在工作中我们会经常使用到树状结构,例如Windows的资源管理器中的目录结构就用到了类似的控件。在Qt中可以使用QTreeWidget来实现类似的效果。

Qt中提供的QTreeWidget功能相对比较少,在实际中经常需要扩展它的功能,比如本文将要谈到的三态树的问题。


首先我们先创建一个QTreeWidget的对象,并添加一些节点:

void WidgetTreeTEST::createDirectoryStruct()
{
	QTreeWidgetItem *topLevelDirectory = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	topLevelDirectory->setText(0, "DIR");
	topLevelDirectory->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	topLevelDirectory->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/folder.png"));

	//Direcoty C
	QTreeWidgetItem *directoryC = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	directoryC->setText(0, "LocalDrive C");
	directoryC->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	directoryC->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/folder.png"));

	QTreeWidgetItem *file1 = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	file1->setText(0, "file1");
	file1->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	file1->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/file.png"));

	QTreeWidgetItem *file2 = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	file2->setText(0, "file2");
	file2->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	file2->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/file.png"));

	directoryC->addChild(file1);
	directoryC->addChild(file2);

	//Directory D
	QTreeWidgetItem *directoryD = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	directoryD->setText(0, "LocalDrive D");
	directoryD->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	directoryD->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/folder.png"));

	QTreeWidgetItem *file3 = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	file3->setText(0, "file3");
	file3->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	file3->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/file.png"));

	directoryD->addChild(file3);

	//Direcoty E
	QTreeWidgetItem *directoryE = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	directoryE->setText(0, "LocalDrive E");
	directoryE->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	directoryE->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/folder.png"));

	QTreeWidgetItem *file4 = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	file4->setText(0, "file4");
	file4->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	file4->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/file.png"));

	QTreeWidgetItem *file5 = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	file5->setText(0, "file5");
	file5->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	file5->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/file.png"));

	QTreeWidgetItem *direcotryE1 = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	direcotryE1->setText(0, "file6");
	direcotryE1->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	direcotryE1->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/folder.png"));

	QTreeWidgetItem *file6 = new QTreeWidgetItem();
	file6->setText(0, "file6");
	file6->setCheckState(0, Qt::Checked);
	file6->setIcon(0, QIcon(":/Resources/file.png"));	
	direcotryE1->addChild(file6);

	directoryE->addChild(file4);
	directoryE->addChild(file5);
	directoryE->addChild(direcotryE1);

	QList<QTreeWidgetItem*> topLevelItemList;
	topLevelItemList << directoryC << directoryD << directoryE;
	topLevelDirectory->addChildren(topLevelItemList);
	addTopLevelItem(topLevelDirectory);
}

创建的场景结构如下图所示:

QTreeWidgetItem设置为当前选中节点 qtreewidget 选中_Qt

在QTreeWidget中树结构的每一项都是一个QTreeWidgetItem,通过对它的设置可以修改树的显示效果,对于树的三态切换需要处理QTreeWidget中的一个信号:

QTreeWidgetItem设置为当前选中节点 qtreewidget 选中_Qt_02

当某一个节点被选中或者取消选中的时候需要处理以下情况:

1. 处理该节点的子节点(如果它有子节点),它的子节点的状态(Check或者Uncheck)和它一样 (如果它的子节点中有目录,那么还需要递归处理子节点的子节点)

2. 处理该节点的父节点,父节点会根据当前它子节点的状态来调整自身的状态(如果该父节点还有父节点,那么还需要递归处理父节点的父节点)

在QTreeWidget中的itemChanged事件会一直递归的调用,也就是说如果我们设置了子节点的状态(使用程序设置,或者手动点击),那么被设置的节点会继续调用itemChanged信号,根据这个特点,我们在编写代码的过程中不需要考虑递归的问题,只需要设置一个层级的处理即可。

具体实现如下:

设置子节点和父节点的状态

void WidgetTreeTEST::setChildCheckState(QTreeWidgetItem *item, Qt::CheckState cs)
{
	if(!item) return;
	for (int i=0;i<item->childCount();i++)
	{
		QTreeWidgetItem* child=item->child(i);
		if(child->checkState(0)!=cs)
		{
			child->setCheckState(0, cs);
		}
	}
	setParentCheckState(item->parent());
}

void WidgetTreeTEST::setParentCheckState(QTreeWidgetItem *item)
{
	if(!item) return;
	int selectedCount=0;
	int childCount = item->childCount();
	for (int i=0;i<childCount;i++)
	{
		QTreeWidgetItem* child= item->child(i);
		if(child->checkState(0)==Qt::Checked) 
		{
			selectedCount++;
		}
	}

	if(selectedCount == 0) {
		item->setCheckState(0,Qt::Unchecked);
	} else if (selectedCount == childCount) {
		item->setCheckState(0,Qt::Checked);
	} else {
		item->setCheckState(0,Qt::PartiallyChecked);
	}
}

在信号的响应槽函数中:

void WidgetTreeTEST::itemChangedSlot(QTreeWidgetItem* item, int column)
{
	if(Qt::PartiallyChecked!=item->checkState(0))
		setChildCheckState(item,item->checkState(0));

	if(Qt::PartiallyChecked==item->checkState(0))
		if(!isTopItem(item))
			item->parent()->setCheckState(0,Qt::PartiallyChecked);	
}


bool WidgetTreeTEST::isTopItem(QTreeWidgetItem* item)
{
	if(!item) return false;
	if(!item->parent()) return true;
	return false;
}

槽函数中根据PartiallyChecked进行分类:因为只有组节点(包含子节点的节点)才可能有partiallyChecked的状态,当组节点被设置为partiallyChecked的时候它的父节点也会被设置为这种类型的状态,并且当组节点设置为PartiallyChecked的时候对子节点的状态没有任何影响。

最后结果如下图所示:

QTreeWidgetItem设置为当前选中节点 qtreewidget 选中_QTreeWidget_03