Spring Boot 整合 Spring Security ，配置验证码。
1 创建工程
创建 Spring Boot 项目 spring-boot-springsecurity-verifycode ，添加 Web/Spring Security 依赖，如下：
最终的依赖如下：
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>2 准备验证码和接口
新增 VerifyCode 验证码生成工具类，如下：
// 生成验证码的工具类
public class VerifyCode {
private int width = 100;// 生成验证码图片的宽度
private int height = 50;// 生成验证码图片的高度
private String[] fontNames = {"宋体", "楷体", "隶书", "微软雅黑"};
private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);// 定义验证码图片的背景颜色为白色
private Random random = new Random();
private String codes = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
private String text;// 记录随机字符串
/**
* 获取一个随意颜色
*
* @return
*/
private Color randomColor() {
int red = random.nextInt(150);
int green = random.nextInt(150);
int blue = random.nextInt(150);
return new Color(red, green, blue);
}
/**
* 获取一个随机字体
*
* @return
*/
private Font randomFont() {
String name = fontNames[random.nextInt(fontNames.length)];
int style = random.nextInt(4);
int size = random.nextInt(5) + 24;
return new Font(name, style, size);
}
/**
* 获取一个随机字符
*
* @return
*/
private char randomChar() {
return codes.charAt(random.nextInt(codes.length()));
}
/**
* 创建一个空白的BufferedImage对象
*
* @return
*/
private BufferedImage createImage() {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
g2.setColor(bgColor);// 设置验证码图片的背景颜色
g2.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
return image;
}
public BufferedImage getImage() {
BufferedImage image = createImage();
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
String s = randomChar() + "";
sb.append(s);
g2.setColor(randomColor());
g2.setFont(randomFont());
float x = i * width * 1.0f / 4;
g2.drawString(s, x, height - 15);
}
this.text = sb.toString();
drawLine(image);
return image;
}
/**
* 绘制干扰线
*
* @param image
*/
private void drawLine(BufferedImage image) {
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
int num = 5;
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
int x1 = random.nextInt(width);
int y1 = random.nextInt(height);
int x2 = random.nextInt(width);
int y2 = random.nextInt(height);
g2.setColor(randomColor());
g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5f));
g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
}
}
public String getText() {
return text;
}
public static void output(BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
}
}新增 VerifyCodeController ，提供验证码的获取接口，如下：
@RestController
public class VerifyCodeController {
@GetMapping("/vercode")
public void code(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Model model) throws IOException {
VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();
String text = vc.getText();
model.addAttribute("text", text);
System.out.println("text = " + text);
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
session.setAttribute("s_vercode", text);
VerifyCode.output(image, resp.getOutputStream());
}
}在 resources/static 下新增 vercode.html 展示验证码，如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>测试验证码</title>
</head>
<body>
<img src="/vercode" alt="">
</body>
</html>访问 http://127.0.0.1:8080/vercode.html ，效果如下：
3 配置验证码过滤器
新增 VerifyCodeFilter 验证码过滤器
// 验证码过滤器
@Component
public class VerifyCodeFilter extends GenericFilterBean {
private String defaultFilterProcessUrl = "/doLogin";
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException, AuthenticationServiceException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
if ("POST".equalsIgnoreCase(request.getMethod()) && defaultFilterProcessUrl.equals(request.getServletPath())) {
// 验证码验证
String requestCaptcha = request.getParameter("vercode");
String genCaptcha = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("s_vercode");
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(requestCaptcha) || StringUtils.isEmpty(genCaptcha))
throw new AuthenticationServiceException("验证码不能为空!");
if (!genCaptcha.toLowerCase().equals(requestCaptcha.toLowerCase())) {
throw new AuthenticationServiceException("验证码错误!");
}
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}当请求方法是 POST ，并且请求地址是 /doLogin 时，获取参数中的 vercode 字段值，该字段保存了用户从前端页面传来的验证码，然后获取 session 中保存的验证码，如果用户没有传来验证码，则抛出“验证码不能为空”异常，如果用户传入了验证码，则判断验证码是否正确，如果不正确则抛出“验证码错误”异常，否则执行 chain.doFilter(request, response); 使请求继续向下走。
4 配置 Spring Security
新增 SecurityConfig 配置类，如下：
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter; // 验证码过滤器
@Bean
PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
// return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();// 密码不加密
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();// 密码加密
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
// 在内存中配置2个用户
/*auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
.withUser("admin").password("123456").roles("admin")
.and()
.withUser("user").password("123456").roles("user");// 密码不加密*/
auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
.withUser("admin").password("$2a$10$fB2UU8iJmXsjpdk6T6hGMup8uNcJnOGwo2.QGR.e3qjIsdPYaS4LO").roles("admin")
.and()
.withUser("user").password("$2a$10$3TQ2HO/Xz1bVHw5nlfYTBON2TDJsQ0FMDwAS81uh7D.i9ax5DR46q").roles("user");// 密码加密
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.addFilterBefore(verifyCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")
// 登录失败的处理器（VerifyCodeFilter 抛出的异常不会到这里？）
.failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("status", 401);
map.put("msg", e.getMessage());
out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
})
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf().disable();
// 其他配置可参考 spring-boot-springsecurity-login
}
@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
// 配置不需要拦截的请求地址，即该地址不走 Spring Security 过滤器链
web.ignoring().antMatchers("/vercode");
web.ignoring().antMatchers("/vercode.html");
}
}配置之后，在登录时就要求传验证码了，如果不传或传错，控制台就会抛出异常。
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