OS的文件系统监控器了;
2、 获取当前OS平台下的文件系统监控器:
i. WatchService watcher = FileSystems.getDefault().newWatchService();
ii. 从FileSystems这个类名就可以看出这肯定是属于OS平台文件系统的,接下来可以看出这一连串方法直接可以得到一个文件监控器;
这里暂时不用深入理解这串方法的具体含义,先知道怎么用就行了;
3、 我们都知道,操作系统上可以同时开启多个监控器,因此在Java程序中也不例外,上面的代码只是获得了一个监控器,你还可以用同样的代码同时获得多个监控器;
4、 监控器其实就是一个后台线程,在后台监控文件变化所发出的信号,这里通过上述代码获得的监控器还只是一个刚刚初始化的线程,连就绪状态都没有进入,只是初始化而已;
三、实现过程
其实就是在初始化的时候创建一个线程,然后用watchService实时监控该目录下文件变化,如果有满足条件文件加进来,就按照约定的格式解析文件再写入数据库,详细步骤如下!
1、web.xml监听器配置文件监控监听器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:root-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:servlet-context.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置监控文件变化监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>com.zealer.ad.listener.ThreadStartUpListenser</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.zealer.ad.listener.SessionLifecycleListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<jsp-config>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/tag</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tag/tag.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
</jsp-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>45</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
2、编写一个ThreadStartUpListenser类,实现ServletContextListener,tomcat启动时创建后台线程
ThreadStartUpListenser.java
package com.zealer.ad.listener;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.zealer.ad.task.WatchFilePathTask;
@Component
public class ThreadStartUpListenser implements ServletContextListener
{
private static WatchFilePathTask r = new WatchFilePathTask();
private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ThreadStartUpListenser.class);
/*
* tomcat启动的时候创建一个线程
* */
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent paramServletContextEvent)
{
r.start();
log.info("ImportUserFromFileTask is started!");
}
/*
* tomcat关闭的时候销毁这个线程
* */
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent paramServletContextEvent)
{
r.interrupt();
}
}
3、创建指定目录文件变化监控类
WatchFilePathTask.java
package com.zealer.ad.task;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.StandardWatchEventKinds;
import java.nio.file.WatchEvent;
import java.nio.file.WatchKey;
import java.nio.file.WatchService;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import com.zealer.ad.util.ConfigUtils;
import com.zealer.ad.util.SpringUtils;
/**
* 指定目录文件变化监控类
* @author cancer
*
*/
public class WatchFilePathTask extends Thread
{
private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(WatchFilePathTask.class);
private static final String filePath = ConfigUtils.getInstance().getValue("userfile_path");
private WatchService watchService;
@Override
public void run()
{
try
{
//获取监控服务
watchService = FileSystems.getDefault().newWatchService();
log.debug("获取监控服务"+watchService);
Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);
log.debug("@@@:Path:"+path);
final String todayFormat = DateTime.now().toString("yyyyMMdd");
File existFiles = new File(filePath);
//启动时检查是否有未解析的符合要求的文件
if(existFiles.isDirectory())
{
File[] matchFile = existFiles.listFiles(new FileFilter()
{
@Override
public boolean accept(File pathname)
{
if((todayFormat+".txt").equals(pathname.getName()))
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
});
if(null != matchFile)
{
for (File file : matchFile)
{
//找到符合要求的文件,开始解析
ImportUserFromFileTask task = (ImportUserFromFileTask) SpringUtils.getApplicationContext().getBean("importUserFromFileTask");
task.setFileName(file.getAbsolutePath());
task.start();
}
}
}
//注册监控服务,监控新增事件
WatchKey key = path.register(watchService, StandardWatchEventKinds.ENTRY_CREATE);
while (true) {
key = watchService.take();
for (WatchEvent<?> event : key.pollEvents()) {
//获取目录下新增的文件名
String fileName = event.context().toString();
//检查文件名是否符合要求
if((todayFormat+".txt").equals(fileName))
{
String filePath = path.toFile().getAbsolutePath()+File.separator+fileName;
log.info("import filePath:"+filePath);
//启动线程导入用户数据
ImportUserFromFileTask task = (ImportUserFromFileTask) SpringUtils.getApplicationContext().getBean("importUserFromFileTask");//new ImportUserFromFileTask(filePath);
task.setFileName(filePath);
task.start();
log.debug("启动线程导入用户数据"+task);
}
}
key.reset();
}
} catch (IOException e)
{
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
} catch (InterruptedException e)
{
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}
}
}
4、创建解析用户文件及导入数据库线程,由WatchFilePathTask启动
package com.zealer.ad.task;
import com.zealer.ad.entity.AutoPutUser;
import com.zealer.ad.entity.Bmsuser;
import com.zealer.ad.service.AutoPutUserService;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* 解析用户文件及入库线程,由WatchFilePathTask启动
* @author cancer
*
*/
public class ImportUserFromFileTask extends Thread {
private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ImportUserFromFileTask.class);
private String fileName;
@Resource(name = "autoPutUserService")
private AutoPutUserService autoPutUserService;
@Override
public void run() {
File file = new File(fileName);
if (file.exists() && file.isFile()) {
log.debug(":@@@准备开始休眠10秒钟:" + file);
//休眠十分钟,防止文件过大还没完全拷贝到指定目录下,这里的线程就开始读取文件
try {
sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
InputStreamReader read;
try {
read = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), "UTF-8");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(read);
String lineTxt = null;
int count = 0;
Boolean f = false;
while ((lineTxt = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
if ((null == lineTxt) || "".equals(lineTxt)) {
continue;
}
if (lineTxt.startsWith("'")) {
lineTxt = lineTxt.substring(1, lineTxt.length());
}
//解析分隔符为', '
String[] lines = lineTxt.split("', '");
int length = lines.length;
if (length < 2) {
continue;
}
Bmsuser bmsuser = new Bmsuser();
bmsuser.setName(lines[0]);if (!"".equals(lines[1])) {
bmsuser.setCity(lines[1]);
}
//根据唯一索引已经存在的数据则不插入
f = autoPutUserService.insertIgnore(bmsuser);
if (f) {
count++;
}
}
//汇总数据
AutoPutUser autoPutUser = new AutoPutUser();
autoPutUser.setTotalCount(autoPutUserService.getUserCount());
autoPutUser.setCount(count);
autoPutUser.setCountDate(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));
String today = DateTime.now().toString("yyyy-MM-dd");
Integer oldCount = autoPutUserService.getOldCount(today);
//如果今天导入过了就更新否则插入
if (!oldCount.equals(0)) {
autoPutUserService.updateUserData(autoPutUser, today,
oldCount);
} else {
autoPutUserService.gatherUserData(autoPutUser);
}
//注意:要关闭流
read.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
File newFile = new File(file.getPath() +
System.currentTimeMillis() + ".complate");
file.renameTo(newFile);
} else {
log.error(fileName + " file is not exists");
}
}
public String getFileName() {
return fileName;
}
public void setFileName(String fileName) {
this.fileName = fileName;
}
public AutoPutUserService getAutoPutUserService() {
return autoPutUserService;
}
public void setAutoPutUserService(AutoPutUserService autoPutUserService) {
this.autoPutUserService = autoPutUserService;
}
}
附带:
1、sql脚本
CREATE TABLE `bmsuser` (
`id` int(255) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL ,
`city` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ,
PRIMARY KEY (`bmsid`),
UNIQUE KEY `bbLoginName` (`bbLoginName`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2、文件格式,命名为yyyyMMdd.txt
'张三', '深圳'